Biomedical subjects

Xinxiao Yu

Publications and source records attributed to Xinxiao Yu.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

[Forest ecosystem service and its evaluation in China].

Facing the relative lag of forest ecosystem service and estimation in China, this paper proposed to quickly carry out the research on the evaluation of forest ecosystem service. On the basis of the classification of forest ecosystem types in China, the service of artificial and semi-artificial forest ecosystems was investigated, which was divided into eight types, i.e., timber and other products, recreation and eco-tourism, water storage, C fixation and O2 release, nutrient cycling, air quality purifying, erosion control, and habitat provision. According to the assessment index system for global ecosystem service proposed by Costanza et al., a series of assessment index system suitable for Chinese forest ecosystem service was set up, by which, the total value of forest ecosystem service in China was estimated to be 30 601.20 x 10(8) yuan x yr(-1), including direct and indirect economic value about 1 920.23 x 10(8) and 28 680.97 x 10(8) yuan x yr(-1), respectively. The indirect value was as 14.94 times as the direct one. The research aimed to bring natural resources and environment factors into the account system of national economy quickly, and to realize the green GDP at last, which would be helpful to realize sustainable development and environment protection.

China↗

PubMed2005

[Effects of forest vegetation on runoff and sediment production on sloping lands of Loess area].

Based on the 1985 - 2003 fixed-position data in 9 runoff plots of Caijiachuan watershed in the Jixian county of Shanxi Province in loess area, this paper discussed the relationships between vegetation and runoff and sediment production on sloping lands of loess area. The results showed that natural-secondary forest had better function in soil and water conservation than artifical Robinia pseudoacacia forest, with runoff and sediment produced 65% - 82% and 23% - 92%, respectively. Multiple regression analysis indicated that runoff and sediment production had a significant correlation with rainfall and its intensity, but this relationship was decreased gradually with increasing canopy density. Different land-use type had different runoff and sediment production, e. g., Ostryopsis davidiana and natural-secondary forests had the least runoff and sediment production, artificial Robinia pseudoacacia and Pinus tabulaeformis forests had 5 folds of it as much as Ostryopsis davidiana forest, mixed apple trees and crops had 17.14 and 3.96 folds of it than Ostryopsis davidiana forest, respectively, while high-standard soil preparation could decrease the production obviously. Gray correlation analysis suggested that the stand canopy density and the biomass of herb and litter were the most important factors affecting the runoff and sediment production on sloping land, whose gray correlation degrees all exceeded 0.6. Mixed forest with multi-layer stand structure and shrub forest should be developed in vegetation re-construction of loess area, which could help to increase the coverage and litter thickness to dramatically decrease the runoff and sediment production on sloping land.

Betulaceae↗

PubMed2005

[Mechanism of watershed soil erosion control by vegetation].

From the view of hydrodynamics, this paper studied the acting mechanism of tree, grass and forest litter on slope runoff velocity and kinetic energy. The results showed that slope runoff head loss was related to slope gradient, forest density, net rainfall intensity and slope length. The relationship of water head loss with the distance among trees and the diameter at the ground of tree was Eoc (D/b)4/3. The grass on slope turned to be curved with s flowing, and thus, increased the bottom resistance of flow, and reduced the shearing stress of soil surface. Therefore, silt-carrying capacity decreased dramatically. The analysis of actually measured materials of each rainfall, runoff and sediment, and the comparison of Qiaozi eastern gully and Qiaozi west gully in Tianshui city of Gansu Province showed that under same precipitation condition, the runoff, sediment yield, flood peak discharge and maximum sediment transport rate in treated watershed was less than those in untreated watershed, suggesting that vegetation was obviously beneficial to water reservation and water and soil conservation.

Conservation of Natural Resources↗

PubMed2003

[Characteristics of soil water infiltration in sub-alpine dark coniferous ecosystem of upper reaches of Yangtze River].

Dark coniferous forest is the predominant type of vegetation in the upper reaches of Yangtze River. Difference among different types of soil exists. The sand content of soil is higher and the soil texture is coarser in the early stage of forest succession. The sand content of soil decreases with the advancement of the forest succession while that of soil in Abies fabri over-mature forest is the lowest. In slope wash soil, the sand content of soil decreases with the increasing soil depth. The soil porosity and soil water-holding capacity increases and soil bulk density decreases with the advancement of forest succession and decrease of soil depth. The deeper soil depth or the smaller soil water content are, the smaller the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of soil measured by CGA method. Moreover, the correlation of soil water content with unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of soil can be simulated by an exponential function. The saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil decreases exponentially with the increasing soil depth. The time to attain the stable infiltration rate is different among different soil depth, while the deeper the soil depth is, the longer the time needs. The variation in soil texture, soil physical properties and the high infiltration rate of soil there implicated that there are scarce surface runoff, but abundant in subsurface flow, return flow and seepage, which is the result of regulation by dark coniferous forest on hydrological processes.

China↗

PubMed2003

[Structural characteristics of Abies fabri forests at the upper reach of Yangtze River].

The structural characteristics of Abies fabri forest under different succession stages in Gongga Mountains at the upper reach of Yangtze River were studied. The results showed that in the mature Abies fabri forest, there existed abundant seeds and a few saplings of Abies fabri younger than 20 years, but only Abies fabri was the dominant regeneration species. In the poplar-fir mixed forest, the height growth of poplar and birch was very fast during first 30 years, and poplar and birch dominated rapidly over the canopy. Abies fabri had a lower growth rate and a strong shade-tolerance in its first growth stage, and could replace other tree species gradually. The cycle of mud-rock flow occurrence was above 100 years in the Gongga montane areas from elevation of 2800 to 3200 m. After mud-rock flow, poplar and birch often occurred and dominated, and there were only a small number of Abies fabri saplings in slash. Under natural condition, to recover Abies fabri forest would demand a long time, but this process could be controlled and improved by human activities.

Abies↗

PubMed2003

[Advance in researches on the effect of forest on hydrological process].

According to the effects of forest on hydrological process, forest hydrology can be divided into three related aspects: experimental research on the effects of forest changing on hydrological process quantity and water quality; mechanism study on the effects of forest changing on hydrological cycle, and establishing and exploitating physical-based distributed forest hydrological model for resource management and engineering construction. Orientation experiment research can not only support the first-hand data for forest hydrological model, but also make clear the precipitation-runoff mechanisms. Research on runoff mechanisms can be valuable for the exploitation and improvement of physical based hydrological models. Moreover, the model can also improve the experimental and runoff mechanism researches. A review of above three aspects are summarized in this paper.

Conservation of Natural Resources↗

PubMed2003

[Nutrient cycling in Castanea mollissima B1 forest at the Miyun reservoir watershed, Beijing].

Studies on the nutrient cycling in Castanea mollissima B1 forest at the Miyun reservoir watershed, Beijing, showed that the total biomass of the Castanea mollissima B1 stands at age 22 was 38,638 kg.hm-2, and the biomass of their stem, branch, leaf, blossom, chestnut, seed capsule and root was 20,160, 8,430, 1429, 873, 1024, 800 and 5,922 kg.hm-2, occupying 52.18%, 21.82%, 3.70%, 2.26%, 2.65%, 2.07%, 15.33% of the total biomass, respectively. The annual average growth amount of stem, branch, and root was 916, 383, and 269 kg.hm-2, respectively, and the total annual average growth amount was 5,694 kg.hm-2. The nutrient contents in different organs of Castanea mollissima B1 stands showed that the N content sequence was leaf > blossom > chestnut > seed capsule > branch > stem, P content sequence was leaf > blossom > branch > stem > seed capsule > chestnut, K content sequence was chestnut > blossom > leaf > chestnut > branch > stem, Ca content sequence leaf > seed capsule > branch > stem > blossom > chestnut, and Mg content sequence was leaf > blossom > branch > chestnut > seed capsule > stem. The storage of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in Castanea mollissima B1 forest was 89.47, 17.34, 74.68, 105.49 and 28.40 kg.hm-2, respectively. The nutrient annual assimilation was 79.17 kg.hm-2, the total annual returning amount 106.55 kg.hm-2, and the annual retention amount was 11.25 kg.hm-2. Among of the total returning, atmospheric dry and wet deposition was 38.36 kg.hm-2, and the litter returning was 58.08 kg.hm-2. The nutrient input was a little more than the output. The storage of the five nutrient elements in 0(-)-30 cm soil layer was 206,427.59 kg.hm-2, and their storage amount in stands only occupied about 0.15% of the total storage in soil. The absorption coefficient of the stands was N > P > K > Ca > Mg, the utilization coefficient was K > N > Mg > P > Ca, and the cycling coefficient was K > N > P > Mg > Ca. The turnover period of the N, P, K, Ca and Mg was 4.34, 7.51, 3.31, 12.90 and 6.45 yr, respectively.

Biomass↗

PubMed2002

[Review on landscape heterogeneity].

On the base of precedent studies, the occurring mechanism, classification, measurement methods, and the important role of landscape heterogeneity in landscape ecology were reviewed. The inner and outer uncertain factors result in landscape heterogeneity. Landscape heterogeneity has close relations with landscape stability, landscape design, architecture, management and disturbance, scale and ecological diversity in ecology. Complexity of landscape heterogeneity research, non-system of measurement indices and methods, difficulties and limitations of landscape heterogeneity modelling were all discussed respectively. In addition, it is suggested that the theory and methods of ecological complexity should be used to improve landscape heterogeneity research.

Data Interpretation, Statistical↗

PubMed2002

[Plot analysis in the dark coniferous ecosystem using GPS and GIS techniques].

It is generally difficult to survey in primary forests located on high-altitude region. However, it is convenient to identify and to recognize plots accompanied by GPS and GIS techniques, which can also display the spatial pattern of arbors precisely. Using the method of rapid-static positioning cooperated with tape-measure, it is concluded that except some points, the positioning was relatively precise, the average value of RMS was 2.84, variance was 2.96, and delta B, delta L, and delta H were 1.2, 1.2, and 4.3 m with their variances being +/- 0.6, +/- 1.1, and +/- 21.1, respectively, which could meet the needs of forestry management sufficiently. Accompanied by some other models, many ecological processes under small and even medium scale, such as the dynamics of gap succession, could also be simulated visually by GIS. Therefore, the techniques of "2S" were patent for forest ecosystem management under the fine scale, especially in the area of high altitude.

Altitude↗