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Biomedical subjects

Y Abe

Publications and source records attributed to Y Abe.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Prophylactic effects of a combined use of a cephem antibiotic, latamoxef, and tobramycin on postoperative infection in obstetrics and gynecology].

To prevent postoperative infection in obstetric gynecology, latamoxef (LMOX) and tobramycin (TOB) were intravenously administered to 81 patients at daily doses of 2 g and 120 mg, respectively, for 5 postoperative days, and the preventive effect of the combined drugs on postoperative infection were evaluated in terms of the clinical effects and safety. 1. The fever index was low as a whole; 3.38 +/- 2.30 degree hours in patients receiving simple panhysterectomy (n = 61), 3.21 +/- 3.84 degree hours in those given cesarean section (n = 12), and 3.53 +/- 2.78 degree hours in those given other surgical procedures (n = 8). 2. There were no abnormalities in hematological findings or liver and kidney functions 14 days after the surgery. PIVKA-II was observed in 3 of 32 patients 14 days after the operation, at a rate of 9.4%. 3. Except mild diarrhea which was observed in 7 of the 81 patients (8.6%) in 4 to 6 days after the operation, no subjective or objective side effects or postoperative complications were observed. The combined use of LMOX and TOB seems useful for preventing postoperative infection in obstetrics and gynecology in terms of its efficacy and safety.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Participation of baroreceptor reflexes in blood pressure and sympathetic nerve responses to a synthetic human atrial natriuretic peptide in anesthetized dogs.

The effects of a synthetic alpha human atrial natriuretic polypeptide (hANP) on systemic blood pressure and renal nerve activity were studied before and after sinoaortic denervation with vagotomy in anesthetized dogs. Intravenous injection of hANP (1 microgram/kg) in animals with the neuraxis intact produced a mild decrease in systemic blood pressure and a significant increase in renal sympathetic nerve activity. However, in animals with sinoaortic denervation and vagotomy, a profound fall in blood pressure occurred after administration of hANP. Renal nerve activity in these animals was reduced significantly, in parallel with decreases in systemic blood pressure. These results indicate that activation of peripheral baroreceptors minimizes the hypotension induced by intravenous injection of hANP, and may mask at least centrally mediated cardiovascular effects of hANP.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Galactose-specific lectin in the hemolymph of solitary ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi. Molecular, binding and functional properties.

Galactose-specific lectin isolated from the hemolymph of solitary ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi, has been further characterized. The hemagglutinating activity of the lectin is Ca2+-dependent. The lectin has a large molecular form as revealed by gel-permeation chromatography, sedimentation equilibrium and velocity measurement, and electron microscopic observation. The lectin is adsorbed to columns of blue-Sepharose and phenyl-Sepharose, and eluted with ethylene glycol, not with lactose or high concentration of NaCl. The lectin shows a stimulatory effect on the superoxide anion production by guinea-pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and the effect is inhibited, among various sugars, most strongly by melibiose.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-galactose: a new tracer for the measurement of galactose metabolism in the liver by positron emission tomography.

We prepared 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-galactose as a potential radiopharmaceutical for liver imaging and for the assessment by positron emission tomography of regional metabolic function of the liver. In biodistribution studies of rats, the liver uptake of the compound was very high, almost reaching a plateau (6.33% dose/g) at 30 min and remaining constant until 120 min. This high uptake was reduced by simultaneous administration of D-galactose, but D-glucose had no effect. The compound was much less concentrated in the liver that had been damaged by CCl4 treatment. Positron imaging of a rabbit liver showed a remarkable uptake of the compound with a high liver-to-blood ratio. The high concentration in the liver was also reduced by the administration of D-galactose. These data suggest that the compound was trapped in the liver by a metabolic process and could be used for the measurement by positron emission tomography of galactose metabolism in the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Assessment of radiotherapeutic effects on experimental tumors using 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of tumor volume and radiotherapy on the uptake of 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18FDG). The tumor models used were mouse mammary carcinoma MM48, FM3A, and rat hepatoma AH109A. Results were expressed as an 18FDG uptake ratio. This was the ratio of irradiated tumor uptake of 18FDG to unirradiated tumor uptake. The total tumor uptake was expressed as 18FDG uptake ratio multiplied by relative tumor volume. Following 20 Gy irradiation of the radioresistant tumor (MM48), the 18FDG uptake ratio was found to be unchanged, whereas in radiosensitive tumors (FM3A) the 18FDG uptake ratio was 0.37, the relative tumor volume was 0.31, and the calculated total tumor uptake was 0.11 on the eighth day after irradiation. The total tumor uptake was lower than the relative tumor volume. AH109A began to regrow after ten Gy irradiation, accompanied by elevated uptake of 18FDG on the seventh day. These results suggest that the 18FDG uptake by tumor is a good marker of radiotherapeutic effects as well as relapses of cancers and is more sensitive than morphological methods.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Crystal-matrix interrelations in brushite and uric acid calculi.

Brushite and uric acid calculi were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy with the partial dissolution method and transmission electron microscopy. Brushite calculi consist of radially oriented columnar crystals which have sheet-like substructure. The organic matrix is identified chiefly at the outside of the crystals but partly included between the substructure. The concentric matrix bands are often dislocated between the neighbouring crystals. Uric acid calculi also consist of radially oriented columnar crystals, and a fine meshwork of the organic matrix is incorporated within the crystals. The concentric matrix layers of different density are angled according to the crystal lattice. These findings indicate that the organic matrix arose from a mucinous surface coat, at least in the radially striated calculi. The crystals continued to grow in this gel-state milieu, either thrusting the matrix aside or incorporating it within the crystals.

Calcium Oxalate↗