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Biomedical subjects

Y Abe

Publications and source records attributed to Y Abe.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Emergency coronary artery bypass grafting after left coronary artery rupture: a case report.

Coronary artery rupture has been known as one of the complications of coronary balloon angioplasty. In this report, we describe a case of coronary artery rupture, who underwent emergency surgery for hemostasis and coronary revascularization. A 67-year-old-male with frequent angina attacks was admitted to our institution for possible coronary angioplasty. Coronary angiogram showed diffuse disease of the mid left anterior descending artery (LAD), with two 90% stenosis. Conventional balloon angioplasty was performed, however, coronary artery rupture occurred while the stent was expanded with a 3.5 mm balloon catheter. Though pericardial drainage improved his hemodynamic state, subsequent coronary angiogram revealed leakage of contrast medium. Emergency surgery was determined at this point for hemostasis and revascularization of the LAD. The revascularization was completed with the left internal thoracic artery (LITA) to the LAD. On the contrary, since the epicardial hemorrhage around the proximal LAD did not spread any further after systemic heparinization, the epicardial surface was covered with a piece of oxidazed cellulose and fibrin glue. After the surgery, the hemodynamic state improved gradually. Postoperative coronary angiogram revealed an aneurysm of the LAD, as well as excellent LITA-LAD patency.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Coronary artery bypass grafting with arterial graft alone: radial artery and inferior epigastric artery used in combination].

UNLABELLED: We experienced 8 cases in which Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) was performed by the arterial graft alone with radial artery (RA) and inferior epigastric artery (IEA) used in addition to internal thoracic artery (ITA) and right gastroepiploic artery (RGEA). All the patients were male ranging in age from 50 to 66 years (mean 57.5 year). The number of anastomosis was 3 to 5 branches (mean 3.6 branches). IEA was anastomosed with LITA and used as a composite graft in all cases. As for the proximal anastomosis of RA it was anastomosesd with ascending aorta. On postoperative radiography of graft, LITA, RITA, IEA and RA were all patent and RGEA was occluded only in one anastomosis where it was sequentially used (96.6%). All the patients followed a satisfactory postoperative course, and no case developed any major complications. CONCLUSION: The use of IEA and RA made it possible to perform CABG using only the artery with excellent postoperative results and early patency rate of the graft.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Thrombospondin 2 gene expression is correlated with decreased vascularity in non-small cell lung cancer.

Stromal vascularity is thought to be a major factor involved in the progression of carcinoma. However, the crucial mechanisms of vascularization in the stroma are not well understood. Vascularity could be regulated by various cytokines produced by neoplastic or stromal cells in carcinoma. Thrombospondin (TSP) has an inhibitory role against vascularization in vitro, although the biological significance of TSP has not been characterized in vivo. We examined expression of TSP1 and TSP2 genes in 78 non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) and 33 extraneoplastic lung tissue samples by reverse transcription-PCR. TSP1 expression was detected in 66.7% (52 of 78) of NSCLCs and in 69.7% (23 of 33) of extraneoplastic lung tissue specimens. TSP2 expression was seen in 48.7% (38 of 78) of NSCLCs, whereas 72.7% (24 of 33) of extraneoplastic lung tissue samples showed TSP2 gene expression. TSP2 expression was significantly decreased in NSCLC as compared with extraneoplastic lung tissue (chi2 test, P=0.019). Vascularity in the NSCLC was inversely correlated with TSP2 gene expression (Mann-Whitney U test, P=0.009). Patients with adenocarcinoma positive for TSP2 gene expression (22 of 49) showed significantly better prognosis than those without TSP2 (27 of 49; Cox-Mantel test, P=0.034). TSP1 expression showed no apparent correlation with these factors. These results suggested that TSP2 had an inhibitory role against vascularization and progression of NSCLC.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗
PubMed1998

[A case of marginal zone B-cell lymphoma].

A 60-year-old woman had an abnormal shadow in the right lower lung field on chest roentgenogram. Transbronchial lung biopsy revealed findings consistent with malignant lymphoma, and a right middle lobectomy was performed. Pathological findings showed that tumor cells had infiltrated the epithelium, forming so-called lymphoepithelial lesions. Flow cytometric analysis of the resected specimen revealed that B-cell associated antigens (CD 19, 20) were expressed, and that the tumor cells were CD 5-, CD 10-. A marked increase in the number of lymphocytes with an IgM kappa component suggested monoclonal origin for the tumor cells in the resected specimen. Southern blot analysis showed clonal rearrangement of the heavy chain of the immunoglobulin gene. A diagnosis of malignant lymphoma of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue was made. This tumor was defined according to the revised European. American classification of lymphoid neoplasms as a marginal zone B-cell lymphoma.

Antigens, CD19↗
PubMed1998

[Endothelin receptor/physiological role].

Ten years have passed since endothelin (ET) was identified. The physiological roles of ET isopeptide family and its receptor subtypes have been much clarified by means of pharmacological, biochemical and molecular biological approaches. Especially, analyses with ET receptor blockers and approaches with gene-targeting of ET isopeptides and ET receptor subtypes accelerate the pace of investigations into the true physiological and pathophysiological roles of ET system. Here, we introduce the structure of ET receptor subtypes and their intracellular signal transduction. And, we discuss the physiological role of ET receptor subtypes on basis of information obtained from ET receptor-deficient mice.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

[Pulmonary pseudallescheriasis in a patient with diabetes mellitus and alcoholic liver cirrhosis].

A 62-year-old man with diabetes mellitus and alcoholic liver cirrhosis was admitted to the hospital because of hemoptysis. Chest X-ray films and computed tomograms showed a dense infiltrative lesion and a healed tuberculous cavity with a possible fungus ball in the upper lobe of the right lung. Bronchoscopy revealed that the hemoptysis originated from the right upper-lobe bronchus. The bleeding stopped after thrombin was applied into the bronchus. Filamentous fungi were seen in lavage fluid from the right upper-lobe bronchus. The fungi were identified as Pseudallescheria boydii, and pulmonary pseudallescheriasis was diagnosed. the patient was treated successfully with miconazole (400 mg/day) for 2 months. Pseudallescheriasis should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of aspergilloma-like lesions.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1998

[Gamma-knife radiosurgery for metastatic brain tumors from primary lung cancer].

Forty patients with metastatic brain tumors from primary lung cancer underwent radiosurgery (gamma-knife). We retrospectively compared their prior treatment history number of metastatic foci, and performance status, to evaluate the effects of, and indications for, gamma-knife therapy. After both the primary and the metastatic tumors were controlled, performance status could be used as an index in the choice of gamma-knife therapy. Our results demonstrate that repeated gamma-knife radiosurgeries prolonged survival time. Gamma-knife radiosurgery improves quality of life and prognosis of patients with metastatic brain tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Drug-induced pneumonitis with eosinophilic infiltration due to tosufloxacin tosilate].

A 74-year-old man had been given tosufloxacin tosilate for the treatment of acute bronchitis on December 6,1996. Seven days after initiating tosufloxacin tosilate treatment, the patient developed headache and a high fever. He was admitted for dyspnea and generalized erythema. Chest X-ray and chest CT revealed multiple patchy infiltrates in both lung fields and minimal pleural effusion. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid showed a marked increase in total cell number, and in the percentages of lymphocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils. Transbronchial lung biopsy specimens demonstrated prominent eosinophilic infiltration of the alveolar walls and spaces with fibrin formation. With the tentative diagnosis of drug-induced pneumonitis, all drug administration was discontinued and the patient was treated with corticosteroid. Following the initiation of corticosteroid treatment, dyspnea and erythema improved quick and chest X-rays became clear. The challenge test for tosufloxacin tosilate obtained positive results. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of eosinophilic pneumonia due to tosufloxacin tosilate was made. To our knowledge, no previous cases of pulmonary hypersensitivity to tosufloxacin tosilate have been reported.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Multidrug resistance-associated protein and mutant p53 protein expression in non-small cell lung cancer.

Multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) is one of the major factors for non-P-glycoprotein (PGp)-mediated multidrug resistance. We reported previously that overexpression of the MRP gene was related to the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It is unclear how MRP expression is regulated in NSCLC. In this study, we examined MRP and mutant p53 expression in 107 NSCLCs by immunohistochemical procedures. Forty-seven (43.9%) of these 107 NSCLCs were positive for MRP in the cytoplasm. Mutant p53-positive NSCLC showed a significant correlation with MRP overexpression (P=.011). Coexpression of MRP and p53 in the same cells of NSCLC was confirmed by double-staining procedures. Twenty-six patients with MRP-positive tumors who underwent postoperative chemotherapy with MRP-related anticancer drugs (vindesine and etoposide) had significantly poorer prognoses than did those with MRP-negative tumors (P=.017). This correlation between MRP expression and prognosis was also seen in Stage III patients (P=.022) and in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (P=.062). NSCLC patients with coexpression of MRP and p53 showed poorer prognoses than did those without MRP and p53 (P=.014). These results suggested that MRP overexpression affected by mutant p53 had a significant effect on prognosis through atypical non-PGp-mediated multidrug resistance in NSCLC.

ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters↗
PubMed1998

[Easy graphical display of beam directions in three-dimensional converging radiation therapy: proposal for a radiation map].

In stereotactic radiosurgery, non-coplanar isocentric beams are employed to concentrate the dose distribution on the planning target volume (PTV). However, the directions of incident beams must be determined with great care by using a digitally reconstructed beam's eye view (BEV) to prevent the irradiation of organs at risk. We present a new method of 2-dimensional graphical representation (radiation map) to facilitate the understanding of 3-dimensional relationships between incident beams and critical organs. After determining the isocenter and beam diameter, beam directions and critical organs are projected onto the imaginary sphere centered on the isocenter. The coordinate of the beam directions and the organs at risk can be expressed by latitude and longitude on the sphere. The contours of the organs at risk are displayed with a margin of the the radius of the radiation beam. Mirror images of the critical organs are also displayed to prevent irradiation by the opposing beams. The radiation map could be produced within 5 minutes using a workstation. Radiation maps, like DVH, will be very useful in the evaluation of radiation treatment planning.

Radiosurgery↗
PubMed1998

[A case of clinically diagnosed Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with serial MRI diffusion weighted images].

We reported MRI findings in a 49-year-old woman with clinically diagnosed Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). She was admitted to our hospital because of confusion, which initially appeared 5 weeks prior and was rapidly worsened. Two weeks later, she developed myoclonic jerks in her extremities with periodic synchronous discharges on EEG. Six months later, she became mutic. Brain MRI at 3 weeks after the admission demonstrated high signal intensities in the bilateral caudate nuclei and putamina on T2 weighted images (T2WIs). Diffusion weighted images (DWIs) showed hyperintensities in the basal ganglia and in the parietal and occipital cortices. Five weeks later, the abnormal intensities in the basal ganglia were still observed on T2WIs but decreased on DWIs. Five months later, the increased signal intensities in the basal ganglia had disappeared both on T2WIs and DWIs, but new hyperintensities appeared in the insula and the temporal area on DWIs. We concluded that DWIs may be useful for the demonstrations of a lesion in the cerebral cortex and the spread of lesions.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1998

[A 63-year-old man with progressive cauda equina/conus medullaris syndrome].

A 63-year-old man, whose father died of malignant lymphoma, developed subacutely cauda equina/conus medullaris syndrome progressed over 3 months. Initial radicular pain, ascending motor and sensory paralysis without sacral sparing, vesicorectal dysfunction were similar with signs of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula. However, mild inflammatory signs, raised serum LDH, predominantly of LDH 3, lymphocytic pleocytosis and elevated beta 2 microglobulin in CSF suggested neurolymphomatosis. It was not supported, however, after CSF immunocytochemistry, myelogram, CT, Gd-MRI and Ga scan. Spinal cord/nerve root vascular syndromes of intravascular lymphomatosis (IVL) according to Glass J et al. was suspected because of the unique neurological progression similar to Foix-Alajouanine syndrome, hypoxia without abnormalities in chest X-ray film, response to steroids and raised serum soluble IL-2 receptor. Multiple biopsies were performed with negative results. However, after all muscle biopsy confirmed IVL. The lower spinal irradiation was not effective. But CHOP regimen supplemented by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) brought about swift neurological improvement and protection from late complications. Self-limiting polyneuropathy emerged during the biweekly CHOP therapy, 6 courses for 12 weeks. Eventually he was neurologically improving 10 months after the chemotherapy and adrenal enlargement, which was possibly of metastasis, was only against complete remission. This case was good outcome by biweekly CHOP using G-CSF when compared with very high mortality in reported IVL cases besides vincristine neurotoxicity under compromised blood-brain/nerve barrier due to IVL might affect the functional recovery. This case with IVL implied raised soluble IL-2 receptor and progressive cauda equina syndrome/ascending myelopathy as diagnostic clues, and efficiency of muscle biopsy to confirm IVL.

Cauda Equina↗
PubMed1997

Prediction of transition to chronic atrial fibrillation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation by signal-averaged electrocardiography: a prospective study.

BACKGROUND: It is well known that paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) often precedes the establishment of chronic atrial fibrillation (CAF). However, there have been no definite methods to predict the transition from PAF to CAF. The purpose of this report was to determine prospectively whether P-wave-triggered signal-averaged ECG (P-SAE) is useful for the prediction of the transition to CAF in patients with PAF. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred twenty-two consecutive patients with PAF were prospectively followed after P-SAE, echocardiography, and 24-hour Holter monitoring at study entry. The duration (Ad) and root-mean-square voltage for the last 30 ms (LP30) of the filtered P wave were measured in P-SAE. The abnormality of P-SAE for the prediction of transition to CAF was defined as Ad > or = 145 ms and LP30 < 3.0 microV. Twenty-three (19%; group 1) of the patients had the abnormality of P-SAE, whereas the others (group 2) did not. During the follow-up period (mean, 26+/-12 months), 10 patients (43%) in group 1 acquired CAF, whereas the transition to CAF was observed in only 4 patients (4%) in group 2. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the transition to CAF was significantly observed more often in group 1 than in group 2 (log-rank test, P<.0001). The Cox proportional hazards regression model identified that the variables most significantly associated with the transition to CAF were Ad (chi2=8.6, P=.003) and LP30 (chi2=5.1, P=.02), although significant differences in the left atrial dimension (40.8+/-5.3 versus 37.3+/-5.5 mm, P<.01) and the number of atrial premature contractions (3641+/-4524 versus 1489+/-2895 beats/d, P<.05) were observed between groups 1 and 2. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that P-SAE could be useful to identify patients at risk for the transition from PAF to CAF.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Pharmacological characterization of a novel, orally active, nonpeptide bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist, FR167344.

To investigate the pathophysiological role of bradykinin and to develop a drug for inflammatory diseases, we discovered an orally active, nonpeptide bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist, FR167344, N-[N-[3-[(3-bromo-2-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-8-yl)oxymethyl]-2, 4dichlorophenyl]-N-methylaminocarbonylmethyl]-4-(dimethyl aminocarbonyl) cinnamylamide hydrochloride. This compound competitively displaced [3H]bradykinin binding to bradykinin B2 receptors present in guinea-pig ileum membrane with an IC50 value of 6.6 X 10(-10) M. In isolated guinea-pig ileum preparations, it also antagonized bradykinin-induced contraction with a pA2 value of 9.3. In human lung fibroblast IMR-90 cells, FR167344 displaced [3H]bradykinin binding to human bradykinin B2 receptors with an IC50 value of 1.3 X 10(-8) M, but not [3H]des-Arg10-kallidin binding to human bradykinin B1 receptors. In vivo, oral administration of FR167344 inhibited bradykinin-induced bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs and the bradykinin-induced hypotensive response for 6 h in rats. These results show that FR167344 is a potent, selective, orally active and long acting bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Novel anti-inflammatory compounds induce shedding of L-selectin and block primary capture of neutrophils under flow conditions.

Leumedins are small molecules that inhibit neutrophil movement into inflamed tissues. These compounds have been shown to inhibit the adherence of neutrophils in static adhesion assays mediated by beta2-integrins. We now report that leumedins, like activating agents, induce the loss of L-selectin from the neutrophil surface. The loss of L-selectin is unrelated to the inhibition of static adhesion, since neutrophils that have been pretreated with leumedins to cause shedding of L-selectin, followed by removal of drug, adhere normally in a static adhesion assay, and this adhesion is inhibited upon readdition of leumedin. In an assay of adhesion to endothelial cells under conditions of physiologic wall shear stress, leumedins prevent both primary capture of neutrophils mediated by L-selectin and firm adherence mediated by beta2-integrins.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1997

Isolation of a promoter region in mouse cytochrome P450 3A (Cyp3A16) gene and its transcriptional control.

An 11.5 kb fragment of the mouse Cyp3a16 gene containing the 5' flanking region was isolated from the lambda DASHII mouse genomic library. A part of the 5' flanking region and the first exon of Cyp3a16 gene were sequenced. S1 mapping analysis showed the presence of two transcriptional initiation sites. The first exon was completely identical to Cyp3a16 cDNA. The identity of 5' flanking sequences between Cyp3a16 and Cyp3a11 genes was about 69%. A typical TATA box and a basic transcription element (BTE) were found as seen with other CYP3A genes from various animal species Moreover, some putative transcriptional regulatory elements were also found in addition to the sequence motif seen for the formation of Z-type DNA. To examine the transcriptional activity of Cyp3a11 gene, DNA fragments in the 5'-flanking region of the gene were inserted front of the luciferase structural gene, and the constructs were transfected in primary hepatocytes. The analysis of the luciferase activity indicated that the region between -146 and -56 was necessary for the transcription of CYP3a16 gene.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Down-regulation of LH/hCG receptor in rat cultured granulosa cells.

Initial experiments established the experimental conditions necessary for the induction of LH receptor mRNA down-regulation in granulosa cells isolated from diethylstilbestrol (DES)-primed immature rats. LH/hCG receptor mRNA was first induced in granulosa cells by incubating them for 24 h with FSH. Exposure of granulosa cells to a second dose of gonadotropin caused a decrease in LH/hCG receptor mRNA and binding levels after 4 h. This effect was transient, by 12 h the mRNA levels had returned to control levels, and by 24 h the mRNA levels were higher than the control. To evaluate the ability of cAMP to down-regulate the receptor, cells were exposed to 8-Br-cAMP. The pattern of sustained decrease in LH/hCG receptor mRNA levels seen with 8-Br-cAMP was similar to that with gonadotropins. The presence of activin with FSH or hCG is more effective than FSH or hCG alone in inducing LH/hCG receptor down-regulation in rat granulosa cells. The LH/hCG receptor mRNA levels decreased in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of increasing concentrations (30-100 ng/ml) of activin with FSH. These observations indicate that an increase in cAMP causes down-regulation of LH/hCG receptor mRNA and contributes to the effect of FSH and hCG, whereas basal cAMP activity is required for LH/hCG receptor mRNA expression.

8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate↗