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Biomedical subjects

Y Akasaka

Publications and source records attributed to Y Akasaka.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Functioning disorders after surgery of rectum cancer--(1). Functioning prognosis of defecation disorder following anus preserving operation].

Thirty-three anus-preserved rectal cancer patients with anterior resection or low anterior resection were asked about their postoperative defecation conditions with questionnaires after a more than one and half year postoperative period. Beforehand the residual anorectum length was defined by subtracting the length of the specimen AW and 1.5 cm as suturing width from the length of the anal verge through the anal tumor margin during romanoscopic examination. Involuntary soiling frequently occurred in the cases with a less than 9 cm residual anorectum, in the female cases and in the cases associated with lateral lymph node dissection. But these factors have no definite relation to the time of disappearance of involuntary soiling. Half of the cases were normalized in 2 years, and 80% in 3 years. Frequent bowel movement occurred in a high percentage of cases, especially in the cases with short residual anorectum or with lateral lymph node dissection. Frequency of defecation decreased from 8-9/day up to 6 months later, to 5/day up to one year later, and 2-3/day up to 6 years later. Improvement of the above-mentioned condition was slightly delayed in the less than 6 cm residual anorectum group and in females, but not in the lateral lymph node dissection group. Anastomosis insufficiency caused a delay in recovery from involuntary soiling.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Experimental evaluation of cisplatin analogous in urogenital cancer].

We studied the efficiency and toxicity of three types of recently developed cisplatin analogous agents-carboplatin, 254-S and DW2114, in animal experiments and clinical examinations. In animal experiments, these three agents were injected into SD rats intraperitoneally to determine their effects on rat functions. The antitumor effect of these agents was about the same as that of CDDP, but the renal toxicity of 254-S and DW2114 was lower than that of CDDP. However, more serious myelopathy was observed with these agents than with CDDP. Although slight damage to the testis was seen in the 254-S group, damage to the testis by the other agents was negligible. It was suggested that the damaged region in the testis was spermatogonia. In clinical examinations, we administered the three analogous agents separately for testicular tumors, prostatic cancer and bladder tumors, but a complete response (5M) was recognized in only one case given 245-S, and we found these three agents less effective than CDDP. At present, CDDP is extensively used clinically as one of the combination therapy agents. However, in the first place, we should develop a new CDDP analogous agent that has an anti-tumor effect greater than that of CDDP.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Treatment and prophylaxis for urogenital infections occurring after urethrocystoscopy].

To prevent urogenital infections occurring after urethrocystoscopy, we have studied the prevalence of these diseases without the use of antibiotic agents subsequent to urethrocystoscopy to determine the relative importance of aseptic procedures and whether administration of antibiotics is really required for this purpose. Patients enrolled in the present study included those undergoing urethrocystoscopy at four hospitals, totaling 146 patients (93 male and 53 female patients). All of these patients were apparently free of urogenital infections prior to urethrocystoscopy, with less than 5 leucocytes per field in urinary sediment, and a bacteria count of less than 10(4) cells/ml. Each patient was checked between 3 and 14 days after examination for 1) presence of clinical symptoms such as fever, bladder irritation symptoms and urethral secretion, 2) urinalysis and urinary culture, and 3) palpation of epididymis, testis and prostatic gland as required. The endoscope was sterilized for 20 to 30 minutes with 2% glutaraldehyde at 3 clinical institutions and with 0.5% chlorhexidine at the other, in a total of 116 and 30 patients, respectively. Sterilized distilled water was used as perfusate. The external urethral meatus of the subject was disinfected with 0.5% chlorhexidine, followed by local anesthesia with xylocaine jelly. Ten minutes after disinfecting the hands of the examiner, urethroscopy and cystoscopy were performed in this order. Urinary tract infection was detected in one male patient (1.1%) and 2 female patients (3.3%). In these cases, the endoscope was sterilized with glutaraldehyde in 2 cases and with chlorhexidine in the other. None of the subjects demonstrated fever or genital infections.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Unexpected renal cell carcinomas found during the operation in renal calculus: report of two cases].

Case 1: A 58-year-old man was seen with dull pain over the left flank. The X-ray examination revealed a renal stone in the left kidney. On operation, a globular hard mass was found in the lower portion of the posterior aspect of the kidney from which a biopsy specimen was obtained. A frozen section study showed renal cell carcinoma, and nephrectomy was performed. The patient is well four years after the operation without recurrence or metastasis. Case 2: A 50-year-old man consulted with microhematuria pointed out in a physical examination. At the operation for renal stone, we found the mass in the lower portion of the kidney. A frozen section study of the mass revealed renal cell carcinoma. We performed nephrectomy and lymphadenectomy on the renal pedicle. The patient is well three years after the operation. We reviewed the cases of renal cell carcinoma associated with renal calculi reported in Japan and discussed how the nephrectomy should be performed according to the frozen section study.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1988

Preparation and evaluation of bovine serum albumin nanospheres coated with monoclonal antibodies.

Bovine serum albumin nanospheres (BSA-NS), prepared with glutaraldehyde cross-linking and ultrasonication, were coated with antibodies by covalent linkage (Schiff's base formation) of aldehyde groups at the surface of the nanospheres with amino groups of the antibody. The coating was confirmed using Fluorescein isothiocyanate which conjugates with antibodies and also by the antigen-antibody interaction using Sepharose beads. Rapid in vitro degradation of BSA-NS was first confirmed by incubating a radioactive nanosphere suspension at 37 degrees C in 0.25 M sucrose solution with 1% liver or lung extract. The radioactive compound conjugated BSA-NS suspension was then administered to mice intravenously, and tissue distribution of BSA-NS was examined using whole body autoradiography; the BSA-NS were found to be localized mainly in the liver, the lungs and the kidneys and 4 hr and 24 hr after injection, almost all radioactivity had disappeared except for that in the kidneys. The binding ratio of monoclonal antibodies to tumor cells in vitro was found to be 2-2.5 times greater than that of control antibodies (mouse IgG) by means of a gamma ray counter. An in vivo binding test showed that monoclonal antibodies might recognize the target organ (Lewis lung carcinoma). Applying these findings, BSA-NS coated with monoclonal antibodies were found to be trapped in the tumoral tissue of Lewis lung carcinoma-bearing mice more than in controls (BSA-NS coated with mouse IgG) at 24 hr after the injection. Thus, BSA-NS offer potential as useful drug carriers enabling concentration of drugs at specific target sites. Furthermore, their rapid elimination from the body and their degradability suggest that side effects due to long-lasting accumulation in several organs may be avoided.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[A case of distal ureteral atresia].

A case of distal ureteral atresia with the chief complaint of a mass in the left lower quadrant is reported. On palpation of the abdominal region, a 3 X 4 cm mass, smooth-surfaced and movable, was palpable in the left lower quadrant, IVP failed to show the left kidney, while CT revealed an atrophic left kidney and dilated ureter. For the diagnosis of distal ureteral atresia, total left ureteronephrectomy was performed. The left kidney measured 4.5 X 3 X 3 cm and the ureter was dilated and ended blind. The pathohistological findings included dysplasia with normal nephrons here and there of the kidney. We examined the distal ureteral atresia from the renal tissue.

Female↗
PubMed1983

[Experimental chemotherapy of human testicular carcinoma transplanted in nude mice].

The testicular carcinoma serially transplanted in nude mice with BALB/c genetic background was used for experimental chemotherapy. A stable growth and a high production of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were observed in this tumor line. The effect and side effect of Cis-platinum (CDDP) and other anticancer agents on this tumor line in nude mice were studied by the chemotherapy with single administration of CDDP 2 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg, and the combination chemotherapy with CDDP, Vinblastine (VBL) 0.1 mg/kg, Bleomycin (BLM) 0.5 mg/kg and Cyclophosphamide (CTX) 2 mg/kg. The body weight of the tumor bearing nude mice, the tumor size (length X breadth) and serum AFP level were measured every week up to 10 weeks after inoculation of the tumor mass. Six weeks after administration of these anticancer agents, the tumor mass was removed out and examined histologicaly. The effects of CDDP and other anticancer agents were observed as inhibition of the tumor growth and regression of the tumor mass. In the groups treated by the combination chemotherapy with either CDDP + VBL + BLM or CDDP + VBL + CTX, the most remarkable inhibition and regression were observed. The AFP levels were remarkably decreased in contrast with those of the control group. The changes of serum AFP levels were reflected in the tumor growth. The serum AFP levels fell down to normal level, however, the tumor mass was clearly recognized. The tumor tissue was damaged histologicaly by the single administration of CDDP. The most remarkable change was shown in the group treated by the combination chemotherapy CDDP 4mg/kg + VBL + BLM. The tumor cells were arranged one or two layers like the epithelium. This histological findings suggested that the malignant tumor could be differentiated to benign tumor. The side effect of CDDP and other anticancer agents was observed as a loss of weight. All of mice treated by the single administration at a dose of CDDP 6 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg died of the side effect of CDDP.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Carcinoma of the esophagus with hepatic metastasis].

Six patients with esophageal cancer with liver metastasis are reported and the clinicopathological features are discussed based on collected autopsy cases. 1) The incidence of liver metastasis was higher when the primary site was in the lower part of the esophagus. 2) There were many cases without abdominal lymphnode metastasis. 3) Metastasis was noted primarily as small nodules in the left lobe of the liver. 4) The prognosis was poor; liver metastasis was rarely the cause of death. In esophageal cancer, liver metastasis seems to occur via the portal route and combined liver resection is indicated when possible.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1983

[Long-term results of curative operation of breast cancer].

Follow-up studies on 172 patients who had undergone curative surgery for breast cancer, were done. 1) There was no significant difference in the 5-year-survival rate between stage I and stage II, however, this survival rate was lower in stage III. 2) The survival rate of patients with metastasis to fewer than 3 lymph node tended to be higher than in patients with metastatic involvement of 4 or more lymph nodes. 3) Patients with papillo-tubular type cancer had the best prognosis followed by medullo-tubular type and scirrhous type. 4) The operative procedures used made no significant difference on the long-term results, although extended operation for stage II cancer showed better result than typical operation in terms of 10-year-survival. 5) The chemotherapy group showed better results than the radiation-treated group in terms of 5-year-survival.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Papillary adenocarcinoma of the rete testis: a case report.

A papillary adenocarcinoma of the rete testis in a 67-year-old man is presented. The tumor was localized in the rete testis, showing no involvement of the adjacent testicular parenchyma or the epididymis. The tumor cells manifested a transition to the normal epithelial cells of the rete testis. The electron microscopic features of this tumor are compared with those of the normal epithelial cells of the rete testis.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1982

Endoscopic polypectomy for the removal of polyps of the small intestine.

Since intussusception is a common complication of the Peutz-Jeghers polyps, laparotomy should be recommended to remove them. However, all of them will not be palpable or discernible during laparotomy. Operative endoscopy was employed for removing polyps of the small intestine of a 22-year-old female who was previously diagnosed as Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Using a newly designed enteroscope with two channels (SIF-2C, Olympus), four large polyps over 1 cm in size were removed from the ileum and jejunum with safety. Endoscopic polypectomy is one of the rapidly advancing fields and widely spread methods in gastrointestinal endoscopy since the introduction of electrosurgical techniques. Although the endoscopic removal of polyps arising from the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, colon and rectum can be performed with ease and safety, polypectomy for the polyps of the small intestine has never been performed because of the technical difficulties to handle the scope in the small intestine. Two channel enteroscope resolved this problem. Therefore, it is emphasized that double channel enteroscope makes the polypectomy in the small intestine possible and the indication of enteroscopy will be more extended.

Adult↗