Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Y Abe

Publications and source records attributed to Y Abe.

At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Adjuvant chemotherapy for aged patients with gastric carcinoma].

The effectiveness of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy on aged patients (more than 70 years old) with resectable gastric carcinoma was examined in our Department. Of the 178 patients, 75 patients received the drugs on various regimen and 103 patients had no chemotherapy a control group). No significant difference was noted in patient characteristics of age, sex and curability. In advanced gastric carcinoma such as stage III and IV, a significant increase in long-term survival after surgery was obtained with combination chemotherapy or immunochemotherapy compared with the control group (P less than 0.05). On the other hand, there was no significant difference in a survival rate of the patients with stage I and II.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Control of renal blood flow].

Control mechanisms for total renal blood flow (RBF) or regional blood flow were reviewed. Physiological and experimental conditions will usually cause simultaneous activation of several control mechanisms. The many interactions and secondary effects through release of intrarenal hormones, i.e., the renin-angiotensin system, prostaglandins and the kallikrein-kinin system, complicate the picture even more; but they also make it easy, and tempting, to construct various feedback control systems for renal hemodynamics. 1. There is no functional evidence for renal vasodilator nerves, while both pre- and postglomerular resistance vessels are supplied by adrenergic constrictor nerves. Nervous vasoconstrictor tone is absent or low under basal conditions, but may be activated by a number of afferent stimuli. 2. Intrarenal distributions of adrenergic alpha- and beta-receptor are homogeneous and beta-receptor may be selectively located in the afferent arterioles. On the other hand, the distribution of dopamine and acetylcholine receptor is not uniform, and they are distributed more in the inner cortex than in the outer cortex. 3. The renal arterioles are highly sensitive to the vasoconstrictor action of angiotensin II and to the vasodilator action of prostaglandin E2 and bradykinin. Under basal conditions, there seems to be no resting "angiotensin vasoconstrictor tone" and "bradykinin vasodilator tone", whereas salt depletion and certain types of renal hypertension may be associated with sustained renal vasoconstriction caused by angiotensin II. 4. Autoregulation tends to keep RBF and GFR constant at varying arterial pressure. There is no direct evidence for a metabolic autoregulation of RBF and for a contribution of intrarenal humoral factors for autoregulation. Thus, in spite of only indirect evidence, a Bayliss mechanism is still an attractive hypothesis, and would in fact seems to satisfy more experimental observations than any other mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of quinine on methamphetamine-induced anorexia].

Two experiments were done to examine the effect of quinine (Q) on methamphetamine (MA)-induced anorexia in rats. They were fasted throughout (water allowed ad libitum) except for a period of 6 hr (10:00-16:00) every day when powder food was offered. In the first experiment, the drug-admixed food (DAF) method was used for testing the effect of MA in combination with Q and MA alone on food consumption and the growth curve. However, the possibility exists that MA plus Q-admixed food increases the aversive reaction. Considering this possibility, we used the injection method in the second experiment. Rats received Q orally by a stomach tube and MA by subcutaneous injection. The injection was made 30 min before the presentation of food. In the DAF method, food consumption and weight of the MA and MA plus Q groups were inhibited. The inhibitions of the MA plus Q group were more potent than that of the MA group. In the injection method, the inhibitions of food consumption and growth curve in the MA plus Q group were significantly different from that of the MA group and were dose-dependent on MA. Tolerance to MA, as index of MA- induced anorexia, developed rapidly in the injection method, while tolerance to MA in the DAF method did not develop during the experiment. These results indicate that Q can markedly potentiate MA- induced anorexia.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Cryogel studies for the optimization of cryofiltration (CF) therapy.

This study has shown that cryofilter plugging correlates with pretreatment pathologic macromolecule concentrations (e.g. rheumatoid factor and immune complexes) in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Pathologic macromolecules are concentrated relative to albumin in the cryogel. Molecular aggregation in the cryogel depends upon heparin concentration, exhibiting maximum aggregation in a specific range of heparin concentrations. Molecular aggregation in cryogel increases with decreasing temperature. In the use of cryofiltration in over 50 rheumatoid arthritis patients, clinical improvement has accompanied the removal of cryogel and the pathologic macromolecules it contains. Filter plugging or cryogel formation may be indicators of disease activity. Formation of cryogel is variable depending upon type of disease, severity of disease, temperature, heparin concentration, and membrane structure. These factors are important parameters to consider to optimize conditions for removal of cryogel and for continuing improvement of plasma therapeutic techniques for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1983

[Whole body autoradiography by positron emitting radionuclides].

The technique of freezing whole body autoradiography using positron emitting nuclides has been developed in the present study. Because of rapid decay of positron emitters, a frozen section to contact with a X-ray film must be prepared within a few hours. All the procedures to obtain autoradiograms of rats using 18F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG) or 11C-glucose-fructose mixture (11C-glucose) were described in detail. In the present technique, exposure must be performed at -20 degrees C to keep a section frozen. Density of X-ray films after exposure at 20 degrees C or -20 degrees C was examined using various radioactive sections. The reduction of the density exposed at -20 degrees C was observed. But the density exposed at -20 degrees C was proportional to the radioactivity. Freezing whole body autoradiography of rats bearing subcutaneous AH109A tumors was performed using 18F-FDG (half life of 109.7 min) and 11C-glucose (half life of 20 min). Density of tumors and other organs on the autoradiogram was comparable with tissue distribution studies of 18F-FDG and 11C-glucose. Freezing whole body autoradiography can be feasible for the analysis of tissue distribution on positron emitting radiopharmaceuticals.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Renal effects of piretanide in dogs.

Effects of 4-phenoxy-3-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-5-sulfamoyl benzoic acid (piretanide, Arelix) on renal function and hemodynamics were investigated in anesthetized dogs by clearance, stop-flow and radioactive microsphere methods. Marked diuresis occurred within 10 min after intravenous injection of piretanide (0.01, 0.05 and 0.25 mg/kg) and it was accompanied b natriuresis. Piretanide (0.25 mg/kg) clearly inhibited the reabsorption of solute-free water during saline diuresis, suggesting that the drug acts in the ascending limb of Henle's loop. Stop-flow experiments revealed that sodium reabsorption was reduced by piretanide (0.25 mg/kg) at the distal tubule including the ascending limb of Henle's loop. Piretanide (0.25 mg/kg) caused a maximum increase of about 30% in renal blood flow at 10-15 min after the injection; within the renal cortex the increase in blood flow was greater in the juxtamedullary area than in the superficial area. The increased blood flow in the inner cortex conceivably resulted in a washout of the osmotic substances in the medulla and inhibited the concentrating mechanisms of the kidney. The effect of piretanide on intrarenal hemodynamics may also contribute to its diuretic action.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Case report of adenoma of the duodenal papilla].

A 67-year-old woman was hospitalized with fever and jaundice. She immediately received PTCD because of obstructive jaundice. Hypotonic duodenography and endoscopic examination revealed a protuberance with an irregular surface at the site corresponding to the papilla Vateri. No evidence of malignancy was obtained from biopsied specimens of the lesion. Pancreatoduodenectomy was successfully performed. Histological examination of the resected specimen disclosed villous adenoma containing adenocarcinoma. The problems of histopathogenesis of cancer in adenoma arising in this particular region are discussed and the necessity of pancreatoduodenectomy in this particular neoplasma is emphasized.

Adenoma↗