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Biomedical subjects

Y Endo

Publications and source records attributed to Y Endo.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[The frequency of patients with positive HIV-antibody in the various groups and the prognosis of these patients treated with SNMC].

Among 300 patients receiving blood and/or blood products because of blood disorders, 3 (1%) were positive for HIV by ELISA. However, 3 patients were thought to be false positive because they had received bolus injection of gamma-globulin and their serum became negative after 6 months. Moreover, no viral inclusion or HIV-antigen was detected. In 30 patients with hemophilia and related disorders, 21 (70%) were positive by ELISA, Immunofluorescence, Passive-agglutination and Western Blot method. Immunodeficiency, as reflected by decreases of CD 4/8 ratio and NK activity, was successfully treated with high-dose of Stronger Neo-Minophagen C.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Therapeutic plasmapheresis for post-operative hepatic failure.

It goes without saying that post-surgical hepatic failure must be treated. But today, the prognosis is very poor. The reasons for this are that HF is usually accompanied by hemostatic disorders and PHF, and the patients have fresh wounds and are under surgical stress. Moreover, there is no treatment, except PE, and this requires an anticoagulant. Nafamostat Mesilate (FUT-175) was invented as a serine protease inhibitor. It is short acting, and its degradation does not require the liver. FUT-175 was applied as an anticoagulant to 15 PHF patients with bleeding. There were no side effects and no aggravation of bleeding. Based on these results, FUT-175 is thought to be an ideal anticoagulant.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1990

[Pituitary hyperplasia in primary hypothyroidism].

One case of primary hypothyroidism with hyperplasia of the pituitary gland was reported. This enlargement was decreased after hormone replacement therapy. Pituitary hyperplasia occurs secondarily to primary endocrine gland failure. Reactive enlargement of the pituitary gland must be differentiated from primary pituitary abnormalities in order to avoid unnecessary surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The mechanism of action of the cytotoxic lectin from Phoradendron californicum: the RNA N-glycosidase activity of the protein.

A toxic lectin from Phoradendron californicum (PCL) was found to inactivate catalytically 60 S ribosomal subunits of rabbit reticulocytes, resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis. To study the mechanism of action of PCL, rat liver ribosomes were treated with the toxin and the extracted rRNA was treated with aniline. A fragment containing about 450 nucleotides was released from the 28 S rRNA. Analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the fragment revealed that the aniline-sensitive phosphodiester bond was between A4324 and G4325 of the 28 S rRNA. These results indicate that PCL inactivates the ribosomes by cleaving an N-glycosidic bond at A4324 of 28 S rRNA in the ribosomes as does ricin A-chain.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Induction of histidine and ornithine decarboxylase activities in mouse tissues by recombinant interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor.

The injection of recombinant interleukin-1 (IL-1) into mice induced histidine decarboxylase (HDC) activity in the bone marrow, spleen, lung and liver and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity in the spleen and liver. The ability of IL-1 to induce these responses was the most potent of the various cytokines tested. The induction of these responses by IL-1 seemed to be more rapid than that produced by a lipopolysaccharide. The potency of IL-1 alpha to induce both HDC and ODC activities was similar to that of IL-1 beta, and their combination did not potentiate the induction of these responses. In contrast, although the ability of recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) to induce these responses was less potent than that of IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta, the combination of TNF alpha and IL-1 beta produced higher HDC and ODC activities in some tissues tested than those induced by the combination of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta. These results suggest that the syntheses of histamine and putrescine are regulated by IL-1 and/or TNF alpha in inflammatory or immune responses. Through these experiments, it was noticed that, in spite of a marked induction of HDC activity in the bone marrow, there was no detectable induction of ODC activity in this tissue. The meaning of HDC induction in the bone marrow is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Serum titers of pre-S(2) antigen in patients with acute and chronic type B hepatitis: relation to serum aminotransferase activity and other hepatitis B virus markers.

The peptide which is encoded by the pre-S(2) region of hepatitis B virus DNA, the pre-S(2) antigen, was determined quantitatively by an enzyme immunoassay system employing monoclonal antibodies. The prevalence and titer of pre-S(2)Ag were 91.9% (91/99) and 10,356 +/- 19,053 units (mean +/- S.D., arbitrary units) for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive patients with acute and chronic HBV infection and 86.0% (74/86) and 952 +/- 1,565 units for HBeAg-negative subjects. In four patients with acute hepatitis B, pre-S(2)Ag titers changed in parallel with HBV DNA levels, and the disappearance of pre-S(2)Ag from serum was associated with a rapid fall of ALT levels into the normal range, whereas the fluctuation of pre-S(2)Ag titer correlated with persistence of ALT elevations. In all of the 19 episodes of acute exacerbation of hepatitis which occurred in nine patients with chronic active hepatitis B, a significant elevation of pre-S(2)Ag titer was observed, closely overlapping an increase or appearance of HBV DNA, and its peak preceded peaks of ALT by 1 to 11 weeks (mean +/- S.D. = 4.26 +/- 2.57 weeks). These observations suggest that quantitative measurement of pre-S(2)Ag would be useful for estimation of the magnitude of HBV replication and would help predict the prognosis of acute hepatitis B and of acute exacerbation in chronic hepatitis B.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) deficiency caused by a single base substitution in the CAGYC region of the beta-subunit.

Congenital isolated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disease that manifests as hypothyroidism (cretinism), causing severe mental and growth retardations. Patients were found to have a single base substitution in the codon for the 29th amino acid of the TSH beta subunit gene. The alteration is in the center of the so-called CAGYC region, which consists of an amino acid sequence conserved among all of the known glycoprotein hormone beta subunits. No other nucleotide substitutions have been found in the gene thus far sequenced. Microinjection of the mutated beta mRNAs into Xenopus laevis oocytes led to the formation of conformationally altered beta polypeptides that could not associate with alpha subunits. The mutation created a new recognition site for the enzyme MaeI. Southern blot hybridization of genomic DNA digested with MaeI showed that the patients were homozygous and their parents were heterozygous for the mutation. This test was also used to examine other family members for the disease.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Purification and characterization of an antibacterial and antineoplastic protein secretion of a sea hare, Aplysia juliana.

The fetid secretion of a sea hare, Aplysia juliana, was lethal to crabs and also inhibited the growth of bacteria. When the secretion was partitioned between water and n-hexane, only the n-hexane layer, which had a nauseating odor, was lethal to crabs. The water-soluble fraction showed strong antibacterial activity and inhibited the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Antibacterial activity of the water-soluble fraction was destroyed by heating at 50 degrees C for 15 min, but was resistant to treatment with proteolytic enzymes. The active principle, named julianin-S, was purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. The purified specimen gave a single protein showing a mol. wt of approximately 67,000, as determined by gel filtration. Julianin-S inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis by 50% at a concentration of 70 ng protein/ml. It was also cytotoxic to murine tumor cells and inhibited in vitro growth of L1210 cells by 50% at a concentration of 8 ng protein/ml.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Experimental study on the adsorption of excess heparin with anion exchange resin fiber.

Anion exchange resin fiber (Ionex) was used as a heparin adsorbent. Ionex has the adsorption capacity of 70 mg/g (weight by desiccation) for heparin, and was used in an attempt to remove the heparin from blood-perfused artificial organs, before the blood was transfused back into the patients. In the ex vivo study, the 5 systemically heparinized dogs (500 U/kg) were treated with a 35-40 g column of Ionex, by direct hemoperfusion (DHP). The concentration of heparin was significantly reduced, within 15 to 60 minutes, using the Ionex. This suggested the possibility of removing excess heparin from the living body. In in vitro, the relationship between the amount of heparin by Ionex and the blood-flow volume were evaluated. Whole blood taken from dogs was added to 5 U/ml of heparin. This was then introduced into a small column containing 0.9 g Ionex, at blood-flow rates of 0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 ml/min. A good adsorption capacity was shown at the blood-flow rate of 0.8 ml/min. One possible explanation for this is that the heparin dispersed in the blood cells gradually was passed on into the plasma and, so, did not have time to be adsorbed at the faster flow rates.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1989

The correlation of the treadmill exercise test with cardiac hemodynamics in patients with previous myocardial infarction.

The correlation between the treadmill exercise test results and the hemodynamic data of 152 patients with previous myocardial infarction were investigated. The patients were classified into 4 groups as follows: H1 left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) less than or equal to 12 mmHg and cardiac index (CI) greater than or equal to 3.0 L/min/m2; H2 LVEDP greater than 12 mmHg and CI greater than or equal to 3.0 L/min/m2; H3 LVEDP less than or equal to 12 mmHg and CI less than 3.0 L/min/m2; and H4 LVEDP greater than 12 mmHg and CI less than 3.0 L/min/m2. The duration of the exercise was significantly shortened for group H4 than group H1 (p less than 0.01). The maximal ST segment elevation (mSTe) was significantly increased for group H3 and group H4, versus group H1 (p less than 0.05). The number of ST segment elevations and mSTe/maximal heart rate were significantly increased for group H3 (p less than 0.05) and group H4 (p less than 0.01) versus group H1. The incidence of exercise-induced premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) was significantly increased in group H3 and group H4, versus group H1 (p less than 0.05). There were no significant differences in the maximal heart rate, double product, and ST segment depression among the 4 groups. Our data indicate that the groups with impaired left ventricular functions tend to decrease the duration of the exercise and to increase ST segment elevation and PVC frequencies during exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Urinary alkylphosphate levels as an index of exposure to organophosphorus insecticides in pest control operators].

In pest control operations, organophosphorus compounds (OP) have been sprayed as insecticides, blood cholinesterase (ChE) activities and urinary alkylphosphate levels were measured for both OP-sprayers (n = 102) and non-sprayers (n = 35) in pest control companies, and the relationship between the analytical results and spraying conditions was investigated. Plasma ChE activities of the OP-sprayers and of the non-sprayers, as well as blood cell ChE activities of the OP-sprayers, were significantly lower than those of employees of chemical factories who served as controls (n = 103). Urinary alkylphosphates were not detected in the controls at all but were detected in 83% of the sprayers and in 57% of the non-sprayer employees of pest control companies. A significant negative correlation (r = -0.34, n = 137, p less than 0.01) between the plasma ChE activities and urinary total alkylphosphate levels was observed in employees of pest control companies. In the case of the employees whose urinary total alkylphosphate levels were 0.1 mumol/g creatinine or more, the plasma ChE activities were 25% decreased compared to the control group. The OP-sprayers showed significantly higher urinary total alkylphosphate levels than the non-sprayers. The OP-sprayers were further divided into two groups. One was sprayers engaged in both cockroach- or fly-control and termite-control operations (sprayers I, n = 54) and the other was sprayers engaged in only cockroach- or fly-control operations (sprayer II, n = 48).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Epitope mapping of human thyrotropin.

Epitope mapping of hTSH was carried out using 19 monoclonal antibodies prepared with hTSH or its beta-subunit as antigen. The affinity constants of the monoclonal antibodies ranged from 9.6 X 10(7) to 5.7 X 10(9) mol/l for hTSH. The binding activities of monoclonal antibodies were maintained or in some cases rather enhanced after removal of the sugar moiety of the subunits of hTSH, and completely diminished after reduction of intramolecular S-S bonds in the subunits of hTSH. Ten monoclonal antibodies recognized the epitopes on hTSH (alpha:beta subunit combined form) and on free alpha-subunit form. Eight other antibodies recognized the epitopes on free/or combined form of beta-subunit, all of which did not recognize any other human glycoprotein hormones. The monoclonal antibodies directed against the alpha-subunit could bind also other human glycoprotein hormones to a varying extent. On the basis of results from competitive binding studies, the antibodies directed against alpha-subunit and those against beta-subunit were each classified into five subgroups recognizing different antigenic determinants. The remaining one antibody recognized an epitope expressed only by hTSH and not by the free subunits. In addition, a positive cooperativity on the binding of hTSH was observed between monoclonal antibodies directed towards a particular epitope on the alpha-subunit and those towards a epitope on the beta-subunit. From these data, two-dimensional map of epitopes on hTSH was constructed. The epitopes on each subunit were found to form a cluster with complicated overlapping, suggesting a highly conformational structure.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients with acute leukemia.

We determined the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) in allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients in order to evaluate the relationship between TNF and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Eight patients with acute leukemia receiving an HLA-identical marrow graft were studied. Samples from healthy subjects and pretransplant recipients were all negative for TNF. Six of eight patients had detectable levels of TNF in serum after transplantation. All three patients with acute GVHD, and three of five patients without acute GVHD had elevated TNF levels in serum. Among the patients with increased TNF levels, documented infection was demonstrated in only one patient, with a clinical diagnosis of B19 parvovirus infection. Serum TNF levels were elevated when the WBC counts were more than 2,000/microliters. However, serum concentrations of TNF significantly correlated with body temperature. Although we could not conclude definitely that serum TNF levels correlated with severity of GVHD, it was suggested that TNF may be produced as a result of latent infections or immunological reaction against non-HLA allogeneic antigens.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Acute low tone sensorineural hearing loss caused by inner ear barotrauma].

Three cases of inner ear barotrauma with subjective symptoms and hearing impairment which were similar to the low tone sudden deafness were reported. Case 1 was a 34-year-old man who developed a hearing loss in the next morning of taking an airplane and recovered four days after. Case 2 was a 42-year-old man who developed a hearing loss 2 days after flying in an airplane and hearing loss have recurred 4 times in his right ear for 3 months. Eight months after recovery of previous recurrent attack, a hearing loss occurred in his left ear without flying and recurred twice for 3 weeks. Case 3 was a 25-year-old woman who developed a hearing loss in the right ear after 24 meter depth scuba diving and recurred 4 times for 40 days. Those three patients complained of no vertigo at any attacks and were treated conservatively. From previous reports and the onset and the course of hearing disturbance, acute low tone sensorineural hearing loss in case 1 and case 2 was thought to be caused by circulatory disturbance of the inner ear and in case 3 thought to be caused by inner ear window rupture. But, endolymphatic hydrops was also needed to be take into account in those three cases as a common possible cause. Inner ear barotrauma and so called labyrinthine window rupture were considered to be one of the diseases needed to differentiate from low tone sudden deafness without reference to mono-attack type or recurrent type.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Responses of tumor cell lines and surgical specimens transplanted into chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryo to anticancer agents in combination with/without hyperthermia].

The chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryo was used to examine the responses of tumor cell lines and surgically resected specimens to anticancer agents in combination with or without hyperthermia. B16-F10 melanoma, KK-47 cell line derived from a transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder and surgical specimens from urological malignancies were transplanted onto the chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryo 10 days after fertilization. The effects of intravascularly injected cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, adriamycin, mitomycin C, vincristine and vinblastine, in combination with or without hyperthermia, on the growth of the grafts were investigated. A 15-minute 42.5 degrees C hyperthermia exhibited most favorable anticancer effects in B16-F10 grafts (P less than 0.01) of all heating conditions tested. A combined use of hyperthermia and cisplatin, cyclophosphamide or adriamycin demonstrated a significantly high tumor regression rate in B16-F10 grafts (P less than 0.01). In KK-47 grafts, a single use of cyclophosphamide and a combined use of hyperthermia and cyclophosphamide exhibited a highly significant antitumor regression (P less than 0.05). Surgical specimens from 14 urological malignancies were subjected to this assay. Growth which was adequate for sensitivity test was obtained in 11 of the 14 malignancies. The results obtained suggest that this assay system may be a useful chemohyperthermia sensitivity test.

Allantois↗
PubMed1989

[Study of objective assessment for pathways in areas of intercuspal position during masticatory movements].

Masicatory function is the result of a highly complicated neuromuscular activity which coordinates in stomatognathie system. Functional directions of masticatory cycles in areas of intercuspal position (IP) were objectively evaluated on each stroke obtained through the Sirognathography Analyzing System (S. G. G./A. S.; Siemens, W. Germany). Twenty seven dantate subjects were selected at random from students and staff members of Kanagawa Dental College. A piece of chewing gum was given to each subject to masticate it for a minute on one side and on the other side respectively. A total of masticatory cycles were successively recorded into S. G. G./A. S.. A statistical analysis, the equal probability for ellipstical variations, was made on the angular measurements from opening and closing phases of each cycle within 3 mm from onset and terminus in areas of IP during masticatory movements. Four characteristic features of angular measurements are presented, namely, subjects who showed different types in position and forms by plotted angles within 80% of total amounts. The following results were obtained from this study. 1. Functional directions of masticatory cycles are clearly recognized in areas of IP from opening and closing phases during masticatory movements. 2. An application of the equal probability for ellipstical variations seems to be efficient for the functional analysis of masticatory cycles. 3. A classification of different types of plotted angles contributes to become a basis for diagnosis of masticatory function and occlusion.

Dental Occlusion↗
PubMed1989

[Chronic T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder associated with pure red cell aplasia].

A 42-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of easy fatigability in Jan. 1976. Laboratory examination revealed severe macrocytic anemia and slight lymphocytosis. She was diagnosed as having pure red cell aplasia (PRCA). She went into hematological remission 6 weeks following 40 mg/day treatment with prednisolone, but the anemia relapsed frequently when the dosage was lessened. She was then treated with 50 mg/day of cyclophosphamide, 50 mg/day of azathioprine, splenectomy, and methylprednisolone pulse therapy, but the recovery from anemia was temporary after each treatment. Since 1984, peripheral lymphocyte counts were 1-30,000/microliters, and reticulocyte counts were 0. She died of sepsis of Listeria in Sep. 1986. Peripheral lymphocytes had large azurophilic granules and an immunophenotype of OKT3+8+11+Ia1+Leu7+.

Adult↗