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Biomedical subjects

Y Carlier

Publications and source records attributed to Y Carlier.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Specific immunodiagnosis of Chagas disease: immunodiffusion test using a specific serum anti-Trypanosoma cruzi component 5.

A micro double diffusion test (MD), allowing the identification of precipitation brand 5 by identity reaction, using a rabbit specific anti-component 5 serum, was evaluated for the immunological diagnosis of Chagas' disease. The previous studies on the Trypanosoma cruzi specificity of component 5[g] were completed, showing it to be absent in Leishmania brazilienis, but present in different strains of T. cruzi. 200 sera from Bolivian patients were studied. (88 with a positive xenodiagnosis, 45 with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis but without Chagas' disease, and 67 controls). Band 5 was found in 74 (84.1%) of the sera with positive xenodiagnosis but was never found either in the leishmaniasis or in the control groups. MD, allowing an easy detection of T. cruzi specific band 5, cheap and simple to perform, can be recommended in association with other serological tests, when highly specific immunodiagnosis of Chagas' disease is required.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Differential diagnosis between retinoblastoma and ocular toxocariasis].

We studied the sensitivity for Toxocara Canis (ELISA technique) in 5 cases of retinoblastoma confirmed by anatomopathological examination. Some presented with a positive reaction in serum and/or in aqueous. Now that surgical technique are available that permit to functionally save eyes affected by toxocariasis, we felt that a safe and reliable differential diagnosis between toxocariasis and retinoblastoma is of major importance. A positive ELISA test even in the aqueous fluid does'nt seem reliable enough for that purpose. We concluded to the necessity to include in preoperative tests some more invasive techniques such as aqueous tap for dosage of lactico-dehydrogenases or vitreous biopsy for cytological examination, at least for the most difficult cases with a positive ELISA test.

Aqueous Humor↗
PubMed1986

Specific and sensitive immunological diagnosis of Chagas' disease by competitive antibody enzyme immunoassay using a Trypanosoma cruzi-specific monoclonal antibody.

Coexistence of Chagas' disease with leishmaniasis and T. rangeli infection in endemic areas and cross-reactivity between corresponding etiological agents can confuse the immunodiagnosis of Chagas' disease. A discriminative serological test could therefore represent a major advance in specific immunodiagnosis. A competitive antibody enzyme immunoassay against a component 5-enriched preparation, using a T. cruzi species-specific monoclonal antibody has allowed development of a specific serodiagnosis of Chagas' disease with high sensitivity (96.6% in undetermined and chronic phases of infection). This test can differentiate Chagas' disease from other cross-reacting parasitic diseases in areas where concomitant infections are unknown or suspected.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Bioenergetic and cardiovascular responses to exercise in residents at 2.850 m, with asymptomatic Chagas' disease.

Cardiovascular and energetic responses at rest, during 30 min of exercise (mechanical output: 125 watts) and for a subsequent recovery period of 5 min were compared in two groups, each comprising 21 residents at an altitude of 2.850 m. One group was in the asymptomatic phase of Chagas' disease with positive serological tests for T. cruzi, whereas the other was without Chagas' disease (negative serological tests). The two groups were similar as regards age, weight-for-height, blood parameters, nutritional status and heart and lung functions, including heart rate and frontal plane QRS axis determinations. At rest, they differed in that maximal and minimal arterial blood pressures were slightly but significantly lower in the group with Chagas' positive serological tests than in the controls. During exercise and recovery, the only differences between them and the controls were that their minimal diastolic arterial blood pressure was significantly lower. In absolute values, the rises in arterial pressure due to exercise were exactly the same in the two groups. Maximal O2 uptake was identical in both groups, as was exercise steady state VO2. These findings indicate that the asymptomatic subjects with Chagas' disease had a normal work capacity and were not affected by high altitude.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Comparisons of immunological tests for serodiagnosis of Chagas disease in Bolivian patients.

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoelectrophoresis (IEP) were evaluated and compared to the classical immunofluorescence (IF) and complement fixation test (CFT) in the immunological diagnosis of Chagas' disease, using 407 sera from Bolivian patients. 72.7 to 79.5% of randomised sera, coming from patients living in endemic areas for Chagas' disease were considered as positive, according to the test limits, previously determined. The techniques could be classified according to their percentage detection as ELISA greater than IF greater than CFT greater than IEP. The quantitative correlations between the tests were excellent (p less than 0.001). 92.8% of the sera were positive or negative for the four tests, 6.1% for three tests and 1.1% for only two tests. The agreement between the tests ranged from 94.6 to 99.2%, co-positivity from 95.5 to 100% and co-negativity from 88.5 to 100%. IF gave the best results, and could be considered as the reference test since it was easy and rapid to perform. However to avoid errors or discrepancies between laboratories, two tests, such as IF and CFT, might be associated. ELISA can be used if higher sensitivity is required. IEP showed 1 to 14 precipitation bands in 96% of the sera from infected patients. The precipitation band 5, previously demonstrated as Trypanosoma cruzi specific, was present in 73% of these sera, indicating the interest to use immunoprecipitation test, if more specificity is required for the immunodiagnosis of Chagas' disease.

Bolivia↗
PubMed1984

Influence of vitamin A on the immune response of Schistosoma mansoni-infected rats.

Nutritional (vitamin A levels, weights), parasitological (adult worm burden, count of eggs in liver, stool examination) and immunological (IgE serum levels, anti-Schistosoma mansoni antibodies, lymphocyte stimulation by concanavalin A and S. mansoni antigenic extract) parameters were studied in three groups of rats, a non-infected and normally fed control group, a S. mansoni-infected but normally fed group, and a S. mansoni-infected group with experimentally induced vitamin A deficiency. The number of worms was found significantly higher in the third (53 +/- 19) than in the second group (2 +/- 2) (p less than 0.001). There were many eggs in the liver surrounded by granulomatous reactions in the third group (399 +/- 73 epg liver). All stool examinations were negative. IgE levels and anti-S. mansoni antibody titres were significantly lower (p less than 0.001) in the third than in the second group. The concanavalin A lymphocyte stimulation indexes did not differ significantly between groups 2 and 3; the S. mansoni lymphocyte stimulation index was only significantly positive in group 3 (p less than 0.001). These results indicate a decrease in the humoral immune response without alteration of cellular immune response in vitamin A-deficient rats infected with S. mansoni.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Current methods of immunologic diagnosis in parasitology].

This review of the immunological diagnosis of parasitic diseases defines the various indications, the means of collection and preparation, the various levels of specificity and the choice of parasitic antigen which should be used for immuno-diagnosis. The detection and assay of circulating antibodies relies on the techniques of immuno-precipitation (immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis, electrosyneresis), indirect agglutination (latex and haemagglutination) or the use of labelled compounds (immunofluorescence, enzymo-immunoassay, radio-immunoassay). Their respective advantages and disadvantages are discussed. The detection and assay of circulating antigens involve the use of agglutination techniques (mycoses), radio-immunoassay or enzymo-immunoassay (protozooses and helminthiases). The authors review the applications of immunological diagnosis for the helminthiases (Trichinosis, Toxocarosis, Filariasis, Anguillosis, Ascaridiasis, Echinococcosis, Taeniasis and Cysticercosis, Distomatosis and Schistosomiasis), the protozoan infections (malaria, Toxoplasmosis, Amebiasis, Trypanosomiasis, Leishmaniasis) and the mycoses (Aspergillosis, Candidiasis, Cryptococcosis). They also discuss the prospects for the development of immunological diagnosis by identification, purification and standardization of parasitic antigens and the study of circulating antigens and idiotypic anti-parasitic antibodies. Finally, they outline the respective responsibilities of the biologist and the prescribing doctor for the proper use of immunological diagnosis of parasitic diseases.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1982

The use of an excretory-secretory antigen for an ELISA specific sero-diagnosis of visceral larva migrans.

In sera from patients with visceral larva migrans (VLM) syndrome, enzyme-linked immunospecific assay (ELISA) was used to detect IgG and IgE antibody anti-excretory-secretory antigen (ESA) from the second larval stage of Toxocara canis. The technical conditions of the assay were determined. The specificity of IgG ELISA-ESA (with OD values greater than 0.34) allowed the differentiation of VLM syndrome from ascaris or other human parasite infections.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1982

Helminth functional antigens (with special reference to S. mansoni).

Study of helminth antigens with a special reference to Schistosoma are reviewed, not exhaustively but rather as an overview of trends. These antigens are considered at four levels. Firstly, characterization and utilization of genus, species or stage-specific antigens should improve the efficiency of immunological diagnosis of helminth diseases. Then, some well-characterized antigens are of interest because of their involvement in the modulation of the immune response or in the immunopathological field. Finally, identification of relevant antigens capable of eliciting a protective immune response is a prerequisite to any attempt at immunoprophylaxy of helminthic infections.

Anthelmintics↗
PubMed1980

Detection of Schistosoma mansoni M antigen in circulating immune-complexes and in kidneys of infected hamsters.

Circulating M antigen (CMA) of Schistosoma mansoni was found in the trichloroacetic acid (TCA) soluble fraction of a polyethylene glycol precipitate of serum from infected hamsters. It was also found as a TCA-soluble component in an immunoglobulin-containing fraction eluted from infected hamster kidneys. It was not found in similarly treated control sera nor in the products of acid dissociation of circulating immune complexes (CIC) from infected hamster sera. CMA was not detected in the kidneys of normal hamsters. Precipitating anti-M antigen antibodies were present in one of 10 sera from infected hamsters, but not in the eluates of hamster kidneys. These results indicate that CMA is present in circulating immune complexes in infected hamsters. The presence of CMA in kidneys from the same hamsters suggests a possible role for circulating antigens in immune-complexed form in the aetiology of glomerulonephritis in S. mansoni infection.

Animals↗