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Biomedical subjects

Y Eguchi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Eguchi.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Development of the external genitalia in rat fetuses.

Development of the external genitalia in rat fetuses was studied with special reference to the formation of the labia pudenda and the determination of the stage at which the sex difference could be recognized from changes in the external structures. The urogenital fold located on either side of the external structures. The urogenital fold located on either side of the urogenital groove gradually enlarges and begins to enclose the genital tubercle with its counter fold on day 20 of gestation. Thus, the urogenital folds, which are known to become the labia minora and the prepuce of clitoris in the human, are differentiated only into the prepuce of clitoris in the rat. The genital swellings situated caudally to the urogenital folds are not well developed and come to be inconspicuously flat in situ at the end of gestation. However, the labia majora are formed by the time of puberty when the vagina opens. Therefore, it seems that the genital swellings contribute to the formation of the labia majora after birth. Sex difference in development of the external genitalia is recognized on day 17 of gestation; a small oval urogenital orifice is larger in male than in female and the genital swellings are better developed in male than in female.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

7-(Ethoxycarbonyl)-6,8-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1(2H)-phthalazinone derivatives: synthesis and inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation.

7-(Ethoxycarbonyl)-6,8-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1(2H)-phthalazinone derivatives and several analogues were synthesized and their inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation were evaluated. Structure-activity relationships are discussed. All synthesized compounds showed no appreciable effect on platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate, but most of them inhibited effectively the arachidonic acid induced platelet aggregation. The parent compound, 2-phenyl derivatives, and ortho-substituted 2-phenyl derivatives show the most potent inhibition of all compounds.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1984

Properties of calcium-dependent regulatory proteins from fungi and yeast.

Calmodulins were isolated from vegetative mycelia of Basidiomycetes fungi, Agaricus campestris and Coprinus lagopus. These calmodulins showed similar mobilities to those of animal calmodulins on nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence or absence of Ca2+. The molecular weights of both calmodulins were determined to be 16,000. Agaricus calmodulin consisted of 148 amino acids including epsilon-N-trimethyllysine and cysteine. The UV-absorption spectrum showed the relatively high content of phenylalanine in Basidiomycetes calmodulins. The difference UV-absorption spectrum due to the blue shift by Ca2+ was observed. Both calmodulins activated muscle myosin light chain kinase and pea NAD+ kinase in a Ca2+-dependent manner, and the activities were inhibited by trifluoperazine or chlorpromazine. A calmodulin-like protein was partially purified from baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, detection of a calmodulin-like protein in prokaryotes was not successful.

Agaricales↗
PubMed1984

Enzymatic proof for the identity of the S-sulfocysteine synthase and cysteine synthase B of Salmonella typhimurium.

S-Sulfocysteine synthase was isolated from Salmonella typhimurium LT-2 to homogeneous form with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of this enzyme was determined to be ca. 55,000. The enzyme consisted of two identically sized subunits, and it contained one pyridoxal phosphate per subunit. The enzyme catalyzed the biosynthesis of cysteine or S-methylcysteine from sulfide or methanethiol and O-acetylserine, respectively, in addition to the formation of S-sulfocysteine from thiosulfate and O-acetylserine. The enzyme is identical to cysteine synthase B. The intracellular level of this enzyme was regulated by lesser extents of the same factors as those effective for cysteine synthase A.

Kinetics↗
PubMed1984

Analysis of metopirone-induced hypertrophy of adrenals in fetal rats encephalectomized in utero.

Pregnant rats were treated with 30 mg metopirone (M) each day for 2 days and autopsied on the third day in various gestational periods (Days 18-20, 19-21, and 20-22). Control rats were treated with saline alone (S). The adrenals of intact fetuses in M-treated dams were significantly heavier than those of intact fetuses in S-treated dams in every experimental period. In both M- and S-treated dams, the adrenals of encephalectomized (E) fetuses were lighter than those of intact littermates. However, in the experimental period of Days 18-20 and 19-21, the adrenals of E fetuses in M-treated dams were slightly but significantly heavier than those of similar E fetuses in S-treated dams. In contrast, in the experimental period Days 20-22, there was no significant difference in the weight of adrenals of E fetuses of M- and S-treated dams. These changes in fetal adrenal weight were reflected histologically in parallel changes in the size of adrenocortical cells. The observations suggest that the fetal adrenal hypertrophy following maternal treatment with metopirone can occur to some extent independent of the fetal brain, but that close to the end of gestation the hypertrophy occurs completely under the control of the fetal brain.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1983

Evidence that thiosulfate assimilation by Salmonella typhimurium is catalyzed by cysteine synthase B.

Mutants carrying defects in cysteine synthase A or B or both were isolated from Salmonella typhimurium LT2. Parent strains were able to grow on minimal media containing sulfate, sulfite, sulfide, or thiosulfate as sulfur sources. Mutants lacking cysteine synthase B were unable to grow on thiosulfate, whereas mutants lacking cysteine synthase A grew on the four inorganic sulfur sources described above with little difference in their growth rates. Mutants lacking both cysteine synthases failed to grow on media containing any of the inorganic sulfur sources tested. Purification of cysteine synthase B resulted in the copurification of S-sulfocysteine synthase. In addition, the two activities were also cotransduced. These activities appear to be associated with the cysM gene, and this is able to be cotransducted with the cysK gene at a high frequency. From these results, it may be concluded that thiosulfate is assimilated via S-sulfocysteine exclusively with the aid of S-sulfocysteine synthase.

Acetyltransferases↗
PubMed1983

Developmental changes in fetal adrenal hypertrophy following maternal bilateral and fetal unilateral adrenalectomy at different stages of gestation in the rat.

Maternal adrenalectomy on days 14 and 15 of gestation did not alter the fetal adrenal weight 2 days later. The same operation on day 16 caused a significant increase in the adrenal weight with a hypertrophy of the cortical cells. Nevertheless, the operation on days 17 and 18 induced no change in the fetal adrenals. Subsequently on days 19 and 20, the operation resulted in a significant hypertrophy of the fetal adrenals. Fetal unilateral adrenalectomy on day 18 caused, 2 days later, significant hypertrophy of the contralateral adrenal, in contrast with no significant change after maternal adrenalectomy. This is perhaps due to the difference in the amount of fetal plasma corticoids, as evidenced by the previous reports of high concentrations of fetal plasma corticosterone on days 19 and 20. The overall results suggest that the fetal pituitary-adrenal feedback mechanism begins to appear between days 16 and 18 of gestation.

Adrenal Glands↗