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Biomedical subjects

Y Agishi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Agishi.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Mechanisms of high hemoglobin A1 in alcohol drinkers].

Hemoglobin A1 (HbA1) levels were significantly higher in healthy alcohol drinkers (HbA1 = 7.50%, n = 11) than in normal non-drinkers (HbA1 = 6.62%, n = 13). Ethanol was not able to change HbA1 level when ethanol was added to human whole blood in vitro. Acetaldehyde (AcCHO), although, markedly increased it. Glucose utilization in erythrocytes was stimulated by AcCHO. While it was completely blocked by sodium fluoride in the presence of AcCHO in the incubation medium, but sodium fluoride did not affect the formation of HbA1. AcCHO formed HbA1 with human purified hemoglobin in vitro. The level of HbA1 formed by AcCHO was significantly low when purified human hemoglobin used as a substrate in comparison with the use of whole blood. AcCHO and dihydroxyacetone phosphate reacted in the presence of aldolase. The reacted product, 5-deoxy-D-xylulose-1-phosphate, increased HhA1 level of human purified hemoglobin. It is suggested, the high level of HbA1 in healthy drinkers was caused by AcCHO, the first metabolite of ethanol. AcCHO formed addicts with human hemoglobin directly, and there might be other mechanisms of HbA1 formation due to AcCHO, such as 5-deoxy-D-xylulose-1-phosphate, which is the reacted product of AcCHO.

Acetaldehyde↗
PubMed1975

[Simulation of cold acclimation by chronic treatment with noradrenaline, with special reference to metabolic responses to noradrenaline (author's transl)].

Rats treated with noradrenaline (NA) or L-dopa for 28 days were infused i.v. with NA for 30 min and changes in rectal temperature and plasma concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), glycerol, blood sugar, and lactate were observed. Results obtained were compared with those in cold-acclimated rats. The NA infusions caused a significant elevation of the rectal temperature in cold-acclimated and NA-treated rats, but not in L-dopa-treated ones. NA-induced increase in the plasma NEFA level was less in extent in cold-acclimated rats than in warm-adapted ones. Similar difference in the NEFA increase was observed between NA-treated and control rats. Changes in plasma glycerol level were the same in cold-acclimated and warm-adapted rats and in NA-treated and control rats. NA-induced increase in blood sugar level was less in extent in cold-acclimated and NA-treated rats as compared to the increase in respective control rats. No consistent changes were observed in blood lactate concentration. From the results it was inferred that the responses to exogenous NA in NA-treated rats, but not in L-dopa treated ones, were similar to those in cold-acclimated rats. It was thus suggested that the chronic treatment with NA may produce similar metabolic state as in cold-acclimation.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1975

[Changes in blood constituents induced by noradrenaline infusion and acute cold exposure in rats treated chronically with noradrenaline and thyroxine (author's transl)].

Rats were treated with noradrenaline (NA), thyroxine (T4), NA plus T4, and NA plus ACTH for 28 days, and changes in rectal temperature and blood concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), sugar, and lactate were observed following NA infusion and acute cold exposure. Results obtained were compared with those found in cold-acclimated rats. NA infusion caused a marked elevation of the rectal temperature in cold-acclimated rats and NA plus T4-treated ones. No significant changes were observed in plasma NEFA level following NA infusion in cold-acclimated and NA-treated rats. Treatment with T4 tended to augment the lipolytic action of NA. Treatment with NA plus ACTH showed similar effect of augmented lipolysis. Changes in blood sugar level induced by NA infusion were small in cold-acclimated and NA plus T4 groups. Changes in blood lactate level were not significant in NA plus ACTH group. After acute cold exposure plasma NEFA level was low in cold-acclimated rats and high in NA plus T4-treated rats. Blood sugar level was slightly higher in cold-acclimated and NA plus T4-treated rats than in the other groups. Plasma lactate level showed relatively high values in T4 and NA plus T4 groups. It was thus suggested that metabolic patterns in cold-acclimated rats and in NA plus T4- as well as NA-treated rats were somewhat alike, but not always the same.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1975

[Sensitivity to noradrenaline and cold tolerance of rats treated chronically with ACTH and adrenocortical hormone (author's transl)].

Rats treated with ACTH and hydrocortisone for 4 weeks were infused i.v. with noradrenaline or exposed to cold at -15 degrees C for 2 hours, and changes in the rectal temperature and plasma concentrations of NEFA, sugar, and lactate were observed. Rats received single injection of ACTH and hydrocortisone, warm- and cold-acclimated rats were used as controls. In ACTH- and hydrocortisone-treated rats, the noradrenaline infusion caused a significant elevation of the rectal temperature, but lowering of the rectal temperature induced by the acute cold exposure in these treated rats did not differ from the changes in control groups. Moreover, considerable differences were found between these treated rats and cold-acclimated ones in plasma concentrations of NEFA, sugar and lactate after noradrenaline infusion and acute cold exposure. From the results it was inferred that chronic treatment with ACTH and hydrocortisone did not produce similar adaptive metabolic alterations to those found in the course of cold acclimation.

Acclimatization↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of simvastatin, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, on plasma lipids and steroid hormones.

Seven hyperlipidemic postmenopausal women received 2.5 mg of simvastatin daily for six months, 5 mg for four months, and 2.5 mg for two months. During treatment, there were significant decreases in the patients' levels of plasma total cholesterol, phospholipids, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein (apo) B, apo E, and in the ratios of low-density lipoprotein:high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apo B:apo A-I. Levels of high-density triglycerides increased significantly. Blood pressures tended to decrease. No significant changes in the plasma levels of cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone, testosterone, progesterone, or plasma renin activity were noted. Plasma aldosterone levels decreased significantly after nine months of treatment, but remained within normal limits. No other treatment side effects were recorded.

Aged↗