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Biomedical subjects

Y Aiyoshi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Aiyoshi.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Alterations of adrenergic systems in thyroid slices from patients with Graves' disease.

The responses to TSH of tissue cAMP levels in thyroid slices from patients with Graves' disease were significantly lower than those in normal thyroid slices. Conversely, tissue cAMP levels in thyroid slices from these patients were greatly increased by beta-adrenergic agonists, either isoproterenol or norepinephrine compared with those in normal thyroid slices. The elevation of cAMP levels induced by TSH in normal thyroid slices was significantly reduced by norepinephrine via alpha-adrenergic action as reported previously in canine thyroid slices, while such an elevation by TSH of cAMP levels in slices of Graves' disease thyroids was not inhibited, or rather increased by norepinephrine. These results indicate that, in addition to low responses to TSH, alpha- and beta-adrenergic systems were functionally altered in thyroid tissues of patients with Graves' disease.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1985

[Recent advances in mammographic diagnosis with respect to its technical aspects].

Technological advance has made remarkable improvements in image quality in the field of X-ray mammography which ensure to successful management of breast cancer in Japan. We convince simple mammographic technique is the state of arts in early detection of the curable breast cancer, however, attempts for further progress with respect to technology and its medical applications should be performed. Our fundamental and clinical works on this theme were presented here.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Effects of substance P on thyroidal cyclic AMP levels and thyroid hormone release from canine thyroid slices.

A neuropeptide, substance P (1-50 microM) caused a prompt but transient rise in tissue cyclic AMP levels and also increased the release of thyroid hormones from canine thyroid slices. While norepinephrine markedly inhibited the stimulation by TSH of such parameters as reported previously, substance P had no effect. These results suggest that substance P may play a regulatory role in thyroid gland functions in a manner different from norepinephrine.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Effect of thyroid-stimulating hormone and norepinephrine on cyclic AMP levels in human normal thyroids and human thyroid tumors.

The effect of TSH (100mU/ml) and norepinephrine (100 muM) on the cyclic AMP levels was studied in 10 human normal tissues, 10 thyroid adenomas and 4 thyroid carcinomas (3 papillary and 1 follicular). Normal tissues responded to TSH with a marked elevation of the cyclic AMP level. Response patterns of 10 thyroid adenomas to TSH were variable; the patterns of 6 cases resembled those of normal tissues, 3 responded mildly, and one had no response to TSH. Thyroid carcinomas had a higher basal level of cyclic AMP than those of normal tissues, although they responded only slightly to TSH. Two among 4 thyroid carcinomas had no response to TSH. Norepinephrine stimulated the accumulation of cyclic AMP in 4 thyroid adenomas and 3 thyroid carcinomas, while it had little effect on normal tissues. Responses to norepinephrine was observed only in thyroid tumors, although they had low response to TSH. It is suggested from these results that tumor cells originating from thyroid follicular cells have a modified response to hormones due to neoplastic alterations.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1978

Report on a case of functioning thyroid carcinoma provoking thyrotoxicosis with review of literature.

A 57-year old woman with thyroid carcinoma manifesting overt thyrotoxicosis is presented. After the patient had been made euthyroid with propylthiouracil, right lobectomy and lymph node dissection were performed. Permanent paraffin sections revealed follicular adenocarcinoma with capsular and vascular invasion. Metastases to the right humerus, both femurs, the skull and pleural cavity became prominent with the recurrence of thyrotoxicosis and the patient died 2 years and 3 months after operation. The clinical evidence indicates that thyrotoxicosis in the present case is caused by the excessive secretion of thyroid hormone by both the original carcinoma and the secondary deposits. Twenty three similar cases reported in the English and Japanese literatures are summarized.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Thyroid hormone formation in ectopic thyroid gland. A case study.

Several steps of thyroid hormogenesis were studied on a subhyoid ectopic thyroid tissue in a case of compensated hypothyroidism with simultaneous sublingual and subhyoid ectopic thyroid. The patient, a 19-year-old girl, had normal values for serum T4, T3U and T3, and an elevated serum TSH level. The thyroidal 131I uptake was elevated both at 3 h and 24 h after oral 131I intake. No significant discharge of radioiodine was observed after perchlorate load. On the thyroid biopsy specimen, peroxidase activity was shown to be normal by both assays of guaiacol oxidizing and iodinating activity. Thyroglobulin was 19S and was normally iodinated in vitro with peroxidase. Iodine content of thyroglobulin was within the normal range. The mean percentage distribution of 131I administered 7 days prior to the biopsy showed no significant difference from the normal pattern. From these studies, no specific defects in thyroid hormogenesis could be detected in this case. It is suggested that abnormalities in thyroid function in this case are mainly due to insufficient functioning mass in the ectopic thyroid.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Effects of concanavalin A and neuraminidase on cyclic AMP levels and 14C-1-glucose oxidation in dog thyroid slices.

Treatment with concanavalin A at 100 micron/ml or higher concentrations significantly increased 14C-1-glucose oxidation in dog thyroid slices as reported in other tissues. This treatment exerted no effect on tissue cyclic AMP levels. Neuraminidase at the same concentrations also had similar effects on these parameters. Neither concanavalin A nor neuraminidase at the concentrations up to 100 microng/ml had the TSH effect on both tissue cyclic AMP and 14C-1-glucose oxidation. These results indicate that modification of carbohydrate moieties of glycoproteins on the cell surface may cause an increase in glucose metabolism without any critical effect on cyclic AMP system and in the process of TSH response.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effects of calcium ionophore (A-23187) on glucose oxidation and iodide transport in dog thyroid slices.

A calcium ionophore (A-23187, 20 mug/ml) stimulted 14C-1-glucose oxidation in dog thyroid slices to an extent equivalent to that obtained by the optimal concentration of dibutyryl cyclic AMP (1mM). Furthermore, the ionophore augmented the stimulation by dibutyryl cyclic AMP much more than the simple additive effect. The ionophore also enhanced the effect of TSH, but to a lesser extent. Under conditions where organic binding was blocked, T/M ratio of radioiodine concentration was lowered in slices by the ionophore; the findings similar to those obtained with TSH and dibutyryl cyclic AMP. The ionophore exhibited a slightly depressive effect on the basal cyclic AMP level. The elevation by TSH of cyclic AMP levels was also slightly depressed by the ionophore, but statistically insignificant in most cases. These results indicate that calcium ion may play an important role in the TSH regulation of iodide transport and glucose metabolism in the thyroid, in some cases by augmenting the effects of cyclic AMP.

Animals↗