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Biomedical subjects

Y Bertrand

Publications and source records attributed to Y Bertrand.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Posttraumatic stress disorder.

Posttraumatic stress disorder is an affective disorder resulting from external stress that is beyond what is usual and tolerable for most people. Symptomatology includes particularly intrusive thoughts or dreams and a conscious avoidance of feelings, ideas, or situations related to stressful event. Some psychological reactions seen in the intensive care units can meet the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress.

Critical Care↗
PubMed1987

[Hyponatremia and elevated hematocrit in nephrotic syndrome].

We report the cases of 2 children in whom, during active nephrotic syndrome, simultaneous dilutional hyponatremia and increased hematocrit were observed. Fluid and electrolyte disorders rapidly became normal after albumin infusion, sodium and water restriction and diuretic administration. Increased hematocrit level, which reflects the decreased intravascular compartment, is observed rarely in the course of nephrotic syndrome and should not lead to administering water and salt. The mechanisms which control the salt-water balance in the course of the nephrotic syndrome remain unclear.

Child↗
PubMed1986

Human parvovirus and aplastic crisis in chronic hemolytic anemias: a study of 24 observations.

From March 1984 through November 1985, 24 children and adults with aplastic crises were admitted in several Parisian hospitals. Twelve patients had known hemolytic anemia. Aplastic crisis revealed hemolytic anemia in the remaining patients. The detection of human parvovirus antigen was performed by counter-immunoelectrophoresis, and specific IgM antibodies were detected by IgM-antibody-capture-radioimmunoassay, in order to establish the incidence of human parvovirus infection in the genesis of the aplastic crisis. Twenty-one patients had acute infection with human parvovirus. In the three remaining patients, no marker of human parvovirus infection was found. The features of the human parvovirus linked aplastic crisis are described. We consider that human parvovirus infection, and unknown hemolytic anemia, must be systematically researched in any case of unexplained acute aplastic anemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

[Parvovirus B 19 infections].

We report the human parvovirus (HPV) infection cases diagnosed in 1984 and 1985 in the virological laboratory of C.N.T.S. Detection of viral antigen and total anti-HPV antibodies was performed by electroimmunodiffusion, and specific IgM by antibody-capture-radioimmunoassay. Seven viraemias were found in 38,730 sera sent for detection of hepatitis A and B markers. Twenty-two observations of aplastic crisis are described, with underlying haemolytic anaemias in 21 cases. HPV infection was serologically proven in 4 cases out of 22 rubeolelike illness, and, in 17 cases out of 17 erythema infectiosum (fifth disease). Four cases of vascular purpura (one of which was Schonlein-Henoch purpura) were studied, and HPV antigen was isolated in 2 cases. An observation of arthropathies in a young adult is described. Finally, 2 spontaneous abortions were simultaneous to an HPV infection. Our study allows us to underline the following points: HPV is the principal (but not exclusive) agent of the aplastic crisis in chronic haemolytic anaemias; these acute erythroblastopenias can reveal an unknown haemolytic anaemia, in particular in hereditary spherocytosis; the polymorphism of the clinical expression of HPV infection is important. Some viraemias are asymptomatic, while others are accompanied by vascular purpura, or atypic erythema; HPV has never been isolated in the fifth disease. Nonetheless bringing out of specific IgM and association of HPV infection linked manifestations in a same patient or in a same family shows its responsibility in the fifth disease; HPV responsibility in spontaneous abortions and fetal malformations remains to be demonstrated.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1986

Consumption of pentane by hepatic microsomes and consequences on pentane measurement in exhaled gases.

Pentane measurement in exhaled gases was proposed as a safe method to evaluate the importance of lipoperoxidation in vivo, in man and in animals. However we have observed that pentane, which arises from lipoperoxide decomposition, is significantly consumed by cytochrome P-450-rich liver microsomes. This pentane consumption is completely inhibited after heating the microsomes at 100 degrees C, and is considerably reduced by metyrapone, a cytochrome P-450 inhibitor. Hepatic metabolism of pentane, particularly after cytochrome P-450 induction, constitutes a risk of error, when pentane exhalation is taken as an index of lipoperoxidation in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Oxygen-free radicals and lipid peroxidation in adult respiratory distress syndrome.

Activated species of oxygen have been implicated as mediators of some acute lung injury. In adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), polymorphonuclear leukocytes accumulate in the lung and release excessive amounts of O2-derived products into the extracellular environment. The effects of these O2 products on lung tissue are multiple. In particular, they can initiate lipid peroxydation in cellular membranes. Excessive lipid peroxydation in membranes destroys cells such as vascular endothelium. Lipid peroxides are also detrimental to cellular functions. Lipid peroxydation could then play a role in the pathogenesis of ARDS.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Lipid peroxidation and alpha-tocopherol during an acute respiratory failure after near drowning.

We compare two patients admitted after near drowning. Both presented a severe metabolic acidosis, but only one of them developed an acute pulmonary edema with hypoxemia. An increase of lipid peroxides associated with a reduction of vitamin E concentration has been observed in this later patient. Lipid peroxidation, one of the important causes of disruption of cellular membranes after some injuries, could be implicated in the pathogenesis of lung edema in this patient.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Clinical application of a calculator assisted monitoring for the hemodynamic parameters. Part II.

This report is a brief clinical discussion about the pathophysiologic changes with four patients in shock. The hemodynamic pattern of each patient has been obtained from directly measured values on monitoring and from parameters calculated by existing formulas on a calculator HP 41C. This hemodynamic pattern has been used to formulate a pathophysiologic patient profile in shock and to have a correct therapeutic approach.

Adult↗