Biomedical subjects

Y Auramo

Publications and source records attributed to Y Auramo.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1996

Otoneurological expert system.

An otoneurological expert system was developed to help collect data and diagnose both central and peripheral diseases causing vertigo. Patient history and otoneurological and other examination results are used in the reasoning process. The case history data can be either mandatory or supportive. Mandatory questions are used to confirm a diagnosis, and conflicting answers are used to reject an unlikely disease. Supportive questions support or suppress a diagnosis, but their presence is not obligatory. The reasoning procedure of the otoneurological expert system scores every question independently for different diagnoses, depending on how well they agree with the symptom entity of a disease. Diagnostic criteria are set for each disease. Graphic displays illustrate the linear and nonlinear correlation between the symptoms and diseases. Emphasis is placed on diminishing the possibility of a wrong decision rather than maximizing the likelihood of reaching only one right decision, so that even rare diseases can be taken into consideration.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗

PubMed1995

Graphical user interface for the analysis of noise induced hearing loss.

We have developed a Windows-based computer program which will help the user to collect data needed for calculation models of noise induced hearing loss (NIHL). The program has a graphical user interface and it includes several methods to calculate NIHL. We have tried to make our system to cover all the factors concerning NIHL and also to take into account other possible reasons of hearing loss. The system is used not only for estimating noise induced hearing loss, but also as a systematic way to collect data for future evolution of new models and for other research purposes. For this sake the program asks some questions that are not currently included to these models, but which have been shown to have some impact on noise induced hearing loss.

Computer Graphics↗

PubMed1995

Comparison of inference results of two otoneurological expert systems.

In this paper, two different otoneurological expert systems, Vertigo and One, the latter developed by us, are considered. The expert systems are evaluated as regards their correctness in reasoning diagnoses. In the light of our data collected from randomly selected test patients, One, being a newer technique, is more effective, since it could infer more cases than vertigo did. All the data was also evaluated and diagnosed by otoneurological specialists, independently of the expert systems, to guarantee objectivity in evaluation of the results of the expert systems.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMed1995

Database for vertigo.

An interactive database has been developed to assist the diagnostic procedure for vertigo and to store the data. The database offers a possibility to split and reunite the collected information when needed. It contains detailed information about a patient's history, symptoms, and findings in otoneurologic, audiologic, and imaging tests. The symptoms are classified into sets of questions on vertigo (including postural instability), hearing loss and tinnitus, and provoking factors. Confounding disorders are screened. The otoneurologic tests involve saccades, smooth pursuit, posturography, and a caloric test. In addition, findings from specific antibody tests, clinical neurotologic tests, magnetic resonance imaging, brain stem audiometry, and electrocochleography are included. The input information can be applied to workups for vertigo in an expert system called ONE. The database assists its user in that the input of information is easy. If not only can be used for diagnostic purposes but is also beneficial for research, and in combination with the expert system, it provides a tutorial guide for medical students.

Anxiety↗

PubMed1995

Computer assisted data collection in vestibular disorders.

We have developed an interactive database for vertigo than can be used to assist in the diagnostic procedure and to store the data in a form of a database. The database offers the possibility to split and reunite the collected information in a desired way. The database contains detailed information about patient history, symptoms and findings in neurotological, audiological and imaging tests. The symptoms are classified into three sets of questions: vertigo (including postural instability), hearing loss and tinnitus, and provoking factors. Confounding disorders are screened. The neurotological tests involve saccades, smooth pursuit, posturography and caloric test. In addition, findings in specified antibody testing, clinical neurotological tests. MRI, brain stem audiometry and electrocochleography are included. The input information can be applied in an expert system ONE for vertigo work-up. The database is user-friendly. Besides diagnostic purposes the database is excellent for research purposes, and combined with the expert system it works as a tutorial guide for medical students.

Artificial Intelligence↗

PubMed1995

Reasoning in expert system ONE for vertigo work-up.

An otoneurological expert system (ONE) was developed to help collect data and diagnose the work-up of vertigo of both central and peripheral diseases causing vertigo. Patient history and otoneurological and other examination results are used in the reasoning process. The history is interactively collected and is complemented with clinical examination results. The case history data can be either mandatory or supportive. Mandatory questions are used to confirm a diagnosis, and conflicting answers are used to reject an unlikely disease. Supportive questions support or suppress a diagnosis, but their presence is not obligatory. The reasoning procedure of ONE scores every question independently for different diagnoses, depending on how well they agree with the symptom entity of a disease. Diagnostic criteria are set for each disease, in Meniere's disease, for example, the full triad is required. Graphic displays illustrate the linear and nonlinear correlation between the symptoms and diseases. For instance, both second-long Tumarkin-type attacks and attacks lasting hours give a high score while intermediately long attacks score much lower in Meniere's disease. To be able to take even rare diseases into consideration we try to diminish the possibility of a wrong decision rather than maximize the likelihood of reaching only one right decision.

Artificial Intelligence↗

PubMedDate not supplied

An expert system for the computer-aided diagnosis of dizziness and vertigo.

We have developed an expert system to assist in the diagnostic work-up of otoneurological cases. Our otoneurological expert system ONE takes advantage of both patient history and clinical measurement data in order to supply all possible information about the patient's symptoms and other findings. This paper presents ONE after its initial stage of development, which included tests with numerous patients.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

An essay on power of expert systems versus human expertise.

In connection with several recent studies of medical informatics, the usefulness and use of expert systems have been both criticized and defended. We have examined the issue of the inference power of expert systems compared to that of human experts. At an abstract level we have shown that there is no doubt that expert systems could successfully complement human experts within strictly limited and well-defined specialties, and actually be of reasonable aid in diagnosis, provided that the expert systems have been correctly and effectively elaborated. Also practical experiments were conducted with our recently implemented expert system.

Brain Diseases↗