Biomedical subjects

Xiao Wang

Publications and source records attributed to Xiao Wang.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed2005

Application of preparative high-speed counter-current chromatography for separation and purification of arctiin from Fructus Arctii.

Following an initial clean-up step on the AB-8 resin (polystyrene resin, 0.3-1.25 mm: NanKai Chemical Factory, Tianjin, China), high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) was used to purify an arctiin from an extract of the fruits of the Arctium lappa L. Arctiin is a major lignan compound in the traditional Chinese medicinal herb A. lappa L. The two-phase solvent system used was composed of ethyl acetate-n-butanol-ethanol-water at an optimized volume ratio of 5:0.5:1:5 (v/v/v/v). The upper phase was used as the mobile phase in the head to tail elution mode. A total amount of 159 mg of arctiin at 98% purity was obtained from 350 mg of the crude extract (containing 49% arctiin) with 91% recovery. The preparative isolation and purification of arctiin by HSCCC was completed in 5 h in a separation. Identification of the target compound was performed by LC-electrospray ionization MS and 13C-NMR. The structure of the product was further confirmed by comparison with authentic sample (National Institute of the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products, Beijing, China).

Arctium↗

PubMed2005

Autoimmune response to anti-apoptotic protein survivin and its association with antibodies to p53 and c-myc in cancer detection.

Survivin, an inhibitor of apoptotic protein, is over-expressed in many cancers but not in normal differentiated adult tissues. Recently, antibodies to survivin have been demonstrated in patients with lung and colorectal cancer. Whether antibodies to survivin can be used as a marker for the diagnosis of cancer, and how antibody to survivin is related to antibodies against tumor suppressor protein p53 and oncoprotein c-myc remains to be evaluated. In the present study, the full-length recombinant proteins survivin, p53 and c-myc, were expressed and used as antigens in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot for the detection of antibodies to these three proteins. Sera from 1137 patients with 11 different types of cancer were analyzed. Antibodies to survivin were detected in 8.4% (96/1137), with a significant difference from the control groups consisting of normal individuals and autoimmune disease patients (p<0.05). Of 1137 cancer sera, 546 were also tested for the presence of antibodies to p53 and c-myc. Frequencies of antibodies to p53 and c-myc were 11.5 and 12.3%, respectively. Although antibodies to either one of three antigens do not reach levels of sensitivity, which could become routinely useful in diagnosis, it appears that there are different patterns of antibody frequency in individual cancer type. The results also indicated that when the presence of antibody to any one of these three antigens was considered, the cumulative frequency was increased to 27.3% (149/546) for the total group of cancer patients. It became apparent from our data that the combination of antibodies might acquire higher sensitivity.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗

PubMed2005

Fungal degradation of metsulfuron-methyl in pure cultures and soil.

A fungal strain capable of utilizing metsulfuron-methyl as sole carbon and energy sources was isolated from a metsulfuron-methyl treated soil. The degradation characteristics of metsulfuron-methyl by this fungal strain were investigated in liquid culture and soil. More than 79% of metsulfuron-methyl at concentrations of 0.10 mgl(-1), 1.0 mgl(-1) and 10.0 mgl(-1) in pure culture was degraded by strain MD after incubation for 7 days, whereas only 5.6%, 8.6% and 13.1% of metsulfuron-methyl were degraded at levels of 0.10 mgl(-1), 1.0mgl(-1) and 10.0 mgl(-1) in the controls, respectively. The incorporation of strain MD into soil was found to substantially increase the degradation of metsulfuron-methyl. Degradation was 7.5 and 3.8 times faster in strain MD amended soils than in sterilized and fresh soils. The results show that addition of the isolated strain MD enhances degradation of metsulfuron-methyl in water and soil.

Arylsulfonates↗

PubMed2005

[Photooxidation of CS2 under ambient pressure and vacuum condition].

With the radiation of UV light, the photooxidation of CS2 was studied under ambient pressure and vacuum condition. By means of in-situ FTIR, XPS and GC-MS, it is confirmed that the products of the reaction are COS, SO2, CO and CO2. The reaction is apparent first-order. Under ambient pressure and vacuum condition the concentration of the intermediate product COS varies tremendously. Under ambient pressure the concentration of COS increases sharply and then decreases gently. While under vacuum condition COS rose only up to 1/10 that of the ambient pressure, and remained invariable until finally vanished slowly. Under ambient pressure and vacuum condition, the half life time of CS2 was 31.6 s and 39.8 s, and it took 55 min and 22 min to degrade 98% of COS respectively. Oxygen promotes CS2 photooxidation. The main products of the photooxidation of COS, which is an important intermediate of the photooxdiation of CS2, are CO2 and SO2. In addition, SO2 could be further oxidized into SO2(4-). Increasing appropriate amount of oxygen could promote the photooxidation activity of COS. However, the rate constant remains invariable when the oxygen is overloaded.

Air Pollutants↗

PubMed2005

Dissipation of chlorpyrifos on pakchoi inside and outside greenhouse.

The dissipation of chlorpyrifos on pakchoi inside and outside greenhouse was studied. The decline curve of chlorpyrifos on pakchoi could be described as first-order kinetic. The experimental data showed that both the hermetic environment of greenhouse and season affected dissipation rates of chlorpyrifos on pakchoi. Chlorpyrifos declined faster outside greenhouse than inside greenhouse. Chlorpyrifos residues at pre-harvest time were below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) fixed in China, whereas the values inside greenhouse were higher than those outside greenhouse by almost 50%. The recommended pre-harvest time established under conditions of open field might not always fit to greenhouse production.

Brassica↗

PubMed2004

An efficient new method for extraction, separation and purification of psoralen and isopsoralen from Fructus Psoraleae by supercritical fluid extraction and high-speed counter-current chromatography.

Psoralen and isopsoralen were extracted from Fructus Psoraleae (Psoralea corylitolia L.) by supercritical CO2. The effect of various parameters, i.e., pressure, temperature and sample particle size on yield was investigated with an analytical-scale supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) system to find the optimal conditions. The process was then scaled up by 50 times with a preparative SFE system under the optimized conditions of pressure (26 MPa), temperature (60 degrees C) and a sample particle size of 40-60 mesh. The yield of the preparative SFE was 9.1% and the combined yield of psoralen and isopsoralen was 2.5 mg/g of dry seeds. Psoralen and isopsoralen in the extract were separated and purified by high-speed counter-current chromatography with a two-phase solvent system composed of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (1:0.7:1:0.8, v/v), and the fractions were analyzed by HPLC, MS, 1HNMR and 13C NMR. The structures of the products were further confirmed by comparison with authentic samples (National Institute of the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products, Beijing, China).

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗

PubMed2004

Isolation and purification of honokiol and magnolol from cortex Magnoliae officinalis by high-speed counter-current chromatography.

High-speed counter-current chromatography was used to isolate and purify honokiol and magnolol from cortex Magnoliae Officinalis (Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils.), a plant used in the traditional Chinese medicine. A crude sample, 150 mg, was successfully separated with a two-phase solvent system composed of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (1:0.4:1:0.4, v/v), and the fractions were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The separation produced 80 and 45 mg of honokiol and magnolol with purities of 99.2 and 98.2%, respectively, in 2.5 h.

Biphenyl Compounds↗

PubMed2004

[Immunosuppressive therapies in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and tolerability of 4 immunosuppressants in treating Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). METHODS: Seventy-five untreated GO patients were enrolled in this study. The diagnosis of GO was based on the presence of the typical clinical features and exclusion of possible cranial/orbital diseases. In group A, 31 patients were randomly assigned to receive either prednisone (n = 16, treatment completed in 13 cases with doses of 40 mg, 20 mg and 10 mg per day for 4 weeks) or tripterygium wilfordii multiglycoside (TW, n = 15, 30 - 60 mg per day); in group B, 23 adults were randomized to receive cyclosporin A (CsA, n = 11, 5 - 6 mg per kilogram of body weight per day) or mycophenolate mofetil (MMF, n = 12, 16 - 18 mg per kilogram of body weight per day) therapy. The remaining 21 patients (control group) were given only anti-thyroid drugs and levo-thyroxine. The disease severity and therapeutic response were quantitatively assessed according to the Ophthalmopathy Index Scoring System from Given-Wilson (1989) with sensible modification. Improvement or progression of ophthalmopathy was defined if the difference, either increase or decrease, of the score, reached 3 or more in the ophthalmopathy index. If this did not occur, a lack of response was indicated. RESULTS: After 12 weeks, 7 of the 13 treated with prednisone improved and the remaining 6 lacked response. In the TW group, 10 of the 15 responded to the therapy; 5 had no change. There was no significant difference in clinical response between the above 2 groups (P > 0.05). Five CsA-treated and 11 MMF-treated patients responded to the therapy (45% vs 92%; P < 0.05). It seems that MMF is more effective than CsA in the treatment of GO, although a significant decrease (P < 0.01) in the mean score of the CsA group has also been shown at the end of the course. Four of the controls improved, 5 (24%) showed worsening of ophthalmopathy, and the remaining 12 (57%) had no significant change. In the prednisone group, 3 gained body weight by more than 5%, and 2 developed impaired glucose tolerance. These two and one of the three weight gaining patients ceased the therapy. CONCLUSIONS: New immunosuppressant MMF may be more effective than CsA in the treatment of Graves' ophthalmopathy. TW may be equally effective as and perhaps better tolerable than prednisone in the immunotherapy of Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Serum from partial hepatectomy rat and hepatocyte growth factor stimulate bone marrow cell expressing albumin and alpha fetoprotein].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of serum from partial hepatectomy (PH) rat and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on expression of albumin and AFP of bone marrow cells. METHODS: The bone marrow mono-nucleated cells were separated from SD rats and cultured in three groups: (1) The medium only group as control was added normal fetal bovine serum; (2) Rat hepatic injury serum group (was added 15% rat serum from 2-AAF+PH model); (3) HGF group (HGF 20 ng/ml). The role of these factors was determined by RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot, using AFP and albumin as special hepatocytic markers. RESULTS: By immunohistochemical staining and Western blot, the fresh bone marrow cells were AFP-negative, same as the cells cultured with medium only group. While bone marrow cells, co-cultured with rat hepatic injury serum or HGF at day 10 and 20, expressed AFP protein. AFP mRNA expression could be found in bone marrow cells after 10 and 20 days cultured with rat hepatic injury serum or HGF, but not in fresh bone marrow cells and bone marrow cells cultured with medium only. Albumin mRNA expression was weak in fresh bone marrow cell and increased in groups 2 and 3. CONCLUSION: The rat hepatic injury serum or HGF could stimulate the expression of AFP protein and it's mRNA of bone marrow cells. Also they can stimulate albumin mRNA expression. It seems that, in bone marrow, there is a kind of cells so called bone marrow derived liver stem cell which can express albumin mRNA in a weak style.

Albumins↗

PubMed2003

[Effect of berberine on the differentiation of adipocyte].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of berberine on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes into adipocytes and to elucidate its mechanism. METHODS: 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were cultured and then divided into 7 groups into whose media were added berberine of the concentrations of 0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 micro mol/L, 100 nmol/Linsulin, and 10 micro mol/L berberine + 100 nmol/L insulin. The proliferation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes was detected by MTT method. The accumulation of lipid in the cytoplasm of differentiated adipocytes was observed by oil red O staining. The peroxisome proliferation activated receptor gamma2 (PPARgamma2) mRNA and protein were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting respectively. RESULTS: MTT method showed that the absorbance at 570 nm of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes increased by 17% (P < 0.01), 36% (P < 0.001), and 22% (P < 0.05) in the groups of 1, 10, and 100 micro mol/L berberine, by 53% (P < 0.0001)in the group of 100 nmol/L insulin, and by 66% in the group of 10 micro mol/L berberine + 100 nmol/L insulin. There were less and smaller lipid droplets in the 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with berberine as compared with the untreated control cells and only 10% - 20% of the treated cells displayed big lipid drops. RT-PCR showed that berberine significantly reduced the expression of PPARgamma2 mRNA by 48% (P < 0.01) in the course of 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation. Western blotting showed that berberine inhibited the expression of PPARgamma2 protein. CONCLUSION: Berberine promotes the proliferation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, decreases the accumulation of lipid drops therein, and inhibits the terminal differentiation of adipocyte, which may be associated with its effect on decreasing the expression of PPARgamma2 mRNA and protein, suggesting that berberine has advantages in the treatment of obesity patients with type 2 diabetes.

3T3-L1 Cells↗

PubMed2003

[Infantil hepatitis syndrome combined with spur cell anemia: a case report].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital↗

PubMed2003

[The genetic analysis of a family with syndactyly and adactylism].

A family with syndactyly and adactylism was reported in this paper. There are four sufferers, suffering from syndactyly and adactylism, with the lack of metacarpus and metatarsus in two generations. According to genetic analysis, this disease is caused by autosomal dominant inheritance.

English Abstract↗

PubMed2002

Protective effects of ligustrazine on ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat kidneys.

To investigate the protective effects of ligustrazine on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, the influence of ligustrazine injection on plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and endothelin-1 (ET-1), as well as changes of morphology of renal tubules, were studied in rat kidney models with ischemia-reperfusion injury. The results showed that in the group treated with ligustrazine, the plasma SOD level was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05), but levels of plasma MDA and ET-1 and the pathological grading of injured renal tubules were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that ligustrazine has protective effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat kidneys.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Autoantibody responses in Chinese hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers in the world and is particularly prevalent in Henan, China. The objective of this study was to analyze the frequency and specificity of autoantibodies associated with HCC in Henan. In the present study, 137 sera from HCC patients, 77 sera from other liver diseases, and 30 sera from normal human individuals were examined for autoantibodies using immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and immunoprecipitation assays. Autoantibodies were detected in 80 of 137 (58.4%) HCC sera. Antinucleolar antibodies were seen more frequently in HCC compared to other liver diseases (9.5% vs. 1.3%, P < 0.05). Two nucleolar proteins-fibrillarin and NOR-90/ hUBF-were identified as autoantigens. The frequency of autoantibodies in HCC sera with known hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was significantly higher than that in sera without HCV infection (84.2% vs. 57.7%, P < 0.01). Another interesting finding was that autoantibodies to a 90-kDa cytoplasmic antigen were found in 21% of HCC patients. This is the first report on the frequency and specificity of autoantibodies in sera from Chinese patients with HCC. The data support that autoimmune responses to certain cellular proteins may be a by-product in the transformation to HCC, and further studies of novel targeted autoantigens in Chinese HCC may provide insights into how these proteins might be involved in malignancy.

Autoantibodies↗

PubMed2002

Tissue engineering skeletal muscle for orthopaedic applications.

With current technology, tissue-engineered skeletal muscle analogues (bioartificial muscles) generate too little active force to be clinically useful in orthopaedic applications. They have been engineered genetically with numerous transgenes (growth hormone, insulinlike growth factor-1, erythropoietin, vascular endothelial growth factor), and have been shown to deliver these therapeutic proteins either locally or systemically for months in vivo. Bone morphogenetic proteins belonging to the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily are osteoinductive molecules that drive the differentiation pathway of mesenchymal cells toward the chondroblastic or osteoblastic lineage, and stimulate bone formation in vivo. To determine whether skeletal muscle cells endogenously expressing bone morphogenetic proteins might serve as a vehicle for systemic bone morphogenetic protein delivery in vivo, proliferating skeletal myoblasts (C2C12) were transduced with a replication defective retrovirus containing the gene for recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-6 (C2BMP-6). The C2BMP-6 cells constitutively expressed recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-6 and synthesized bioactive recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-6, based on increased alkaline phosphatase activity in coincubated mesenchymal cells. C2BMP-6 cells did not secrete soluble, bioactive recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-6, but retained the bioactivity in the cell layer. Therefore, genetically-engineered skeletal muscle cells might serve as a platform for long-term delivery of osteoinductive bone morphogenetic proteins locally.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗

PubMed2002

High-intensity focused ultrasound in patients with late-stage pancreatic carcinoma.

OBJECTIVES: To observe the efficacy of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in the treatment of late-stage pancreatic carcinoma and evaluate its influence on cell-mediated immunity in the host. METHODS: Fifteen patients with late-stage pancreatic carcinoma had their tumor tissue completely destroyed with HIFU. Evaluation of efficacy was made on the basis of clinical symptom changes, variations in tumor echo, changes in pancreatic amylase, serum CA19-9 and CA242, CD3(+), CD4(+) subsets, CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratios and NK cell activity. RESULTS: Clinical symptoms such as pain were significantly alleviated, echo of tumor was enhanced with B-US, CA19-9 and CA242 were decreased and pancreatic amylase showed no change. Eating, sleeping and mental status were all markedly improved; no serious complications were seen. On the other hand, NK cell activity was significantly enhanced in 10 patients (P < 0.05), and CD3(+) and CD4(+) subsets as well as CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratios increased to different degrees. CONCLUSIONS: The use of HIFU in the treatment of late-stage pancreatic carcinoma is feasible and safe. It is effective in destroying the carcinoma and alleviating abdominal pain; it may enhance cell-mediated immunity in the host. This technique may offer a noninvasive therapy for the treatment of late-stage pancreatic carcinoma.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Generation of Dendritic Cells from Human Cord Blood CD34(+) Cells and Their Activation of T Cell-Dependent Antitumor Immune Response In Vitro]

To induce the growth and differentiation of dendritic cells (DCs) from human cord blood, CD34(+) cells isolated from human cord blood by mini-MACS were cultured in a liquid culture system with rhSCF, rhGM-CSF, rhTNF-alpha and rhFL for 10 days. Then the induced cells were characterized by DC's morphological and phenotypic properties. In addition, they stimulated the proliferation of allogeneic T cells and possessed an efficient capacity for initiating T cell-dependent antitumor immune responses in vitro. It is concluded that mature DCs could be obtained from human cord blood CD34(+) cells.

Journal Article↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cervical and peritoneal fluid cytology of uterine sarcomas.

OBJECTIVE: To study the cytologic features of uterine sarcoma. STUDY DESIGN: The pathology records of 102 patients with uterine sarcoma were reviewed. Four patients, including one case of leiomyosarcoma (LMS), one high grade stromal sarcoma (HGSS) and two malignant mixed müllerian tumor (MMMT), had abnormal cervical and/or peritoneal cytologic findings. Three abnormal cervical smears and two abnormal peritoneal fluids from these patients, including immunohistochemically stained sections of cell block, were reviewed. RESULTS: The diagnostic cells appeared in clusters or in isolation. They had enlarged and hyperchromatic nuclei. Occasional mitotic figures were seen. The cells were considered suspicious for malignancy in cervical smears of HGSS and in the peritoneal fluid of LMS. Adenocarcinoma cells were identified in both the cervical smear and peritoneal fluid of one patient with MMMT. Atypical cells were found in another patient with MMMT. CONCLUSION: Positive cervical or peritoneal cytology is uncommonly detected in association with uterine sarcomas. Even when abnormal cells are found, it may be difficult to give a definitive diagnosis of uterine sarcoma based directly on the cytomorphologic characteristics of cervical or peritoneal smears. However, such a possibility should be kept in mind by the cytopathologist to avoid missing the diagnosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗