Coronary vasospasm after interferon administration.
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Ban
Publications and source records attributed to Y Ban.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with apical left ventricular aneurysm.
We report a case of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with apical left ventricular aneurysm, which is difficult to review because cases are so rare. A 54-year-old Japanese man was first found to have an electrocardiographic abnormality (T-wave inversion at rest) 19 years ago, and non-obstructive apical HCM without identifiable cause was diagnosed by echocardiography, left ventriculography, and clinical findings. After 19 years, he was admitted because of repeated episodes of palpitation and chest oppression at rest. Widespread left ventricular hypertrophy from the anteroseptal wall to the apex with an apical left ventricular aneurysm was detected by echocardiography, left ventriculography, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Histologic examination of the hypertrophic apical myocardium surrounding the aneurysm showed that the myocardial tissue had been extensively replaced by fibrous tissue containing hypertrophic myocardial fibers, and uptakes of [123I]-metaiodobenzyl guanidine (MIBG) and [123I-] beta-methyliodophenyl pentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) in single-photon emission photography images were reduced despite high myocardial perfusion. On the other hand, histologic examination of the hypertrophic anterior wall revealed myocardial hypertrophy with disorganization; myocardial perfusion and the uptakes of MIBG and BMIPP were preserved. Abnormalities of myocardial fatty acid metabolism and sympathetic neuron activity with preserved perfusion flow and histologic changes such as fibrosis in the apical wall are indicative of apical myocardial injury or ischemia (infarction) without coronary artery stenosis; apical aneurysm may have occurred in severe apical HCM with cavity obliteration up to the midventricular level.
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic↗
A calcium agonist, Bay k 8644, suppresses the embryotoxic effects induced by dihydropyridines calcium channel blockers in cultured rat embryos.
Day 9 rat embryos were exposed to 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers; nifedipine (NIF), nicardipine (NIC) or nitrendipine (NIT), for 48 hr in the whole embryo culture system. There were dose-dependent growth retardation and abnormalities, predominantly in cardiovascular system. The three compounds exhibited very similar pattern of dysmorphogenic effects, but the potency of these compounds were quantitatively different. The incidences of embryos with the abnormalities were 100%, 100% and 85% following either exposure of NIF, NIC or NIT at concentration of 300, 8 and 15 microM, respectively. This study was to investigate whether these blocker-induced embryotoxicity was due to calcium channel blocking properties themselves in the embryos. Day 9 rat embryos were co-exposed to 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel agonist, Bay k 8644 (BAY) and each calcium channel blocker under the same culture condition. The retarded embryonic growth induced by 200 or 300 microM of NIF, 8 microM of NIC and 15 microM of NIT nearly of completely ameliorated when embryos were co-exposed with BAY at one-third or half concentration of each calcium channel blocker. Supplementation of BAY reduced the incidence of abnormalities by NIF-, NIC- and NIT-alone. These results suggested that one of mechanisms for embryotoxicity induced by calcium channel blocker was directly related to channel blocking property of the chemicals.
3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethy↗
[Fleroxacin treatment for acute uncomplicated cystitis in women: comparison of 3-day and 7-day therapy].
The clinical efficacy of fleroxacin (FLRX), a new fluoroquinolone, for acute uncomplicated cystitis (AUC) in women was assessed. Two regimens, 3-day and 7-day courses of FLRX, 200 mg once a day, were compared. Clinical and bacteriological efficacy were evaluated after the therapy, and recurrence rate was evaluated 1 week and 4 weeks after termination of the therapy. Of 136 registered subjects, 35 in the 3-day group and 47 in the 7-day group were evaluated. According to the criteria of Japanese UTI Committee (3rd edition), the rate of excellent results was significantly higher in the 7-day group (78.9%) than in the 3-day group (48.6%), but the overall clinical efficacy rate was similar being 100% and 97.9%, respectively. Although no recurrence was seen 1 week after the therapy in either group, recurrence was seen in 14.3% and 7.4% of the cases in the 3-day and 7-day groups, respectively, 4 weeks after the therapy. Adverse reactions were observed in 2 and 3 cases in the 3-day and 7-day groups, respectively. Both 3-day and 7-day regimens of FLRX treatment showed good efficacy. Although the 7-day treatment was superior to the 3-day treatment as to high rate of excellent results and low rate of recurrence, the 3-day treatment was concluded to be sufficient for AUC.
Adult↗
A culture model of development reveals multiple properties of RPE tight junctions.
PURPOSE: A culture model was used to examine the development of tight junctions in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). METHODS: Chick RPE was isolated on embryonic day 7 (E7), E10 or E14 and cultured on laminin-coated filters. Barrier properties were stimulated with E14 retinal conditioned medium. Morphology was characterized by confocal microscopy. Permeability was determined by measuring the flux of horseradish peroxidase (HRP), radiolabeled inulin and mannitol, and the transepithelial electrical resistance (TER). Changes in the expression of ZO-1 and a related protein, ZO-1LP, were determined by immunoblotting. RESULTS: RPE from each age formed epithelial monolayers of similar height, but the density of the cultures varied in parallel with density changes in vivo. The cultures appeared to regulate the permeability to ions and nonionic solutes independently. With embryonic age, there was a progressive decrease in permeability that first affected larger and then smaller tracers. Despite a small decrease in the permeability to mannitol, there was a large decrease in the permeability to ions. This suggests that in E14 cultures tight junctions discriminated by charge, as well as size. Although E14 retinal conditioned medium reduced the permeability to all solutes, it appeared to regulate size discrimination more than charge discrimination. Despite large effects on permeability, conditioned medium had no effect on the expression of ZO-1 or ZO-1LP. CONCLUSIONS: The ability of tight junctions to discriminate on the basis of charge and size is regulated independently during development. The permeability of tight junctions cannot be predicted by the level of ZO-1 expression.
Animals↗
Development of vasoactive intestinal peptide mRNA rhythm in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus.
Development of the daily rhythm of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) mRNA in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), a main locus of circadian oscillation, was investigated by in situ hybridization. The phenotypic expression of VIP neurons occurred in two developmental stages in the ventrolateral portion of the SCN (VLSCN): the first was found before birth in the rostral part, and the second occurred in the main part between postnatal day (P) 10 and P20. The latter period coincided with the time that the massive VIP-efferent fibers project to the subparaventricular zone. In the adult and P20, the VIP mRNA signals of the SCN showed a clear diurnal rhythm with a trough in the light phase and a peak in the dark phase under light/dark (LD) conditions, but under constant dark (DD) conditions, no VIP mRNA fluctuations were observed. At P10, however, it was found that SCN VIP mRNA showed a peak at the transition from night to day and a trough at early dark period in LD conditions, in sharp contrast to the night peak in the adult rhythm. In DD conditions, a light-phase peak and a dark-phase trough were also observed at P10, contrasting the arrhythmic feature at adult stage. The present findings suggest that daily VIP rhythm was first generated in the early developed clock-controlled rostral SCN neurons, and later regulated by light-dependent main VLSCN neurons.
Age Factors↗
Elevation of circulating proadrenomedullin-N terminal 20-peptide in thyrotoxicosis.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Adrenomedullin (AM) is a recently discovered peptide which has potent vasodilatory activity. We have found that the plasma adrenomedullin level is elevated in hyperthyroidism, suggesting a potential role of AM in the decrease of vascular resistance in thyrotoxicosis. Proadrenomedullin, a precursor of adrenomedullin, yields another peptide termed proadrenomedullin-N terminal 20-peptide (PAMP). PAMP also has potent vasodilatory activity. Although the regulation of secretion of AM and PAMP is not fully understood and the mechanism by which the plasma AM level is elevated in hyperthyroidism remains unknown, it is of interest to determine the plasma concentration of PAMP in thyrotoxicosis. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: We measured the plasma concentration of immunoreactive AM and PAMP in newly recruited untreated thyrotoxic Graves' patients using specific antibodies to each peptide. RESULTS: Not only AM, but also the plasma concentration of PAMP in thyrotoxic patients was significantly (P < 0.01) elevated (4.7 +/- 0.9 pmol/l), compared to that in control subjects (2.6 +/- 0.8 pmol/l). The correlation was marginally significant between the plasma AM concentration and serum free thyroid hormone levels. The plasma PAMP level tended to be more elevated when thyrotoxicosis was severe but the correlation was not statistically significant. Correlation was not demonstrated between the AM and PAMP levels in thyrotoxic patients. CONCLUSIONS: Elevation of the plasma adrenomedullin and proadrenomedullin-N terminal 20-peptide levels raises the possibility of involvement of these vasodilatory peptides in the haemodynamic changes in thyrotoxicosis.
Adolescent↗
CTLA4 gene polymorphism confers susceptibility to Graves' disease in Japanese.
Susceptibility to Graves' disease (GD) is determined by environmental and genetic factors. The genetic susceptibility to GD is conferred by genes in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA), and several other genes unlinked to HLA are thought to contribute to the development of GD. Three recent papers described the association of GD with the CTLA-4 gene. CTLA-4 is a candidate gene for T-cell mediated autoimmune diseases because it is a negative regulator of T-cell proliferation. As CTLA-4 association with GD may be influenced by the racial composition of the population, it is important to study it in other ethnic groups. We investigated the distribution of CTLA-4 gene polymorphism in 153 Japanese patients with GD (35 males and 118 females) and 200 controls (96 males and 104 females). An A/G transition at position 49 of exon 1 was analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The distribution of genotype frequencies differs between GD and controls (chi2 = 9.46, 2 degrees of freedom, p < 0.01). The presence of at least one G allele (GG or AG) conferred an odds ratio of 2.64 (95% CI = 1.92-3.36). The present study supported the association of the CTLA-4 gene with GD in Japanese and showed that the CTLA4 gene could be one of the non-HLA linked susceptibility genes for GD.
Abatacept↗
Alterations in the GyrA subunit of DNA gyrase and the ParC subunit of topoisomerase IV in quinolone-resistant clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
We determined a partial sequence of the Klebsiella pneumoniae parC gene, including the region analogous to the quinolone resistance-determining region of the Escherichia coli gyrA gene, and examined 26 clinical strains of K. pneumoniae for an association of alterations in GyrA and ParC with susceptibilities to quinolones. The study suggests that in K. pneumoniae DNA gyrase is a primary target of quinolones and that ParC alterations play a complementary role in the development of higher-level fluoroquinolone resistance.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Absence of antibodies to ICA512/IA-2 in NIDDM patients with the mitochondrial DNA bp 3243 mutation.
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Adult↗
[Optimization of the solvent system in thin-layer chromatography (TLC)].
Much effort in TLC has been devoted to optimization methods of solvent system in order to get best separation of components. Various optimization methods have been established, but the universality of some methods was poor. They were only applicable to samples of known components. This paper reports a complex method. When the complexity of the solvent system was determined, uniform design was used to arrange experiments, the data obtained from scanning chromatogram were input computer to get regression equation. The precision of the regression equation should be judged at first. If the precision was proper, the regression equation could be input the program of the complex method to obtain the composition of the solvent system. Optimization results were dichloroethane-benzene-methanol (4.81:4.42:0.78) for cortical hormone; toluene-ethanol-dichloroethane-trichloromethane (2.30:1.46:3.32:2.92) for sulfa drugs and trichloromethane-methanol-ethyl acetate (3.30:3.29:3.41) for ginkgo biloba. Then the verification experiment was made. The verifying test showed that the experimental results are identical with the calculated ones.
Chloroform↗
[Diagnosis and follow-up of prostate cancer patients using prostate specific antigen (PSA)].
An international standard of prostate specific antigen (PSA) assays was constructed and prognosis of the patients with prostate cancers showing gray zone PSA was studied. For lower levels of serum PSA (< 50 ng/ml), the conversion formula to that of Tandem-R PSA from other assays was presented. Furthermore, based on the standards of Stanford Reference and Markit-MPA, conversion rates to this international standard from the conventional PSA assays were also obtained. Patients' cancer-specific survival was found to be significantly better in the gray zone group. Further studies to obtain higher specificity such as using free or complex rate in total PSA is necessary.
Follow-Up Studies↗
[Clinical evaluation of nitrite test for the detection of bacteriuria].
A nitrite test for bacteriuria was compared with routine microscopic examination in 1,318 clinical urine specimens and with bacterial culture in 132. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and accuracy rate are as follows; for diagnosis of bacteriuria more than 10(4) CFU/ml, 53.4%, 88.6%, 90.4 and 65.2%, respectively; for more than 10(5) CFU/ml, 55.4%, 87.8%, 88.4% and 67.2%, respectively. The positive rate for the nitrite test was 21.4% for bacteriuria of > or = 10(4) CFU/ml in gram positive cocci and 56.9% in gram negative rods. False negative results were obtained from gram positive cocci without nitrate reductive activity or from patients with acute uncomplicated cystitis because of insufficient incubation time in urinary tract. However, this simple test is valuable in the detection of bacteriuria in clinical practice with high specificity.
Bacteria↗
Suppressive effects of Bay K 8644 on toxicity of calcium channel blockers in cultured rat embryos.
Previous study revealed that calcium channel blockers (CCBs) reduced embryonic heart rates (HRs) and produced morphological abnormalities when Gestational Day (GD) 11.5 rat embryos were cultured for 20 hr. The present study was to investigate whether a calcium channel agonist, Bay K 8644 (BAY), prevented CCB-induced embryotoxicity in vitro. GD 11.5 embryos were exposed to nifedipine (NIF), diltiazem (DIL), and verapamil (VER) either alone or in combination with BAY at 0.1, 1.0, and 10 micrograms/ml. These doses of BAY alone had no effect on gross morphology. Embryonic HRs were increased at 10 micrograms/ml of BAY, but were within control levels at 0.1 and 1.0 microgram/ml. The doses of NIF, DIL, and VER were 40, 6.0, and 2.0 micrograms/ml, respectively, and were the minimum concentrations to produce a 100% effect on morphological abnormalities. Embryonic HRs were reduced to 22, 31, and 34% below control levels in the NIF, DIL, and VER groups, respectively. The negative chronotropic effects of CCBs were inhibited by coadministration with BAY, depending on its concentration. When embryos exposed to each CCB were supplemented with BAY at 1.0 or 10 micrograms/ml, embryonic HRs were comparable to those of controls. Combined exposures of each CCB and 10 micrograms/ml BAY did not cause any morphological abnormalities. These results suggested that mechanisms of CCB embryotoxicity were directly related to pharmacological consequences of calcium channel blockage in developing rats.
3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethy↗
Elevated plasma adrenomedullin level in hyperthyroidism.
Adrenomedullin is a recently discovered peptide that was first purified from phaeochromocytoma tissue and has marked vasodilatory activity, causing hypotension. In thyrotoxicosis, various haemodynamic changes are observed, including an increase in cardiac output and heart rate with a concomitant decrease in peripheral vascular resistance. To evaluate the mechanism underlying these haemodynamic changes in thyrotoxicosis, we measured the plasma adrenomedullin concentration in thyrotoxic patients with Graves' disease. The plasma concentration of adrenomedullin was elevated in hyperthyroid patients (14.7 +/- 5.7 pmol L-1) compared with euthyroid control subjects (5.6 +/- 1.3 pmol L-1) (P < 0.001). The correlation between the plasma adrenomedullin concentration and serum free thyroid hormone levels was marginally significant. The mean blood pressure was relatively low in the face of an elevated plasma adrenomedullin level. Adrenomedullin may therefore be responsible for the vasodilatation observed in thyrotoxicosis.
Adrenomedullin↗
Mild resistance to thyroid hormone with a truncated thyroid hormone receptor beta.
Recent studies have revealed mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor beta (TR beta) gene as a cause of the most cases of the thyroid hormone resistance syndrome. We have identified a novel nonsense mutation in codon 449 in the 3' end of exon 10 in the TR beta gene in a 16-year-old male patient with generalized resistance to thyroid hormone who also had familial thyroxine binding globulin deficiency. Receptor protein generated from this gene is thought to be 13 amino acid deficient at carboxy-terminus. Resistance to thyroid hormone was mild at least when the patient was evaluated. The patient was eumetabolic in the presence of elevated plasma-free thyroid hormone levels, and both thyrotrope and peripheral tissues responded to triiodothyronine (T3) administration. This mildness of resistance is in contrast to severe resistance to thyroid hormone in two previously reported cases with truncated receptors in which 16 amino acids or 11 amino acids were deficient at C-terminus. Thus, truncation of C-terminus of thyroid hormone receptor beta does not uniformly produce sever resistance.
Adolescent↗
Plasma selectin levels in patients with Graves' disease.
Adhesion molecules relate to cell invasion of autoimmune thyroid disease. We studied plasma soluble P-Selectin (platelet activation-dependent granule-external membrane protein), E-Selectin (endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule) and L-Selectin (leukocyte endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1) levels in patients with Graves' disease before and during methimazole treatment. Plasma P-, E- and L-Selectin levels in patients with untreated Graves' disease were significantly higher than those in normal subjects. Plasma P-Selectin levels decreased when their thyroid functions were normal for more than 6 months after the start of methimazole treatment. No significant change in plasma E- and L-Selectin levels in patients with Graves' disease was found between hyperthyroid state and euthyroid state after the start of methimazole treatment, but plasma L-Selectin levels in patients with untreated Graves' disease were significantly lower than those in the patients in the first euthyroid state. There was no significant correlation between plasma P-Selectin levels and serum FT4 levels, nor between plasma P-Selectin levels and serum FT3 levels. These results suggested that thyroid hormones might reflect expression of P-, L- and E-Selectin from endothelial cells, or lymphocytes, or platelets in patients with Graves' disease.
Adult↗
[Leiomyosarcoma of the scrotum: a case report].
A case of leiomyosarcoma of the scrotum is reported. A 44-year-old man referred to our hospital with the complaint of swelling of the left scrotal contents. The lesion was about 3 cm in diameter, isolated from testis, epididymis and spermatic cord. Ultrasonography revealed hypoechoic and slightly heterogenic area in the lesion. Surgical resection was easily done. Histological examination showed leiomyosarcoma. Adjuvant therapy was not performed. Three years after the resection, he is alive without any sign of recurrence or metastasis.
Adult↗