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Y C Chiang

Publications and source records attributed to Y C Chiang.

107 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Riu's stain in the diagnosis of pulmonary cryptococcosis. Introduction of a new diagnostic method.

Pulmonary cryptococcosis is thought to be a rare disease. Clinically, it presents no characteristic symptoms, signs or chest x-ray film findings. Most of the reported cases of pulmonary cryptococcosis were not diagnosed either antemortem or before surgical intervention. A simple diagnostic method, Riu's stain, can be used routinely in bronchoscopic brushing smears, or for needle aspiration cytologic studies, making pulmonary cryptococcosis easy to diagnose.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Corticosteroids in the treatment of tuberculous pleurisy. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study.

A prospective, double-blind, randomized study of the role of corticosteroids in the treatment of tuberculous pleurisy was performed in 40 patients. All patients received adequate antituberculosis chemotherapy (isoniazid, 300 mg/day; rifampin, 450 mg/day; ethambutol, 20 mg/kg/day) for more than nine months. They were randomly assigned to take prednisolone 0.75 mg/kg/day orally or placebo for the initial treatment, which was tapered gradually for the next two to three months. Twenty-one were treated with steroids and 19 were given a placebo. The two groups were identical with regard to age, sex, duration from onset of symptoms to diagnosis, and initial amount of pleural effusion. The mean duration from symptoms (fever, chest pain, dyspnea) to relief was 2.4 days in the steroid-treated group, and 9.2 days in the placebo group (p less than 0.05). Complete reabsorption of pleural effusion occurred an average of 54.5 days in the steroid-treated group and 123.2 days in the placebo group (p less than 0.01). The development of residual pleural thickening was not influenced by the administration of corticosteroids. No serious side effects were noted during the treatment in either group. We conclude that the administration of corticosteroids, in conjunction with antituberculosis chemotherapy, will resolve the clinical symptoms more quickly and hasten the absorption of pleural effusion in patients with tuberculous pleurisy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Inhibition of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase by L-659,699.

A beta-lactone isolated from Fusarium sp. has been shown to be a potent specific inhibitor of the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) synthase [(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA acetoacetyl-CoA-lyase (CoA-acetylating), EC, 4.1.3.5] from rat liver. The structure of this beta-lactone, termed L-659,699, is (E,E)-11-[3-(hydroxy-methyl)-4-oxo-2-oxytanyl]-3,5,7-trimethyl-2,4 - undecadienenoic acid. A partially purified preparation of cytoplasmic HMG-CoA synthase from rat liver was inhibited by L-659,699 with an IC50 of 0.12 microM. The enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, beta-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase, and fatty acid synthase were not inhibited to any extent by this compound. In cultured Hep G2 cells, the compound inhibited the incorporation of [14C]acetate into sterols with an IC50 of 6 microM, while incorporation of [3H]mevalonate into sterols in these cells was not affected. The activity of HMG-CoA reductase in the cultured Hep G2 cells was induced in a dose-dependent manner by incubation with L-659,699. A 37-fold increase in reductase was observed after a 24-hr incubation with 62 microM L-659,699. The effect of a number of analogs of L-659,699 on HMG-CoA synthase is also discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Extraoral sagittal osteotomy of the mandibular ramus.

A new type of extraoral sagittal osteotomy of the mandibular ramis and retromolar region is described. This is a simple and versatile procedure which may may be used in the correction of prognathism, retrognathism, open bite, and mandibular asymmetry. The procedure shares all the advantages of the intraoral sagittal osteotomy of the mandibular ramus and has several other advantages as well. A case is presented for illustration.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Imaging in pediatric liver transplantation.

In liver transplantation, the role of the imaging study in the evaluation of transplant candidacy is to define the conditions in which transplantation is contraindicated and to identify anatomic variations that may alter the surgical approach. Among pediatric recipients, the largest numbers of patients were suffering from biliary atresia, and metabolic diseases. Acquired and congenital vascular anomalies are usually associated with biliary atresia which may be hazardous to liver transplantation requiring a modification of standard surgical procedure. Therefore, confirmation of the patency of the vascular structure is the most essential prerequisite especially in living related liver transplantation. From June 17, 1994 to November 30, 1996, eleven living related liver transplantations were performed at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center. The left liver or the left lateral segment of the liver was used as the graft. It is necessary to keep patency of the inflow and outflow of hepatic vessels and biliary trees of both donor and recipient. Both resected and remnant livers have to function well postoperatively. In order to achieve parenchyma dissection with minimal hepatic damage, various anatomical variations of the liver size, portal vein, hepatic veins and bile duct of the donor cannot be ignored. Therefore, the precise preoperative anatomical evaluation of the donor using various imaging modalities is mandatory for the safe partial liver transplantation. Ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance image and three dimensional computed tomographic cholangiography are the method of choice in demonstrating the anatomical structures. After the complex anatomical factors can be well evaluated we can assess the appropriateness and feasibility of the procedure that may correct problems during or after transplantation. Finally, noninvasive and safe examination procedures are our outmost concern and policy in doing this survey.

Angiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Histopathology of the liver in pediatric patients following transplantation.

Recognition of rejection and other hepatic complications by needle biopsy plays a significant role in the management of liver allograft recipients. In this report, 22 pediatric patients (below 18 years old) were selected from the 37 liver transplants. Seven of the 22 cases have an uneventful posttransplant course. The most common cause of allograft injury in these patients appeared to be acute cellular rejection. It occurred in 7 (31.8%) of the 22 cases and was the primary process in 8 of the 25 episodes of liver dysfunction. Other etiologies, such as opportunistic viral infection (3 cases), biliary obstruction (2 cases), preservation injury (1 case), and vascular obstruction (1 case) were less common. Acute graft rejection causing liver dysfunction was associated with a mixed portal inflammation, destruction of the interlobular bile ducts, and varied degree of venous endotheliitis, followed by centrilobular hepatocyte necrosis. Chronic rejection was not seen in our pediatric cases. Cold ischemic injury causing transient graft dysfunction as seen in one of our patients demonstrated focal, limited areas of hepatocyte necrosis, mild centrilobular hepatocyte ballooning, and cholestasis without evidence of bile duct damage. More severe ischemic injury resulted from vascular complication causing diffuse hepatocyte necrosis was seen in one patient with hepatic vein thrombosis. The histologic patterns observed were not pathognomic; however, liver biopsies were helpful in suggesting the probable cause of liver dysfunction and in predicting subsequent allograft recovery when used in conjunction with clinical information, radiologic, and other laboratory tests.

Adolescent↗