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Biomedical subjects

Y Abe

Publications and source records attributed to Y Abe.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Relationship between plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentration and atrial pressure in acute and chronic heart failure.

Several reports have demonstrated a close correlation between plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentration and atrial pressure in stable heart diseases. However, few studies have investigated whether plasma ANP concentration is a noninvasive indicator of hemodynamic parameters during the treatment of heart failure. Thus, we have studied the relationship between peripheral plasma ANP concentration and concurrent hemodynamic variables during the treatment of heart failure, and, in order to determine whether secretion of ANP is stimulated in this disease condition, we compared the plasma ANP concentration in the pulmonary artery with that in the peripheral veins. Studies were performed in each of 9 patients with acute heart failure due to myocardial infarction (Group A) or chronic heart failure (Group B), who were matched as closely as possible for treatment, age, sex and cardiac output. In group A, no significant correlation was found between plasma ANP levels and any measured hemodynamic variables. In group B, peripheral plasma ANP concentrations were significantly correlated with left atrial pressure (r = 0.82, p less than 0.01), but not with right atrial pressure (r = 0.56, p greater than 0.05). Furthermore, in group B ANP levels in pulmonary arterial plasma were consistently higher than those in peripheral venous plasma, whereas in group A the opposite was observed in expired cases. These results suggest that measurement of peripheral plasma ANP is a useful noninvasive method for estimating left atrial pressure during the treatment of chronic heart failure. However, plasma ANP concentration may not be a valid means of estimating hemodynamic parameters in acute heart failure due to myocardial infarction. In such cases, the increased secretion of ANP was not obvious, and there may be other factors, in addition to atrial pressure, that regulate cardiac secretion of ANP.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[A study on mandibular incisal point movement of TM disorder patients].

In order to establish diagnostic and treatment system for temporomandibular (TM) disorder patients, data were collected on mandibular border and tapping movements at incisive point and compared with those from the subjects without any TM disorders. Significant differences on the ratio of left and right sides of maximum lateral deviation, maximum opening amount and length of pathway of lateral border movement were clearly obtained, the values of maximum speed and acceleration of closing phase in tapping movement obtained from TM disorder patients were also different significantly from those in the control subjects. These findings suggests that those measured indices in this study would be useful for diagnosis of TM disorders.

Dental Occlusion↗
PubMed1990

Cardiotoxicity in magnesium-deficient rats fed cadmium.

We studied the cardiotoxicity in magnesium (Mg)-deficient male rats fed 50 micrograms/g Cd for 45 consecutive days. Cd at a low concentration (0.28 ppm) in the heart induced cardiotoxic effects manifested by a decrease of the heart rate and weight and histopathological changes in the presence of Mg deficiency through Cd supplementation to a normal diet did not induce any cardiotoxic effect. Cardiac output (CO) did not increase in response to the decrease in the total peripheral resistance (TPR) in the Mg-deficient rats fed Cd, suggesting that supplementation of Cd to the Mg-deficient diet may lead to a decrease in the myocardial contractile function. However, supplementation of Cd to Mg-deficient diet also alleviated myocardial necrosis and Ca overload observed in the heart of Mg-deficient rats. The present data suggest that Cd ameliorates Ca overload in the heart of Mg-deficient rats but also may inhibit the release of Ca2+, which is a major determinant of the level of contractile force.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Influence of ventriculoatrial conduction on hemodynamic consequences in patients with artificial pacing].

To assess the hemodynamic consequences associated with ventriculoatrial (VA) conduction following pacemaker implantation, 22 subjects with the sick sinus syndrome were studied using two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) and Doppler techniques, including pulsed Doppler (PD). Pacemakers used were unipolar, programmable pulse generators which can operate in the DDD and VVI modes. A simultaneous strip chart recording of 2DE, phonocardiogram and ECG was obtained in each mode. Systolic time intervals (STI) and left ventricular diameters were measured using 2DE. Left ventricular ejection time (LVET) was determined from the aortic valve echo, which was the interval between the opening and closure of the cusp. Left ventricular pre-ejection period (LVEPEP) was the interval between the Q wave of the ECG and the opening of the aortic valve. Right ventricular (RV) STI were also measured using the pulmonary valve echo in a manner similar to that used with the aortic valve echo. Stroke volume and ejection fraction were calculated by conventional methodology. RVET was longer than LVET; RVPEP was shorter than LVPEP. These two STIs were shortened using an incremental pacing rate in each mode. Similarly, the stroke volume and ejection fraction decreased, depending on the pacing rate at a range of 50-110 b/min. RVET and LVET in DDD were longer than those in VVI. RVPEP and LVPEP in DDD were shorter than those in VVI. Stroke volume and ejection fraction in DDD were smaller than those in VVI. There was a significant difference (p less than 0.05) between DDD and VVI. These differences became significantly (p less than 0.01) greater between DDD without VA conduction and VVI with VA conduction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1990

An index for objective evaluation of the soft tissue profile.

Statistical analysis of the relationship between human perceptions and the physical characteristics of a sample of Japanese profiles led to the development of the Profile Aesthetic Index. The Profile Aesthetic Index is a composite of seven physical variables (five angles and two distances) measured on soft tissue profiles. The correlation between the index score and the mean rating score given by orthodontists and dental students was r = .80. Clinical validity of the Profile Aesthetic Index was examined by comparing the index scores before and after the surgical-orthodontic treatment of 50 patients. Potential uses and limitations of the index are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The treatment of unruptured tubal pregnancy with intratubal methotrexate injection under laparoscopic control.

Nine patients with unruptured tubal pregnancies of 6-9 weeks' duration were treated with methotrexate intratubal injection under laparoscopic control. Urinary hCG levels decreased immediately after completion of the procedure, with a median time of 11 days (range 1-29) to resolution. Tubal patency on the side of the ectopic gestation was confirmed by hysterosalpingography 1-3 months after the procedure in all cases. This method requires a reduced methotrexate dosage compared with intramural or intravenous therapy. The indications are unruptured tubal pregnancy of 4 cm or less in diameter and urinary hCG levels of 8000 mIU/mL or lower.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

CD8+ cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with pagetoid epidermotropism and angiocentric and angiodestructive infiltration.

A 68-year-old woman had a peculiar clinical course of cutaneous lymphoma. She first developed nonpuritic erythematous macules with fine scales followed by development of erythematous infiltrated plaques. The clinical course could be interpreted as that of mycosis fungoides. Histologically, the lesions showed pagetoid infiltration of atypical lymphoid cells. Suddenly, with high fever, numerous purpuric, ulcerated, or crusted plaques with underlying infiltration or nodules began to appear on most areas of the patient's body. Biopsy specimens of the lesions revealed angiocentric and angiodestructive infiltration by neoplastic T cells and marked epidermotropism of these cells. These atypical cells immunohistochemically had CD8+ surface phenotype. The patient died of respiratory insufficiency due to acute pulmonary infiltration. Autopsy demonstrated angiocentric and angiodestructive lymphomatous infiltration in the lung.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Cavum vergae, cyst of cavum septi pellucidi, mega cisterna magna, and general fibrosis syndrome].

One family of 17 cases of general fibrosis syndrome was reported. Four out of five patients examined with CT and/or MRI revealed cavum vergae or cyst of the cavum septi pellucidi or mega cisterna magna, which were characterized by existing on the midline of the brain. The patient with cavum vergae had also platybasia. In one patient, surgical correction of vertical deviation and blepharoptosis of both eyes was performed. There was abnormal insertion of the superior and inferior rectus muscles in posterior and nasal direction, and adhesion of the superior oblique muscle to the superior rectus muscle at the point of it's insertion was found in both eyes. Histopathological findings of the extraocular muscles of two patients showed mixture of relatively normal muscle tissues and vast amounts of collagen fibers. Electron microscopically many glycogen granules were found in muscle fibers. From these findings, this syndrome may be based on failure in development and differentiation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Surgical treatment of upper mediastinum involvement following thyroid cancer surgery].

Four cases with mediastinal nodal involvements after surgery for thyroid cancer were treated by tumor extirpation and mediastinal lymph nodes dissection. The removal were performed via the median sternotomy in three cases and partial resection of the clavicle in one case. The transsternal approach made it possible to remove the tumor with mediastinal lymph nodes safely and easily. It is generally sufficient to carry out dissection as far as the brachiocephalic vein. However, mediastinal nodal involvements extending below the brachiocephalic vein were seen in one of 4 cases. All patients are alive, including 2 cases with lung metastases. Initial aggressive surgical treatment of mediastinal recurrence is important for preventing the obstruction of the trachea or large vessels.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Intraperitoneal administration of the biological response modifier OK-432 and peritoneal recurrence following gastrectomy.

In patients with gastric cancer invading the serosa, there is often peritoneal dissemination. In an attempt to control such peritoneal recurrences, OK-432, a compound composed of penicillin G-treated, attenuated Streptococcus pyogens of human origin, was administered intraperitoneally at the time of gastrectomy. The non-specific antitumor activity of the peritoneal macrophages was investigated for its cytostatic activity against the cultured human lung cancer cell line, QG-90. OK-432 given intraperitoneally significantly increased the number of the peritoneal macrophages (p less than 0.05), and also enhanced the cytostatic activity (p less than 0.01). On the basis of these findings, OK-432 IP after gastrectomy was given to 13 of 68 patients with gastric cancer invading the serosa and who underwent curative resection. The five-year survival rate of patients given the drug was 63.5%, while the rate was 52.9% in those not given the drug. OK-432 IP seemed to be effective when lymph node involvement was nil or limited to around the area of the stomach. The peritoneal recurrence rate was, however, not affected by OK-432 IP. Elevation of body temperature and some dehydration were the only observed side effects of OK-432. In attempts to control peritoneal recurrences in patients with gastric cancer invading the serosa, randomized controlled trials on OK-432 IP are now being designed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[The use of the bio-pump with an interposed soft reservoir in replacement of descending thoracic aortic aneurysms].

The centrifugal pump (bio-pump) as a temporary shunt during the operation of the descending thoracic aortic aneurysms was used as effective means of providing adequate circulation to the lower body. But in the acute excessive bleeding, estimates of the flow to the abdominal viscera as well as spinal cord are variable. We employed bio-pump with an interposed soft reservoir under low dose systemic heparinization in 2 cases of the descending thoracic aortic aneurysms. Both cases had been maintained adequate flow and perfusion pressure in the time of acute excessive hemorrhage, and there were no evidence of the organ failures due to microembolism. Furthermore, postoperative hemorrhage by using low dose heparin seemed to be unrisky. Compared with the previous method, bio-pump with an interposed soft reservoir provides adequate circulation to the lower body even if acute excessive bleeding occurred.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of combined resection of aortic wall in lung cancer invaded aorta].

Left pneumonectomy with combined resection of aortic wall was performed for three patients with lung cancer invaded aorta. In clinical and pathological examination, the following results were obtained. 1: In all three cases, metastasized subaortic lymphnodes invaded to medial wall of the descending aorta. 2: Microscopically, invasion of aortic wall was limited to the adventitia adjacent to the muscle layer. We think that the resection of whole layer of the aortic wall was preferable. 3: The resections of aortic wall were performed under partial clamp of aorta in one case, and under total clamp with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass in two cases. If the area of invasion is wide, total clamp was recommended. 4: Two patients died of recurrent disease 56 months and 20 months after surgery. In the other one, postoperative empyema was occurred. He died of bleeding from the suture line of Dacron patch to the aortic wall three months postoperatively. Covering of the bronchial stump and the patch of the aorta should be considered to prevent postoperative empyema.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Quantitative evaluation of myocardial blood flow and myocardial fluoro-deoxyglucose uptake determined by PET before and after aorto-coronary bypass operation in patients with ischemic heart disease].

Absolute myocardial blood flow (MBF) and myocardial FDG uptake (MFU) in the fasting state were determined in 5 patients who underwent aorto-coronary bypass operation, using O-15 water, F-18 fluoro-deoxyglucose and dynamic PET before and after the operation. In the patent graft region, MBF was increased from 0.59 +/- 0.17 ml/min/g to 0.77 +/- 0.14 ml/min/g (p less than 0.05). Mean MBF was increased from 0.69 +/- 0.22 ml/min/g to 0.83 +/- 0.18 ml/min/g (p less than 0.05). MFU in the fasting state was significantly decreased in high MFU region compared with low MFU region (p less than 0.005). Quantitative evaluation of MBF and MFU before aorto-coronary bypass operation was quite useful to determine adequate indication of the operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[A case of severe tetanus associated with sympathetic overactivity].

A case of severe tetanus showing clinical features compatible with sympathetic overactivity (SOA) is reported. A 64-year-old man was admitted to our hospital 6 days after injury. The clinical signs of SOA developed on the second day in ICU. Through the clinical investigation of this case, we found out and insisted on some new concepts about the clinical features of SOA. 1. Lability of arterial pressure is parallel to that of catecholamine level in serum. 2. Two different types in SOA were found. One is dominantly lable type of Adrenaline and another is of Noradrenaline. 3. Drawing a sharp line between 2 types by assessment of circulatory data from Swan-Ganz catheter is significant for deciding therapeutic lines.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1989

Renal hemodynamic responses to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT): involvement of the 5-HT receptor subtypes in the canine kidney.

The study was designed to define the serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtypes in the canine kidney. An intrarenal infusion of 5-HT at a dose of 5 micrograms/min in anesthetized dogs resulted in a biphasic response of renal blood flow which decreased transiently then increased above the control level during prolonged infusion. The decrease of renal blood flow was abolished by infusion of methysergide but not by ketanserin, and the subsequent increase was abolished by infusion of either ketanserin or methysergide. Terazosin, an alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonist, did not modify the renal action of 5-HT. These findings suggest that the renal blood flow response induced by 5-HT did not depend on an indirect effect via the sympathetic nervous system, the initial vasoconstriction was mediated via a 5-HT1-like receptor, and that the latter vasodilatation was mediated via a 5-HT2 receptor. The infusion of 5-HT also increased urine flow and urinary excretion of sodium. These increases were reversed by pretreatment with ketanserin and abolished by methysergide. We propose that 5-HT may exert its antidiuretic action via a 5-HT1-like receptor in the tubules but that the renal hemodynamic changes induced by 5-HT may overcome its antidiuretic action. The present results suggest the existence of a 5-HT1-like and 5-HT2 receptor in the renal vasculature and a 5-HT1-like receptor in the renal tubules.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗