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Xiang Yan

Publications and source records attributed to Xiang Yan.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

The CD4(+) regulatory T-cells is decreased in adults with latent autoimmune diabetes.

The latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a subgroup of type 1 diabetes, which procession of autoimmune destruction of beta-cells was slower than classic type 1 diabetes. To investigate the pathogenesis of LADA, we examined the lymphocyte subsets including the CD4(+)CD25(+) T-cells in 60 LADA patients and 30 patients of type 2 diabetes and 30 healthy individuals by FACS. And we compared the expression of FOXP3 mRNA in CD4(+) T-cell between 10 patients of LADA and 10 matched healthy individuals by real time PCR. The percent of CD4(+)CD25(+) T-cells were higher (11.89+/-4.96% versus 8.16+/-3.65%, P<0.01), and the percent CD8(+) T-cells elevated (24.58+/-6.80% versus 19.39+/-7.12, P<0.01) in LADA patients than healthy individuals. While the expression of FOXP3 mRNA in CD4(+) T-cell was markedly decreased in LADA patients (0.52-fold, n=10, P=0.004) compared with normal subjects. In addition, the percent of CD8(+) T-cells related with GAD-Ab titers in LADA patients (r=0.292, P=0.03). Our results showed that there were cellular immune disorder and decreased CD4(+) regulatory T-cells in LADA patients. The adoptive transfer regulatory T-cells seem to be a potential therapeutics for LADA.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Endomorphin1 and endomorphin2, endogenous potent inhibitors of electrical field stimulation (EFS)-induced cholinergic contractions of rat isolated bronchus.

In the present study, we determined whether endomorphin1 (EM1) and endomorphin2 (EM2), selective endogenous mu-opioid receptor (MOR) agonists, inhibited the response to EFS in rat isolated bronchus in a concentration- and frequency-dependent manner. EM1 (1 microM) produced significant inhibition at relatively low frequencies (< 5 Hz) (74.02 +/- 5.53%, 56.16 +/- 10.24% and 37.64 +/- 5.92% inhibition at 1, 2 and 4 Hz, respectively, p < 0.05 versus control), but no significant inhibition at 8, 16, 32 and 64 Hz (17.15 +/- 9.4%, 14.51 +/- 4.23%, 9.11 +/- 2.38% and 5.93 +/- 3.5%, respectively, p > 0.05 versus control). Similar modulations were observed in response to EM2 (1 microM). It is therefore considered that the inhibition effects of EM1 and EM2 may take place at frequencies under physiological conditions. Furthermore, EM1 and EM2 (0.01-10 microM) induced inhibition of cholinergic constriction in a dose-dependent manner at 1, 2 and 4 Hz. The inhibitory effect on EFS was blocked by the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone (10 microM), indicating that opioid receptors were involved. Neither EM1 nor EM2 (1 microM) had an effect on the contractile response to exogenous acetylcholine, indicating a prejunctional effect. All the results indicate that EM1 and EM2 are potent inhibitors of EFS-induced cholinergic bronchoconstriction. These also imply that EM1 and EM2 may modulate cholinergic bronchoconstriction under physiological conditions and that these tetrapeptides could have therapeutic potential in the treatment of airway diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Using of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in pediatric urolithiasis].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) using ureteroscope and pneumatic intracorporeal lithotripsy in the pediatric age group. METHODS: Twenty-two renal units in 15 patients underwent PCNL at our institute. The patients were all under 14 years old. The average age was 9 years (range 5-14 years). There were 7 bilateral, 8 multiple, and 5 staghorn calculi. The average calculus size was 2.0 (0.9-4.5) cm. The PCNL was done with an X ray-guided peripheral puncture, a planned staged approach in some cases, and minimal tract dilatation with the use of an ureteroscope and pneumatic intracorporeal lithotripsy. RESULTS: Complete stone clearance was achieved in 20 renal units, giving an overall clearance rate of 91%. Minor pyrexia (< 39 degrees C, < 2 days) was seen in 14 patients, whereas serious pyrexia was seen in 1. The average fall in hemoglobin was 10 g/L, but none of the patients required blood transfusion. CONCLUSIONS: It is safe and effective to cure pediatric urolithiasis with percutaneous nephrolithotomy using ureteroscope and pneumatic intracorporeal and pneumatic intracorporeal lithotripsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

The effects of age on the median effective concentration of ropivacaine for motor blockade after epidural anesthesia with ropivacaine.

Minimal local analgesic concentrations have been defined as the median effective concentration (EC50). In this study, we sought to examine the effect of age on motor blockade and determine the motor block EC50 of elderly patients after epidural administration of ropivacaine in patients undergoing urological or minor lower limb surgery. ASA physical status I-II patients were enrolled in 1 of 2 age groups (Group 1: > or =70 yr; Group 2: <70 yr). Each received a 15-mL bolus of epidural ropivacaine without epinephrine. The first patient in each group received 0.425%. Up-down sequential allocation was used to determine subsequent concentrations at a testing interval of 0.025%. Effective motor blockade was defined as a modified Bromage score >0 within 30 min. The motor blockade EC50 of ropivacaine was 0.383% (95% confidence interval, 0.358%-0. 409%) in group 1 and 0.536% (95% confidence interval, 0.512%-0.556%) in group 2 (P < 0.01). We conclude that age is a determinant of motor blockade EC50 of ropivacaine with epidural administration.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Involvement of midgastric transverse band in gastric emptying delay of functional dyspepsia.

BACKGROUND: Midgastric transverse band (MTB) was first observed over 100 years ago, after that many researchers worked on the subject postulated its physiologic role and the role in gastrointestinal diseases, but its function remains unclear. With progress of imaging methods, the nature of MTB is unveiling. In this study we investigated the effect of MTB on the gastric emptying delay in functional dyspepsia (FD) and explored the mechanism. METHODS: A total of 60 patients with FD and 65 age- and sex-matched healthy people who served as controls were studied. With (99m)Tc-DTPA labeled semi-solid fat-parched flour served as test meal, gastric emptying was examined in all subjects by using single photon emission computed tomography. Test meal was designated as general (60 g fat-parched flour) or large (80 g fat-parched flour) meal. Stomach was divided into proximal and distal parts by MTB. Half gastric emptying time, areas of different gastric parts, intragastric food distribution and MTB width were tested with in given times. RESULTS: Patients with FD showed a delayed gastric emptying and increased intragastric residue. Global and regional gastric emptying velocity was decreased. The areas of distal stomach and MTB were significantly greater in the FD patients than in the controls. Throughout the whole test period a distal stomach-dominated food distribution was shown. Those who took a large meal had longer half gastric emptying time and greater MTB area than those who took a general meal. CONCLUSIONS: Gastric emptying delay is related to enlarged MTB area. Some dyspeptic symptoms may be induced by abnormal distribution and increased retention of food in distal stomach. MTB, being like atria-ventricular valve that controls blood flow in heart, regulates transport, distribution, and emptying of food in the stomach.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Six-year follow-up of pancreatic beta cell function in adults with latent autoimmune diabetes.

AIM: To investigate the characteristics of the progression of islet beta cell function in Chinese latent autoimmune diabetes in adult (LADA) patients with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GAD-Ab) positivity, and to explore the prognostic factors for beta cell function. METHODS: Forty-five LADA patients with GAD-Ab positivity screened from phenotypic type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients and 45 T2DM patients without GAD-Ab matched as controls were followed-up every 6 mo. Sixteen patients in LADA1 and T2DM1 groups respectively have been followed-up for 6 years, while 29 patients in LADA2 and T2DM2 groups respectively for only 1.5 years. GAD-Ab was determined by radioligand assay, and C-peptides (CP) by radioimmune assay. RESULTS: The percentage of patients whose fasting CP (FCP) decreased more than 50% compared with the baseline reached to 25.0% at 1.5(th) year in LADA1 group, and FCP level decreased (395.8+/-71.5 vs 572.8+/-72.3 pmol/L, P<0.05) at 2.5(th) year and continuously went down to the end of follow-up. No significant changes of the above parameters were found in T2DM1 group. The average decreased percentages of FCP per year in LADA and T2DM patients were 15.8% (4.0-91.0%) and 5.2% (-3.5 to 35.5%, P=0.000) respectively. The index of GAD-Ab was negatively correlated with the FCP in LADA patients (r(s)=-0.483, P=0.000). The decreased percentage of FCP per year in LADA patients were correlated with GAD-Ab index, body mass index (BMI) and age at onset (r(s)=0.408, -0.301 and -0.523 respectively, P<0.05). Moreover, GAD-Ab was the only risk factor for predicting beta cell failure in LADA patients (B=1.455, EXP (B)=4.283, P=0.023). CONCLUSION: The decreasing rate of islet beta cell function in LADA, being highly heterogeneous, is three times that of T2DM patients. The titer of GAD-Ab is an important predictor for the progression of islet beta cell function, and age at onset and BMI could also act as the predictors.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

The relaxant effect of dobutamine on porcine coronary arterial ring segments.

The purpose of this study was to assess the direct effects of dobutamine on porcine coronary arteries and to investigate the mechanism of its action. Rings of coronary arteries from pigs were suspended in baths containing Krebs solution, and isometric tension was measured. The response to dobutamine (10(-8)-10(-3) M) was investigated in porcine coronary arterial rings contracted by KCl. The roles of endothelium, nitric oxide (NO), cyclic GMP (cGMP), prostaglandins and the adrenergic beta1, beta2-receptor on dobutamine-induced relaxation were also studied. Dobutamine inhibited the vasocontractivity to KCl and CaCl2, and relaxed porcine coronary artery. The relaxing response to dobutamine in coronary artery was significantly reduced by blockage of the adrenergic beta1-receptor, but not by removal of endothelium, blockage of the adrenergic beta2-receptor, inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase, guanylate cyclase and prostaglandin synthase. Our results suggest that dobutamine induces relaxation of isolated porcine coronary arteries via the adrenergic P1-receptor.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed2005

[Study on the postive frequency and distribution of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody in phenotypic type 2 diabetec patients].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the positive frequency and distribution of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody(GAD-Ab) in phenotypic type 2 diabetic(T2DM) patients. METHODS: Sera of 2035 phenotypic T2DM patients were screened for GAD-Ab with radioligand assay. The positive frequency of GAD-Ab and its relation with clinical features were analyzed. RESULTS: (1) The positivity of GAD-Ab in clinic-based, phenotypic T2DM patients was 7.1% (145/2035), comparable to that of data from Caucasians as shown by UKPDS(8.7% vs. 9.8%, P = 0.391) and ADOPT (8.0% vs. 4.2%, P = 0.000) but higher than that of Japanese in Ehime study(7.1% vs. 3.8%, P = 0.000). (2) The positive frequency and distribution of GAD-Ab titer were related to clinical features, including age at onset, body mass index (BMI) and fasting C peptide levels. Patients with younger age at onset (0.33 vs. 0.11, P < 0.05), less BMI (0.34 vs. 0.10, P < 0.05) and lower C peptide levels (0.38 vs. 0.11, P < 0.05) would have higher GAD-Ab titers. CONCLUSION: (1)The positivity of GAD-Ab in adult-onset phenotypic T2DM in Chinese was similar to that of Caucasians but higher than that of the Japanese. (2) The distribution of GAD-Ab titers was associated with clinical features, with high GAD-Ab titers for those having younger age at onset, less BMI and lower C peptide levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[The effect of atorvastatin on the expression of CD55, CD59 in patients with hyperlipidemia].

OBJECTIVE: To study the expressions of CD55 and CD59 in patients with hyperlipidemia and the effects of atorvastatin on it, and to identify the possible influential factors. METHODS: We selected 67 patients with hyperlipidemia, and 24 healthy people matched in terms of age, sex and body weight as control. The expressions of CD55 and CD59 on white blood cells were detected by flow cytometry, and their relationships to blood lipids, complement activation indexes (C(5a), sC(5b-9)), inflammatory factors (high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), TNF-alpha, IL-6 were analyzed. 24 patients with hyperlipidemia were treated with atorvastatin for 8-12 weeks and the expressions of CD55 and CD59 were measured before and after atorvastatin therapy. RESULTS: The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD55 lymphocytes and monocytes were decreased in patients with hyperlipidemia compared with control (2.07 +/- 0.28 vs 2.29 +/- 0.44 and 3.45 +/- 1.02 vs 4.33 +/- 2.32, P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). CD55 positive lymphocyte MFI was negatively correlated with waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, hsCRP and C(5a). C(5a) was negatively correlated with the MFIs of CD55 positive lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, and positively with TG and diastolic blood pressure. After atorvastatin therapy, the MFIs of CD59 positive lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes increased (4.34 +/- 1.16 vs 3.69 +/- 0.76, 4.52 +/- 1.36 vs 3.91 +/- 0.89, 5.67 +/- 1.72 vs 4.56 +/- 1.03, P < 0.05, < 0.05 and < 0.01 respectively), which were not correlated with changes of blood lipids. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of CD55 is down-regulated in hyperlipidemia, which might be influenced by obesity, abdominal distribution of adipose tissue and inflammatory status of hyperlipidemia, but not by blood lipids. The expression of CD55 is related with complement activation; The expression of CD59 is up-regulated after atorvastatin treatment independently of blood lipids.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

[Inhibitory effect of recombinant transforming growth factor alpha-pseudomonas exotoxin 40 on human bladder cancer cell proliferation].

OBJECTIVE: To study inhibitory effect of recombinant transforming growth factor alpha-Pseudomonas exotoxin fusion protein (TP40) on proliferation of the human bladder cancer T24 cells. METHODS: Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in cultured T24 cells was analyzed with Western blot assay. Human bladder cancer T24 cells were exposed to TP40 at 5 - 1 000 microg/L. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay was applied to evaluate the cell proliferation by measuring the absorbance (A) at 570 nm with a microplate reader. Tritium labeled thymine deoxyriboside ([(3)H]-TdR) uptake was measured to observe DNA synthesis. Competition assays were performed by the EGF at 1 - 7 500 microg/L. RESULTS: Expression of EGFR was high in human bladder cancer T24 cells. Cell growth was suppressed by 10%, 19%, 27%, 41%, 47%, 53% and 61% after 96 h treatment with TP40 at 5, 50, 100, 250, 500, 750 and 1 000 microg/L, respectively. [(3)H]-TdR incorporation was 80%, 69%, 48% and 51% after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h treatment with TP40 at 750 microg/L, respectively. When the concentration was 1 - 7 500 microg/L, EGF could block the inhibitory effect of TP40 to some extent. CONCLUSIONS: Human bladder cancer T24 cells express EGFR at a high level. TP40 could inhibit the growth of T24 cells effectively in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The cytotoxic effects of TP40 were specifically mediated by EGFR.

Cell Proliferation↗
PubMed2004

The relaxant effect of nociceptin on porcine coronary arterial ring segments.

Nociceptin (NC), alias orphanin FQ, has been identified as the endogenous ligand of the opioid receptor-like 1 receptor (ORL1). The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of nociceptin on porcine coronary arteries and to investigate the mechanism of its action, if any. Rings of coronary arteries from porcine hearts were suspended in baths containing Krebs solution, and isometric tension was measured. The response to nociceptin (10(-1)2-10(-5) mol/L) was investigated in porcine coronary arterial rings and also in such rings contracted with prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha). The effects of endothelium, nitroxide (NO), methylene blue, cyclic GMP (cGMP), naloxone, [Nphe1]NC(1-13)NH2, and propranolol on nociceptin-induced relaxation were also assessed. Our study showed nociceptin relaxed the porcine coronary arterial rings and inhibited the vasocontractivity to PGF2alpha. The relaxing response of nociceptin in coronary arteries was significantly reduced by removal of endothelium and by the presence of L-NNA, cGMP, and [Nphe1]NC(1-13)NH2, the selective nociceptin receptor antagonist, but not by naloxone, the nonselestive opioid receptor blocker or propranolol, which blocks the adrenergic beta-receptor. Our results suggest that nociceptin induces relaxation of isolated coronary artery through NO, cGMP, and ORL1.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Adult-onset latent autoimmune diabetes and autoimmune thyroid disease].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and thyroid autoimmunity. METHODS: The frequency of thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) and thyroglobulin antibody (TG-Ab) was determined with radioimmunoassay in 394 subjects, including 90 LADA, 104 classic type 1 diabetics (T1DM), 100 type 2 diabetics (T2DM) and 100 controls. Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GAD-Ab) was measured with radioligand immunoassay. RESULTS: (1) TPO-Ab existed more frequently in LADA (16.7%, 15/90) than in T2DM patients (7.0%, 7/100; P < 0.05). The frequency of thyroid antibody (TPO-Ab or TG-Ab positivity) in LADA and T1DM was 18.9% (17/90) and 25.0% (26/104) respectively, being higher than that in the control group (8/100, 8.0%; P < 0.05). (2) Thyroid antibodies occurred more frequently in LADA patients with higher titer of GAD-Ab (GAD-Ab > or = 0.5) than those with lower ones (50.0% vs 12.5%, P < 0.05). (3) 47.1% (8/17) of LADA patients with thyroid autoimmunity had thyroid dysfunction as compared with 17.6% (6/34) in the group without thyroid antibodies (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: (1) LADA patients, especially those with high titer of GAD-Ab, have high risk for thyroid autoimmunity. (2) The presence of thyroid antibody may predict high risk for thyroid dysfunction in LADA patients. (3) LADA may be one of the components in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Islet beta cell function in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults with islet cell antibodies].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the predictive value and influence of islet cell antibody (ICA) and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GAD-Ab) for beta cell function in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) patients. METHODS: Fifty-six patients with initially diagnosed type 2 diabetes (including 10 cases of GAD-Ab-positive alone, 14 ICA-positive alone, 7 GAD-Ab and ICA-positive and 25 GAD-Ab and ICA negative) were followed up every 6 months (except the 2nd year) until the 5th year. Their fasting and postprandial C-peptide and glycemic control were measured. GAD-Ab was determined by radioimmunoprecipitation assay and ICA by ELISA kit. RESULTS: Decreased fasting C-peptide was found in patients with GAD-Ab alone and patients with GAD-Ab and ICA in the 2.5th year and to the end of the follow-up. The percentage of patients whose C-peptide decreased 50% or more compared with the baseline in the above 2 groups reached 60.0% in the 3nd year and 71.4% in the 3.5th year, respectively. No changes of the above parameters were found in ICA-positive alone group and GAD-Ab and ICA negative group. Complete beta-cell failure was found in 4 of the 10 patients in GAD-Ab alone group and in 1 of the 10 patients in ICA and GAD-Ab positive group. The number of failure patients in GAD-Ab alone group was more than that of the other 2 groups (P < 0.05 in both groups). There was no significant correlation between ICA index and FCP. Multiple stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that GAD-Ab contributed much more to FCP than ICA did. CONCLUSION: The islet beta cell function decreases more quickly in GAD-Ab positive LADA patients than in ICA positive ones. The titer of GAD-Ab is an important prognostic factor in islet beta cell function, and the presentation of ICA-positive alone can not predict beta cell function in LADA patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Identification of the two subtypes of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults by glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 antibody titers].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical characteristics between type 2 diabetes and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and to define the two distinct types of LADA with different glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA) titers. METHODS: Sera of 750 patients with an initial diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were screened for GADA with radioimmunoprecipitation assay. The distribution and frequency of different GADA indices were described. Two hundred and ninety five patients were further studied and divided into four groups (T2DM; GADA index < 0.05; index > or = 0.5 and index > or = 0.05 but < 0.5) to compare the age of onset, body mass index, level of major component of adult hemoglobin (HbA1c) and C peptide as well as the rates of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and chronic complications. RESULTS: A total of 64 antibody-positive patients were identified. Compared with T2DM, these patients had younger age of onset, lower C peptide level (fasting C peptide 500 pmol/L vs 414 pmol/L, P < 0.01), lower body mass index (23.2 kg/m(2) vs 21.2 kg/m(2), P < 0.01) and also lower rates of hypertension (48.7% vs 31.7%, P < 0.05) and hyperlipidemia (60.2% vs 38.5%, P < 0.01). However, only the patients with high GADA titer had reduced beta cell function as compared with T2DM and low titer patients. Their diabetic complications were less than those of T2DM. Low GADA titer (index 0.05 - < 0.5) patients were similar to T2DM patients, except that they were prone to ketoacidemia. CONCLUSION: Two clinically distinct types of LADA can be identified by GADA titers. High titer GADA (GADA > or = 0.5) patients have more resemblance to insulin dependent diabetes and can be regarded as LADA-type 1 diabetes, while low titer GADA patients (0.05 - < 0.5) have clinical and metabolic phenotype of type 2 diabetes and can be regarded as LADA-type 2 diabetes.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibody levels discriminate two subtypes of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical characteristics between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) with different titers of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody (GADA) and to define the two distinct subtypes of LADA. METHODS: Sera of 750 patients with an initial diagnosis of T2DM from central south of China were screened for GADA using a radioligand assay. The distribution and frequency of GADA levels were described. Two hundred and ninety-five patients were divided into the T2DM group (n = 233) and the LADA group (n = 62) to compare the age of onset, body mass index, HbA(1c), C-peptide, hypertension, dyslipidemia and chronic diabetic complications. Furthermore, LADA patients with different GADA titers were subdivided to analyze the same indexes as the above. RESULTS: The prevalence of LADA (defined as GADA > or = 0.05, namely GADA positive) was 9.7% in the 750 initially diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. Compared with T2DM, LADA patients were younger at their ages of onset, had lower C-peptide and body mass index, and also had less cases with hypertension and with dyslipidemia. However, only patients with high titer of GADA had poorer beta cell functions and less diabetic complications compared to T2DM and low GADA titer of LADA patients. Patients with low GADA titer were similar to T2DM patients, except that they were prone to develop ketosis more frequently. CONCLUSIONS: Two clinically distinct subtypes of LADA can be identified by GADA levels in patients initially-diagnosed as type 2 diabetes. Patients with high titer of GADA (GADA > or = 0.5) subsequently develop more insulin dependency, which are classified as LADA-type 1; while those with lower GADA titer (0.05 < or = GADA < 0.5) and having clinical and metabolic phenotypes of type 2 diabetes are classified as LADA-type 2.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Metabolic syndrome and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and to study the positivity of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody (GADA) in diabetic patients with MS. METHODS: Sera of 598 patients with an initial diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) were screened for GADA with radioligand assay. These patients were divided into LADA and T2DM groups according to the titers of GADA to compare the prevalence of MS; the proportions of LADA in diabetic patients with and without MS were studied. We also compared the clinical characteristics of LADA patients with and without MS. RESULTS: About 23.7% of the LADA patients had MS. In patients with MS, the prevalence of LADA was 10.0%, of which approximately 95% had low GADA titers, that was, belonging to LADA-type 2. Compared with LADA patients with MS, LADA without MS were similar to classical type 1 diabetes and had features of low body weight, tendency to develop ketosis and impaired islet cell function. CONCLUSION: About 23.7% patients with MS are found in LADA patients. The GADA levels in LADA patients with and without MS are significantly different, which may need different therapeutic strategies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Metallomicellar catalysis: catalytic cleavage of p-nitrophenyl picolinate by Cu2+ complex of 4-chloride-2,6-bis(N-hydroxyethylaminomethyl)-benzophenol in micellar solution.

The hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl picolinate (PNPP) catalyzed by the Cu(II) complex of 4-chloride-2,6-bis(N-hydroxyethylaminomethyl)-benzophenol was investigated kinetically by observing the rates of release of p-nitrophenol in the presence of three surfactants, which are hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, n-lauroylsarcosine sodium, and polyoxyethylene23 lauryl ether, at different pH and 25 degrees C. The scheme for the reaction involving a ternary complex comprising ligand, metal ion, and substrate in a micelle was established, and the relative kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were determined, including first-order rate constant (kN), association constant (Ks) for ternary complex, and pKa for the hydroxide ion of the ternary complex. The reaction mechanism was discussed.

Journal Article↗