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Biomedical subjects

Y Ando

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ando.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Prognosis in stage a prostate cancer].

In 39 hospitals in the Tokai region of Japan, 815 cases with prostatic cancer were registered between 1988 and 1991, 91 of which (13.3%) were diagnosed as stage A. Eighty cases of stage A cancer were subclassified into stage A1 (33 cases) or stage A2 (47 cases). A detailed investigation was performed on these 80 subclassified cases with respect to tumor markers, treatment methods and prognosis. The tumor marker, prostate specific antigen (PSA) was positive in 18.5% of the A1 cases and 53.8% of the A2 cases. Endocrine therapy was administered in 45.5% of the A1 and 78.7% of the A2 cases. There was 1 (3.0%) case of progression in the stage A1 group, and 2 cases in stage A2 group. The 5-year survival rate was 97.0% for stage A1 and 88.6% for stage A2. The prognosis of prostatic cancer in stage A was fairly good in both the A1 and A2 subclasses in our series.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Flow cytometric DNA analysis of gastric cancer that is invading the muscularis propria.

OBJECTIVE: To find out if there is any correlation between the DNA aneuploidy in gastric cancer that is invading the muscularis propria and survival. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Teaching hospital, Japan. SUBJECTS: 52 patients who underwent gastric resection for gastric cancer that was invading the muscularis propria, and for whom clinical follow-up data were available. INTERVENTIONS: Flow cytometric measurement of DNA in paraffin-embedded tissue. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Correlation between survival and clinicopathological variables including ploidy. RESULTS: 22 (42%) of the cases were aneuploid and 30 (58%) were diploid. The lymph node status and DNA ploidy were the significant prognostic variables, but a multivariate analysis showed that only DNA ploidy was significant. CONCLUSIONS: Nuclear DNA ploidy is an independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer that is invading the muscularis propria.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1995

High resolution genome typing and genomic reassortment events of rice dwarf Phytoreovirus.

Genomic reassortment of rice dwarf Phytoreovirus (RDV) was experimentally demonstrated for the first time in plant reoviruses. Combinations of two genomic variants, most of the genomic segments of which could be distinguished by a high resolution polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, were used to produce genomic reassortants. After artificial mixed injection of two of three isolates (RDV-S, RDV-AI, and RDV-AN) into the insect vector Nephotettix cincticeps, rice seedlings were sequentially inoculated and the genomic origin of the viruses present in the infected plants was examined by electrophoresis. The progeny virus population contained either one or both of the respective genomic segments from the parents. Genomic segments reassorted randomly except for genome segment 1 (S1) and S9. S9 of RDV-S was mostly excluded in the reassortants in both the insects and the infected plants when it was mixed with RDV-AI or RDV-AN. On the other hand, S9 reassorted randomly in most of the virus populations in infected plants when RDV-AI and RDV-AN were co-injected into insects. When RDV-S and RDV-AI were mixed, S1 from RDV-S was present more frequently in the infected plants although both parental S1's were present in equimolar amounts in insects.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Change in variant transthyretin levels in patients with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy type I following liver transplantation.

Three patients with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) type I underwent liver transplantation from heart-beating cadaveric donors. Since 2 patients underwent blood transfusion during the operation, variant transthyretin (TTR) levels in the plasma did not decrease time dependently. However, in 1 patient without blood transfusion variant TTR levels decreased in a time dependent manner and plasma half life of variant TTR was calculated to be 2.1 days. Total protein, normal, and variant TTR levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) remained unchanged after liver transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Concomitant infection with exogenous mouse mammary tumor virus encoding I-E-dependent superantigen in I-E-negative mouse strain.

We found that milk from II TES mice contained two species of exogenous mouse mammary tumor viruses (MMTV). Sequence analysis of the open reading frame (ORF) in the MMTV 3' long terminal repeat indicated that the two MMTV, MMTV (II TES2) and MMTV (II TES14), encode superantigens specific for V beta 2+ T cells and V beta 14+ T cells, respectively. In an experiment of subcutaneous injection of II TES milk, both T cells bearing TCR V beta 2 and V beta 14 proliferated vigorously in the draining lymph node from BALB/c mice (H-2d I-E+), whereas only V beta 14+ T cells showed significant proliferation in C57BL/6 mouse (B6 H-2b I-E-) lymph nodes. These findings indicated that the superantigen encoded by MMTV (II TES2) required MHC class II I-E molecules exclusively for Ag presentation, but MMTV (II TES14) stimulated V beta 14+ T cells even in the absence of I-E molecules. Semiquantitative analysis of MMTV proviruses using PCR revealed that B6 mice were not infected with MMTV (II TES2) by injection of this MMTV alone. However, injection of II TES milk containing both MMTV (II TES14) and MMTV (II TES2) induced infection of B6 mice with MMTV (II TES2) besides MMTV (II TES14), in spite of no expansion of V beta 2+ T cells in this mouse strain. These results suggested that I-E-negative mice were concomitantly infected with MMTV (II TES2) with the help of I-E independent T cell activation mediated by MMTV (II TES14).

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Regulatory role of gamma delta T cells in uterine intraepithelial lymphocytes in maternal antifetal immune response.

To elucidate the potential roles of the gamma delta T cells in uterine intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) in the regulation of maternal antifetal immune response during pregnancy, we examined the kinetics and function of gamma delta T cells in uterine IEL obtained from (C3H/He x AKR/J) pregnancy. The number of gamma delta T cells increased in the uterine IEL in (C3H/HexAKR/J) pregnancy more than those in (C3H/HexC3H/He) pregnancy and much more than in nonpregnant C3H/He mice. The uterine IEL in (C3H/HexC3H/He) pregnancy significantly proliferated in response to AKR/J stimulator cells. In contrast, the uterine IEL in (C3H/HexAKR/J) pregnancy showed little, if any, proliferation in response to the same stimulator cells. gamma delta T cell depletion from the uterine IEL in (C3H/HexAKR/J) pregnancy restored their responsiveness against AKR/J stimulator cells. Both gamma delta T cell-enriched fraction and alpha beta T cell-depleted fraction, but neither gamma delta T cell-depleted fraction nor alpha beta T cell-enriched fraction in the uterine IEL exhibited suppressive activity against allogeneic responses of nonpregnant C3H/He LN cells. This suppressive activity was shown by transferring the supernatant of culture medium in the uterine IEL stimulated with AKR/J cells that contained a large amount of TGF-beta, and the suppressive activity was significantly blocked by addition of anti-TGF-beta mAb to the culture. Taken together, our results suggest that gamma delta T cells in the uterine IEL suppress the maternal antifetal immune response at the maternal-fetal interface at least in part through TGF-beta production to prevent a rejection of the fetus.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Secondary amyloidosis with severe autonomic dysfunctions.

A 46-year-old male underwent hemodialysis because of progressed glomerulo-nephritis. Since he suffered from severe diarrhea during the course of the illness, both gastric and colon biopsies were performed. Significant amyloid deposition was recognized in the submucosal layer of these specimen. This amyloid was positive for anti-AA-protein antibody staining and soluble in KMnO4 solution, indicating secondary induced amyloid. Despite of absence of orthostatic hypotension, examinations revealed extreme reduction in tears and salivary secretion, anhidrosis, a decrease in the coefficiency of variation of the cardiographic R-R interval, and a decrease in the accumulation of [123I]meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) in the heart, suggesting that severe glandular and visceral autonomic dysfunctions had occurred in the patient.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1995

Expression of variant dihydrofolate reductase with decreased binding affinity to antifolates in MOLT-3 human leukemia cell lines resistant to trimetrexate.

Various alterations of the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gene are involved in resistance. In order to understand the mechanism that induce such gene alterations in human leukemia cells, we studied the expression products of DHFR gene in trimetrexate (TMQ)- and/or methotrexate (MTX)-resistant sublines derived from a MOLT-3 human leukemia cell line. A 200-fold TMQ-resistant subline (MOLT-3/TMQ200) expressed the mutated DHFR mRNA, with a base change (T-->C) at the second position of codon 31, as well as the wild type gene. A MTX-resistant subline derived from MOLT-3/TMQ200 (MOLT-3/TMQ200-MTX500) showed a further increase in the expression of the mutated DHFR mRNA, compared to MOLT-3/TMQ200, with a marked decrease of expression of the wild type DHFR mRNA, which is confirmation of amplification of the mutated DHFR gene. By contrast, a 10,000-fold MTX-resistant subline (MOLT-3/MTX10,000) over-expressed the wild type DHFR mRNA, which is confirmation of amplification of the wild type gene. Increased levels of the DHFR enzyme in these sublines were proportional to expression levels of the DHFR mRNA. The DHFR enzyme expressed in MOLT-3/TMQ200-MTX500 cells showed a 40-fold increase in the Ki values for both MTX and TMQ, compared with values for the wild type DHFR expressed in both MOLT-3/MTX10,000 and its parent cell line. These findings suggest that the altered DHFR gene, which was introduced in MOLT-3 cells by exposure to TMQ, gave rise to a variant enzyme with reduced affinity to antifolates, and that complex DHFR alterations confer drug-resistant phenotypes in antifolate-resistance. Structural difference between the antifolates could be important in the introduction of the differential DHFR gene alterations in the antifolate resistance.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Correlation between expression of sialosyl-T antigen and survival in patients with gastric cancer.

Intestinal metaplasia of the gastric mucosa is an important lesion in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. The expression of a mucin-associated antigen, sialosyl-T antigen, in the tissue of gastric cancer was investigated immunohistochemically to assess its biological role. Sialosyl-T antigen, detected by the monoclonal antibody TKH2, was present in 30 (23.6 per cent) of 127 lesions, and expressed sporadically in intestinal metaplasia. Patients negative for sialosyl-T had a significantly better 5-year survival than those who were positive (70.4 per cent versus 47.2 per cent). Grading by sialosyl-T antigen expression and the DNA ploidy pattern had a predictive value for prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. The biological role of sialosyl-T antigen is not clear but the mucin alteration reflects upon the biological behaviour of gastric cancer.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1995

Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2: an intracellular keratinocyte differentiation product that is incorporated into the cornified envelope.

Human epidermal keratinocytes synthesize a complex plasminogen activator proteolytic cascade, consisting of two plasminogen activating enzymes and two inhibitors, that is thought to play a role in epidermal migration and differentiation as well as in several cutaneous diseases. Quantification of the plasminogen activator cascade proteins in keratinocytes reveals that plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 (PAI-2) is distinct from the other components (i.e., urokinase and tissue-type plasminogen activators and inhibitor type 1) in several respects: (i) PAI-2 remains mostly cell-associated, rather than secreted; (ii) The level of cell-associated PAI-2 is at least 50-fold greater than that of the other components; (iii) PAI-2 is the only component whose level is enhanced upon elevation of the Ca2+ concentration, which is well known to induce a more differentiated phenotype in keratinocyte culture. Immunocytochemical localization experiments reveal that most keratinocytes contain PAI-2, which in a subpopulation of more differentiated cells is resistant to detergent extraction. Additional immunocytochemical localization and immunoblot experiments demonstrate that some of the PAI-2 becomes incorporated into the cornified envelope during terminal differentiation of the keratinocyte. These studies raise the possibility that PAI-2 may have an intracellular role associated with the terminal stage of keratinocyte differentiation.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed1995

Prognostic factors associated with differentiated thyroid cancer.

A multivariate analysis was conducted on the survival data of 180 patients who underwent curative resection for differentiated thyroid cancer between 1966 and 1987, and the 10- and 20-year survival rates were found to be 80.6% and 73.1%, respectively. A survival analysis was also performed, testing the following factors: the patient's age at the time of diagnosis, tumor size, extraglandular extension, nodal status, distant metastases, operative procedure, sex, and histology. A univariate analysis found the initial six factors to be significant prognostic variables, but the latter two to be of no significance. On the other hand, the multivariate analysis showed that distant metastases, age, and tumor size were the most significant prognosticators. Thus, the age of the patient should be taken into consideration during the follow-up of treatment for differentiated thyroid cancer.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗
PubMed1995

Venous invasion as a prognostic factor in colorectal cancer.

Venous invasion as a prognostic factor was evaluated in 124 patients with colorectal cancer. By classifying the patients as having either negative to mild invasion or moderate to marked invasion, a significant correlation was found between the degree of venous invasion and clinicopathological variables such as lymphatic invasion, lymph node metastasis, liver metastasis, and DNA ploidy. Significantly more favorable survival was seen in those with a lower degree of vascular invasion; however, of the six prognosticators analyzed by Cox's proportional hazard model, the only significant factors were depth of invasion and DNA ploidy. Although venous invasion showed no significance, it is still considered a valuable prognostic indicator that is easy and economical to perform.

Adenocarcinoma↗