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Biomedical subjects

Y C Liu

Publications and source records attributed to Y C Liu.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia: report of 4 cases.

This is the first time Branhamella Catarrhalis has been identified as a lower respiratory tract pathogen in Taiwan. All 4 patients with B. catarrhalis pneumonia reported herein had a certain degree of underlying pulmonary dysfunction. Two patients had pure B. catarrhalis infection, whilst the other two had concomitant infections with Haemophilus influenzae or Viridans streptococci. Amongst the 3 strains of B. catarrhalis examined, all were capable of producing beta-lactamase. By using the Kirby-Bauer method, 2 of these strains were observed as penicillin resistant. Therefore, patients with poor clinical response to penicillin, ampicillin, and cephapirin were treated effectively with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or ofloxacin. B. catarrhalis should no longer be regarded as a normal flora of the sputum in patients with lower respiratory tract infections. Beta-lactamase production should be tested for each isolated strain to avoid failure of penicillin therapy due to bacterial resistance.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Pre- and post-operative hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroidal axis function in patients with prolactinoma, growth hormone tumour and ACTH tumour.

Pre- and postoperative hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis function was studied in 38 patients with pituitary adenomas (PRL, GH and ACTH tumours), of whom 35 were surgically confirmed and three diagnosed by clinical signs, CT scanning and hormone assessments. About ten days after operation, the same study was repeated in 10 patients with prolactinoma and 7 with growth hormone (GH) tumour. The preoperative abnormal serum TSH response to TRH was found in 8/20 patients with prolactinoma, 9/16 with GH tumour, and 2/2 with Cushing's disease due to ACTH microadenoma. The incidence of abnormal TSH response to TRH was not significantly increased in patients with larger adenoma in either PRL or GH tumour group. In 8 cases of prolactinoma, metoclopramide (MCP, 10 mg, P.O.) test was also performed and there was a significant positive correlation between TSH responses to TRH and to MCP. Serum TT3 in the GH tumour group was within normal ranges, but significantly higher than that of the normal and prolactinoma groups. After operation, TT3 was significantly decreased as compared with that before operation and there were marked changes in TSH response to TRH. In conclusion, there were some abnormalities in TSH control in patients with non-TSH pituitary tumour, and in serum TT3 control in patients with GH tumour. The surgical treatment of pituitary adenoma can lead to transient decrease in TSH reserve and serum TT3 level probably resulting from both stress and/or destruction of thyro-trophs by the operation.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1989

Cytomegalovirus interstitial pneumonitis in a bone marrow transplant recipient.

A 15-year-old girl suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia developed cytomegalovirus interstitial pneumonitis 34 days after an allogenic bone marrow transplantation. The disease was diagnosed by open lung biopsy. Histopathologic examination disclosed intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, as well as, a positive cytomegalovirus antigen detected by an immunofluorescence stain using a cytomegalovirus monoclonal antibody. The virus culture also eventually produced cytomegalovirus. Because of the lack of ganciclovir in this country, antiviral therapy of a non-specific nature was given to this patient. However, the treatment was ineffective and she subsequently died. There is an association between the immunologic events of a graft-versus-host disease and the development of cytomegalovirus interstitial pneumonitis. The pathogenesis of cytomegalovirus interstitial pneumonitis in a bone marrow transplant recipient is evidence of an immunopathologic disease, rather than that of a purely infectionus disease. years, the treatment modality of cytomegalovirus interstitial pneumonitis in bone marrow transplant recipients has become a combination of specific antiviral and immune therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Electrophysiologic effects of sophocarpine on papillary muscle in guinea pig].

Sophocarpine prolonged the action potential duration of guinea pig papillary muscle in a dose-dependent manner. After the preparations were exposed to sophocarpine 50 mumol/L for 30 min, APD50 and APD90 were prolonged from 189 +/- 21 and 216 +/- 24 ms to 205 +/- 27 and 241 +/- 25 ms (P less than 0.01). Simultaneously, ERP was prolonged from 202 +/- 14 to 211 +/- 16 ms, although the ERP/APD90 ratio was not changed. Sophocarpine had no significant effects on other AP parameters. Propranolol did not block sophocarpine effects.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1989

Studies on bio-antioxidants--micellar effects on the reduction of nitroxides by vitamin C.

The kinetics of reduction of nitroxides including 4-hydroxy-TEMPO, 4-methoxy-TEMPO and 4-hexanoyloxy-TEMPO, which are of different lipophilicities, by vitamin C in cationic, non-ionic and anionic micelles, i.e. CTAB, Triton X-100 and SDS, respectively, have been studied by FSR spectroscopy by a stopped-flow technique. A mechanism for the reaction conducted in micelles is proposed and the rate constants for the elementary reactions are evaluated. It is found that the rates of single electron transfer reactions involving the nitroxides are dependent on the nature of the micelle and the lipophilicity of the nitroxide. The rates are increased in CTAB, decreased in SDS, whereas unaffected in Triton X-100. And the greater the lipophilicity of the nitroxide, the more pronounced the rate variation. As high as a 3600-fold increase in the rate was observed for 4-hexanoyloxy-TEMPO in CTAB over that in SDS. The micellar effects are rationalized on the basis of analysis of parameters and line shape of the ESR spectra for the nitroxides in the micelles.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1989

Acute effects of fever, fasting and aspirin on infant rat gastric mucosa.

Clinical experience shows that young children with gastrointestinal bleeding have frequently had some preceding febrile illness for which aspirin was administered. Febrile young children often have poor food or liquid intake, or have been in a fasting state because of diarrhea, vomiting or anorexia. The objective of this study was to determine the acute effects of fever, fasting and oral aspirin administration on the gastrointestinal mucosa. One hundred and sixty-eight infant rats, from 21 to 28 days of age and weighting from 70 to 120 g were studied. Random assignment was made to eight groups (Grs): Control (Gr I); aspirin administration only (Gr II); fasting only (Gr III); fever only (Gr IV); aspirin and fever (Gr V); fasting and fever (Gr VI); aspirin and fasting (Gr VII); and aspirin, fever and fasting (Gr VIII). Aspirin was given orally in a single daily dose of 200 mg/kg for two days. Fever was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of 0.6 ml salmonella vaccine. Fasting time lasted from 40 to 48 hours (8 hours prior to the beginning of the experiment to the end of study). The severity of the gastric bleeding was estimated by scoring the number of petechiae and the percentage of the hemorrhagic erosion area from grade 0 to 3. Results showed that rats in Grs VII and VIII had significantly more severe grades of petechiae and hemorrhage than the other groups. These were the groups where the risk factors of fasting and aspirin administration coexisted. In addition to fasting, Gr VIII had fever, but this group did not show more gastric mucosal damage than Gr VII showed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance assignments and spectral characteristics for some pavine alkaloids.

Detailed 13C-NMR spectral assignments were made for some pavine alkaloids isolated from Cryptocarya chinensis, including (-)-crychine (1), (-)-caryachine (2), and (+)-O-methylcaryachine (3), and neocaryachine (4). The assignments were based on detailed analysis of 1H NMR, 13C NMR, heteronuclear 1H-13C COSY, both one-bond and long-range correlations, and cross comparisons with model compounds. Substituent effects on the chemical shifts of the N-methylpavinane skeleton were analyzed in view of their utility in structural elucidation.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1989

Legionnaires' disease following cardiac transplantation.

One case of Legionnaires' disease in cardiac transplant recipient is reported. She was diagnosed by immunofluorescence study of bronchoscopic lavage specimen and was treated by oral erythromycin successfully. The main presentations are fever and single pulmonary nodule with rapid progression and cavitation. In the literatures report, two complicated Legionnaires' disease was reported in cardiac transplant recipient. This case is less complicated than reported and is the first case in this country.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Causal bacteria of pyogenic liver abscess.

This is a review of bacteriologic data on 175 patients with pyogenic liver abscesses seen over a period of 8 years at Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Positive cultures were obtained from liver aspirates in 151 of the 163 patients in which cultures were taken. One hundred and twenty patient specimens grew one isolate and 31 specimens grew two or more isolates. A total of 149 aerobic gram-negative rods, 25 aerobic cocci and 29 anaerobes were isolated. Ninety of the 159 patients from whom blood was taken had positive cultures. In 11 patients, two or more isolates were grown concurrently from the blood. A total of 87 aerobic gram-negative rods, 7 aerobic cocci and 10 anaerobes were isolated. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common microorganism, accounting for 50.8% of the cases. Other major pathogens were Escherichia coli (27.4%), anaerobes (15.4%), and viridans streptococci (6.2%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of congenital cataract with McIntyre co-axial I.A. cannula].

Thirty seven eyes with congenital cataract in with there a lot of transparent cortex were treated with McIntyre co-axial cannula. Primary posterior capsuloctomy after removing the cortex was performed on patients aged less 3 years; for patients over 3 years, their posterior capsule remained intact. After the operation, all cases got transparent pupillary space more than 5 mm in diameter. The visual acuities improved in 32 eyes and remained unchanged in 5 eyes. This procedure not only received satisfactory results, but also avoided side effects caused by capsuloctomy and reduced the possibility of general anesthesia accident and operation fee.

Cataract↗
PubMed1989

Necrotizing Pneumocystis carinii vasculitis associated with lung necrosis and cavitation in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Pulmonary cavitation is an infrequent manifestation of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The pathogenesis of lung cavities associated with P carinii pneumonia has not been fully elucidated by detailed morphologic studies. This article describes a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and P carinii pneumonia who developed roentgenographically identified lung cavitation while being treated with azidothymidine. At autopsy, necrotizing vasculitis with vascular infiltration by Pneumocystis organisms was associated with lung necrosis and cavitation. No other causes of pulmonary cavitation were identified. Thus, in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, P carinii, per se, may result in lung necrosis and cavitation, possibly through the mechanism of necrotizing angiitis.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

[Renal vein thrombosis in nephrotic syndrome--a prospective study of 54 cases].

Recent advance of radiographic technique makes antemortem diagnosis of renal vein thrombosis (RVT) possible. However the incidence of RVT in patients with nephrotic syndrome(NS) is still not known. This study was designed to investigate the incidence, clinical presentation and radiological features of RVT in NS patients in China. A prospective study including clinical, and pathological examination as well as renal venogram was carried out in all our hospitalized NS patients except those having contradiction for renal venogram. RVT was found in 23 of the 54 cases (42%) and there was obstruction in 34 renal vein branches. RVT was more common in left (19) than right side (15), in upper (19) than middle and lower branches (10). It is interesting that in our group not only membranous but also minimal change as well as mesangium proliferative glomerulonephritis had high incidence of RVT (47%, 45% and 36% respectively) Only 6 cases (26%) had a typical acute presentation with severe loin pain, significant increase of urinary protein, enlargement of involved kidney. Occasionally fever, deterioration of renal function and sterile urinary white cells were also present. The remaining patients (74%) had latent onset of RVT which could hardly be identified in the clinical course of the underlying NS. For the high incidence and atypical clinical course of RVT shown in our study, it is recommended that due attention should be paid of this complication during management of NS and interpretation of therapeutic response.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Co-localization of LH beta and FSH beta mRNAS in the porcine anterior pituitary by in situ hybridization with biotinylated probes.

The localizations of mRNAs encoding LH beta and FSH beta in porcine pituitary were investigated by in situ hybridization technique. Biotinylated porcine LH beta and FSH beta cDNA probes were used on frozen sections of paraformaldehyde-fixed pituitary specimens. Hybridizations to both mRNAs were observed specifically in cytoplasm with unstained nuclei. Furthermore, cells hybridized for LH beta mRNA were demonstrated to be identical to those for FSH beta mRNA. This study provided the first morphological evidence that both gonadotropin beta genes are expressed in the same cell.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Characterization of the genome of a vaccine strain of canine adenovirus type 1.

Restriction endonuclease cleavage maps have been constructed for the genome of a canine adenovirus type 1 (CAV-1) vaccine strain (CLL; Connaught Laboratories, Ltd., Willowdale, Ontario). Restriction enzyme analyses were also carried out on CAV-1 (CLL) genomes isolated from viral stocks over 8 serial passages in a dog kidney cell line (DK 6722). The right hand 20% of the genome became more heterogeneous in size with increasing passage in DK 6722 cells due to deletions up to 3-4 kb, whereas the left terminal region was stable throughout these passages. A comparative study of CAV-1(CLL) and a virulent strain of CAV-1, Glaxo, revealed that the genome of CAV-1(CLL) was the shorter, by about 480 bp, within the region covering 0.83-0.91 map units. By virtue of its location within the genome and its dispensable nature for viral growth, this region would appear to encompass a genetic sequence corresponding to the E3 region of human adenoviruses. In terms of viral attenuation, the possible importance of the observed differences between CAV-1(CLL) and CAV-1(Glaxo) is discussed.

Adenoviruses, Canine↗
PubMed1987

Accessibility and multivalency of immobilized Cibacron blue F3GA.

The effect of immobilized dye concentration on protein complexation was observed using zonal chromatography. A monomeric protein, octopine dehydrogenase, was retained by a single interaction to a Sepharose CL-6B column containing 11.6 mM immobilized Cibacron blue F3GA. By contrast, a tetrameric protein, lactate dehydrogenase, was retained by the same column by multiple interactions. The degree of multiple interactions was found to systematically increase with increasing immobilized dye concentration. The concentration of immobilized dye accessible to protein was found to be inversely related to the concentration of ionic components in the solvent. Zonal chromatographic measurements of free dye and unconjugated matrix suggest that increasing the concentration of ionic components promotes the adsorption of immobilized dye to the adjacent matrix surface. Such adsorption markedly affects both the capacity of an immobilized dye column and the multiplicity of its interaction with oligomeric proteins.

Enzymes, Immobilized↗
PubMed1987

Multiple reiteration of a 40-bp nucleotide sequence in the inverted terminal repeat of the genome of a canine adenovirus.

The DNA of a vaccine strain of canine adenovirus type 1 [ICHV vaccine; Connaught Laboratories, Ltd.; CAV-1(CLL)] has been cloned in plasmid pAT153 in the form of subgenomic BamHI digestion fragments. Analysis of the nucleotide sequences of cloned terminal fragments has revealed an inverted terminal repeat (ITR) with a minimum length of 198 nucleotides, including a tandem reiteration of the 40-bp nucleotide sequence from positions 14 to 53. The ITRs had the 5'-CATCATCAAT ... sequence typical of adenoviruses and the highly conserved sequence ATAATATAC (nucleotides 9-17) of human strains. Additionally, one BamHI A clone (left terminus) contained three sequential copies of the 40-bp sequence, and two BamHI C clones (right terminus) contained at least seven. These did not appear to be artifacts of cloning, since evidence was obtained that the multiple reiterations also occurred in DNA isolated from intact virus. By analogy with human adenoviruses, the repetitive sequence in the CAV-1(CLL) genome encompasses the entire nuclear factor I (NFI) binding site of the origin of DNA replication. Additionally, the 40-bp nucleotide sequence was found to contain the sequence AGG(N)4GCCTAA (nucleotides 27-39), which closely resembles the concensus sequence of the human adenovirus NFI binding site [TGG(N)6-7GCCAA; nucleotides 25-38]. It appears, therefore, that the Connaught CAV-1 vaccine contains reiterated copies of an essential part of the adenoviral origin of DNA replication. A mechanism is proposed for the generation of multiple reiterations of sequences in the right ITR, given an initial single tandem repeat in the left ITR.

Adenoviridae↗