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Biomedical subjects

Y Akutsu

Publications and source records attributed to Y Akutsu.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Purification of a cytochrome P450 isozyme belonging to a subfamily of P450 IIB from liver microsomes of guinea pigs.

An isozyme of cytochrome P450 was purified from liver microsomes of guinea pigs by HPLC with anion-exchange and hydroxylapatite columns. The isozyme showed a single band of 52 kdalton on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Oxidation activities of the final preparation towards p-nitroanisole, aniline and d-benzphetamine were 1.3 to 15.4-fold comparing with those of microsomal fraction. This isozyme was also concerned with oxidation of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) to 8 alpha-hydroxy- (8 alpha-OH-), 2'-OH- and 3'-OH-delta 9-THCs. The N-terminal region of the isozyme was considerably hydrophobic, and 13 of the first 20 amino acid residues was leucine. Since this first 20 amino acid sequence is 80% homologous with that of cytochrome P450 LM2 purified from rabbit liver microsomes, this isozyme can be categorized to a subfamily of P450 IIB.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Complementary expression of melanosomal antigens and constant expression of pigment-independent antigen during the evolution of melanocytic tumours.

We have generated monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) against melanosomal proteins (MoAb 1C11 and MoAb HMSA-1) and a cytoplasmic protein strongly synthesized in neoplastic melanocytes but not associated with melanogenesis (MoAb 7H11). An immunohistochemical study of paraffin sections showed that nearly 90% of epidermal neoplastic melanocytes, including melanomas, expressed 1C11 antigen, whereas this antigen was poorly preserved in dermal melanocytic cells except melanomas. HMSA-1 antigen was expressed in a complementary manner to 1C11 antigen, being found in dermal naevus cells but not generally in the epidermal regions, except for dysplastic naevi and melanomas. In contrast, 7H11 antigen was distributed in nearly 90% of melanocytic tumours except solar lentigo and lentigo maligna lesions. The failure of MoAb 1C11 to react with dermal melanocytes may reflect a subtle alteration in melanogenesis during tumour evolution. Overall, the combined use of MoAbs serves as an accurate diagnosis of melanocytic tumours, the pigment-independent MoAb 7H11 being particularly useful for amelanotic and metastatic lesions.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

Ganglioglial differentiation in medulloblastoma.

A case of cerebellar medulloblastoma with clusters of mature ganglion cells and glial cells is described. The patient, a 15-year-old girl, underwent three operations followed each time by radiation and chemotherapy during the four-year clinical course. Histologically, the ganglion cells were clearly identifiable by their abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, round nuclei with prominent nucleoli, tigroid granules, and argyrophilic fibrils and axons. Immunohistochemically, the cells were NSE- and NF-positive, and ultrastructurally they contained abundant tubules and filaments, neurosecretory granules and well developed rough endoplasmic reticulum. There were many cells transitional in appearance between primitive cells and mature ganglion cells. The tumor also had many mature yet atypical astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. The exact mechanism of the extensive neuronal and glial maturation of medulloblastoma cells is unclear, but the repetitive surgical interventions, radiation and chemotherapy might have had certain cytostatic effects on rapidly dividing medulloblastoma cells, giving them a chance to mature into postmitotic cells with potential for neuronal and glial differentiation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

High dose intact-immunoglobulin treatment for an HIV-infected asymptomatic carrier with hemophilia.

Intravenous administration of a high dose of intact-immunoglobulin to a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patient with hemophilia A, whose total lymphocyte and CD4 positive lymphocyte counts showed a decreasing tendency, resulted in a gradual rise in these cell counts. The results were quite reproducible on another occasions. Therefore, intravenous administration of gammaglobulin (IVGG) was thought to be effective for preventing further deterioration of cellular immunity and progression from asymptomatic carrier (AC) to AIDS related complex (ARC)/AIDS in hemophilia patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effects of glycyrrhizin (SNMC: Stronger Neo-Minophagen C) in hemophilia patients with HIV-1 infection.

Forty-two hemophiliacs with HIV infection were treated with high-dose glycyrrhizin, Stronger Neo-Minophagen C (SNMC). The dose was 100-200 ml of SNMC in 21 patients and 400-800 ml in the other 21. The patients were divided into an asymptomatic carrier (AC) group and AIDS related-complex (ARC)/AIDS group. SNMC was administered intravenously daily for the first 3 weeks, and every second day for the following 8 weeks to the 42 HIV-infected hemophilia patients, in accordance with the protocol proposed by the Japanese National Research Committee. The CD4/CD8 ratio and CD4 positive lymphocyte counts did not change during the treatment period. However, significant improvement was noted in some cases. A slight increase in mitogenic responsiveness to phytohemagglutinin, Concanavalin A and pokeweed mitogen was noted in most patients of both groups, especially significant improvement was seen in the AC group administered over 400 ml of SNMC. Furthermore, complete improvement was noted in liver dysfunction, which has been thought to be one of the major problems for hemophiliacs treated with blood products. Thus, prophylactic administration of high-dose SNMC to HIV positive hemophiliacs who have impaired immunological ability and liver dysfunction was considered to be effective in preventing the development from AC/ARC to AIDS.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1990

IgA nephritis in Behçet's disease: case report and review of the literature.

We describe a 13-year-old girl with the incomplete type of Behçet's disease who had recurrent oral and genital ulcers, folliculitis, proteinuria and hematuria. Renal biopsy specimens revealed diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis with strongly positive IgA deposits in the glomerular mesangial area, which is histologically indistinguishable from primary IgA nephritis. Further studies of the IgA subclasses showed that IgA1 deposits were predominant in the glomerular mesangium. Primary IgA nephritis is thought to be associated with polymeric IgA1. So it appears that there may be a common underlying disease or mechanism involved in both primary IgA nephritis and the IgA nephritis in Behçet's disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[A family of congenital combined deficiency of factor V and von Willebrand factor].

A family with inherited combined deficiency of factor V and von Willebrand factor (vWF) is reported. Hematological examination of 41 year-old female proband and her younger brother revealed prolonged prothrombin time and Kaolin partial thromboplastin time. The level of both factor V activity and factor V antigen markedly decreased, below 15% of normal. The decreased levels of factor VIII activity and vWF activity are also seen. Furthermore, abnormal mobilities were observed in crossed immunoelectrophoresis. The protein C, S antigens and activities, and protein C inhibitor activity were within normal. Four sons have received the 50% levels of factor V from their parents. One of them also showed the 50% of factor VIII and vWF activities. From above results, this family is thought to be a case of inherited deficiency of factor V and vWF, which are transmitted as an autosomal trait apparently.

Adult↗