Biomedical subjects

X Zhou

Publications and source records attributed to X Zhou.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources

PubMed2000

[Impact of starvation on predation by male adult Chrysopa septempunctata].

The predation on Schizaphis graminum by male adult Chrysopa septempunctatata at various levels of starvation was examined in this paper. Th results showed that the functional reactive types of predator were not altered by its starvation duration, and the amount(Na) of catched S. graminum by C. septempunctata within 24 hrs varied with duration time(t), which could be expressed by the model: Na = 100/(1 + e-0.3088 - 0.0996t). The relationship between predation rate(v) and time(x) could be described as v = 6.7117 x-0.7928. The male adult predators preferred feeding on the young preys.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Gene polymorphism in apolipoprotein E and presenilin-1 in patients with late-onset Alzheimer's disease.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of apolipoprotein E (apoE) and presenilin-1 (PS-1) gene polymorphism with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS: A case-control study was undertaken to detect the polymorphism of apoE and PS-1 by polymerase chain reaction and digestion with the endonucleases of BspL I, Hha I and BamH I. RESULTS: The frequencies of apoE epsilon 3/4 genotype and epsilon 4 allele in late-onset AD (n = 42) were significantly higher than those of age-matched controls (P < 0.05). The frequencies of the apoE intron 1 enhancer (IE1) G/G genotype and G allele in late-onset AD were also significantly higher than those in controls (P < 0.05). The frequencies of the PS-1 1/1 genotype but not the 1 allele in AD were significantly higher than those in controls (P < 0.05). The apoE epsilon 4 allele was associated with a tripling of risk for late-onset AD compared with that with no epsilon 4 allele (odds ratio: 2.932). Homozygosity of the G allele in IE1 and 1/1 genotype in PS-1 was associated with a doubling of risk for late-onset AD, and odds ratios were 2.223 and 2.066, respectively. When the apoE epsilon 4 was controlled, the association between the IE1 G/G genotype AD was no longer statistically significant (P > 0.05). We sequenced the exon 4 of apoE in patients with late-onset AD, and found no other genetic polymorphism or mutation except for apoE epsilon 4 and IE1 G alleles associated with AD. CONCLUSION: apoE epsilon 4 gene appears to be the strongest gene risk factor for late-onset AD and its apparent association between the IE1 G/G genotype and late-onset AD is a consequence of the association between the epsilon 4 and IE1 G/G genotype. The PS-1/1 genotype is weakly associated with late-onset AD.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

Expression of fibronectin receptor, integrin alpha 5 beta 1 of hepatic stellate cells in rat liver fibrosis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of fibronectin (FN) receptor alpha 5 beta 1 in liver fibrosis. METHODS: Northern blot analysis and immunohistochemical techniques were used to observe changes in the expression of FN and FN receptor alpha 5 beta 1 on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in vivo and in vitro of rat liver fibrosis induced by CCl4. RESULTS: (1) alpha 5 beta 1 was mainly detected in the endothelia and some of the desmin(DM) positive cells of the sinusoids in normal rat liver. The expression of alpha 5 beta 1 of DM positive cells detected by immunohistochemistry reached its peak at the 10th week of the experiment. The changes in FN expression were similar to that of alpha 5 beta 1. (2) The expression of FN, alpha 5 and beta 1 mRNAs in the experimental group was remarkably increased especially at the 6th week, compared to that of normal liver specimens. The expression of the three mRNAs of HSCs in vitro isolated from the experimental group (6 weeks) was higher than those from normal liver. (3) The expression of FN, alpha 5 and beta 1 mRNAs increased in normal rat HSCs after treatment with transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) for 2 hours. After 4 hours of treatment, the expression of the three mRNAs fell to levels similar to the control group. Immunocytochemistry revealed that the expression of alpha 5 beta 1 of HSCs reached its peak after 4 hours of treatment with TGF-beta 1 and dropped to normal 2 hours later. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that HSCs normally express FN receptor alpha 5 beta 1. The activation of HSCs during liver fibrogenesis leads to an increase of FN, alpha 5 and beta 1 mRNA expression. The expression of FN and alpha 5 beta 1 of HSCs in vitro is up-regulated by TFG-alpha 5 beta 1. The detection of gene transcription of FN and its receptor by Northern blot analysis suggests the activation and proliferation of HSCs and thereby provides a sensitive signal of liver fibrosis.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

[The effects of taxol on different types of lymphoma cell lines].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of new anticancer drug taxol on different types of lymphoma cells and to explore the value of its clinical application. METHODS: Inverted microscope, light microscope, electron microscope, FCM and DNA gel electrophoresis were used to observe the effects of taxol on three different types of lymphoma cell lines, including Jurkat (T cell lymphoma), BJAB (B cell lymphoma, EBV negative) and Raji (B cell lymphoma, EBV positive). RESULTS: Taxol can inhibit the growth and induce the apoptosis of all the three cell lines, while different sensitivities and apoptosis extent. Jurkat cells were most sensitive, mainly showing apoptosis; BJAB cells were last sensitive, showing G(2)/M arrest before apoptosis; Raji cells were last sensitive, mainly showing G(2)/M arrest and only part of cells going to apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Taxol is a valuable chemotherapeutic agent for lymphoma. Its sensitivity differed with the types of lymphoma, EBV infection and the extent of induced apoptosis.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗

PubMed2000

[Analysis of social factors of pregnant women's cesarean section demands].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the reasons of pregnant women's cesarean section demands. METHODS: Matched case-control study and questionnaire investigation were conducted. We analyze the cesarean section indications of pregnant women admitted to the Second and Third affiliated Hospitals of Beijing Medical University. Each section caused by pregnant woman's demand was matched with one vaginal delivery according to matching criteria. Questionnaires were used to analyze social characteristics of the two groups of women and find the reasons of women's cesarean section demands. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Incorrect knowledge of delivery, fear of delivery pain, lack of vaginal delivery confidence and doctors' talk with pregnant women about risks of delivery have significantly different (P < 0.05) influences on the two groups. Those are the four important factors of women's cesarean section demands.

Anxiety↗

PubMed2000

[In vitro model of hyperacute rejections in swine to human xenotransplantation].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficiency of inhibiting hyperacute rejections in swine to human xenotransplantation through expressing human CD(59) protein on the membrane of cultured pig aortic endothelial cells (PAECs) by transgenic methods. METHODS: The cultured PAECs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were identified by fluorescent and immunohistochemical methods. The constructed eukaryorotic expression vectors containing the human CD(59) cDNA, LXSN-CD(59) were identified by the methods of restriction endonucleases cleavage, agarose gel electrophoresis, and polymerase chain reaction. LXSN and LXSN-CD(59) were transfected into the PAECs separately with lipofectinmine mediated method. Stable transfectants were selected using G418. Cells expressing maximum human CD(59) protein were selected by FACS. These clones were incubated with the media containing human serum or monkey serum. The LDH released into the media was measured to assess the function of the hCD(59) protein. RESULT: Comparing with the control cells, we found that the cells expressing the human CD(59) protein released less LDH when they were incubated with human serum or monkey serum (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Hyperacute rejections may be inhibited through expressing the human complement regulatory protein CD(59) on the membrane of PAECs by transgenic methods.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

[Acute mesenteric vein thrombosis: diagnosis and management].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the progress in diagnosis and management of acute mesenteric vein thrombosis (AMVT). METHODS: Fifteen patients with AMVT treated from January 1983 to November 1998 were reviewed retrospectively. They were 7 men and 8 women, aged on average 42 years. The duration from onset of symptoms to admission was 24 - 168 hours (mean 84 hours). RESULTS: Six patients were diagnosed before operation, while 9 during laparotomy. Two patients received conservative treatment and the rest underwent surgery. The average length of bowel resection was 300 cm. All the patients received anticoagulation therapy with heparin immediately after operation. Local thrombolytic therapy was given to 4 patients. Four patients died in hospital and two had sequelae of short bowel syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: AMVT is rare but a potentially lethal emergency disease. Early diagnosis, anticoagulation and appropriate surgical approach are essential to improve the prognosis. It is important to keep vigilance for AMVT in the patients in the hypercoagulation status, especially when the symptoms are inconsistent with abdominal signs. Color-US and CT appear to be sensitive in the diagnosis of this condition. Local thrombolytic therapy will be effective. Second-look is a necessarily procedure for reserving the bowel that may be alive. Laparoscopy technique will play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment for AMVT.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2000

[The modulating effect of panax pseudoginseng wall saponins on the DAG-PKC signal pathway and TNF secretion of macrophages].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the roles of panax pseudoginseng wall saponins on the DAG-PKC signal pathway and TNF secretion of macrophages. METHODS: The changes of the activities of postburn inositol lipid signal system factors such as PLC, DAG, cytomembrane PKC, cytoplasma PKC, and intracellular calcium concentration and the secretory amount of macrophage TNF were observed. RESULTS: Panax pseudoginseng wall saponins could reduce the increased PLC activity from 57.58 +/- 8.19 to 27.00 +/- 2.31 and the intracellular calcium concentration from 393.18 +/- 392.62 to 90.56 +/- 7.21. With the role of panax pseudoginseng wall saponins, DAG activity reduced from 488.10 +/- 40.20 to 288.30 +/- 30.00, cytomembrane PKC activity decreased from 3081.50 +/- 698.50 to 1699.50 +/- 218.50, and cytoplasmic PKC activity from 2 188.60 +/- 258.30 to 848.40 +/- 138.30. The secretory TNF amount of macrophage decreased by 55%. CONCLUSION: Panax pseudoginseng wall saponins might play an very important role in the modulating of the DAG-PKC signal pathway and decreased TNF secretion of macrophage.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

[Combined triple/multi-surgery of vitrectomy-lensectomy and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation].

OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility and safety of the combined triple/multi-surgery of vitrectomy-lensectomy and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. METHODS: Triple/multi-surgery was performed on 32 eyes of 32 cases, including 29 cases of serious eye injuries of traumatic cataract, lens luxation, vitreous hemorrhage (some cases with intraocular foreign body, iris damage or iridodialysis), 1 case with lens nucleus dislocated into the vitreous cavity during the senile cataract surgery and 2 cases with intraocular lens luxated into the vitreous cavity postoperatively. RESULTS: After follow up for 1 - 14 months (mean 5.6 months), 15 cases had the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) >or= 0.5 (46.9%), 11 cases had BCVA of 0.1 - 0.4 (34.4%), and 6 cases had BCVA < 0.1 (18.8%). There was an average of 2.10 DC of astigmatism after surgery. Macular edema was found in 14 cases (43.8%). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the triple/multi-surgery be safe and feasible. The major causes affecting the postoperative BCVA are astigmatism and macular edema. Proper selection of indication and skillful manipulation are the key points of the combined surgery.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[Ultrastructure study on extraocular muscle of infiltrative exophthalmos].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate histopathologic and ultrastructural changes of extraocular muscles (EOMs) in infiltrative exophthalmos in order to collect some evidences of pathogenesis. METHODS: Ten EOM samples in infiltrative exophthalmos were obtained after operation. Each of them was cut into two pieces. One of them was stained with HE and observed by light microscope. Another one was sectioned with ultrathin method and observed by transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: Under the light microscope, the extraocular muscular cells had no significant abnormality at the early stage, while at the middle and late stage, sarcoplasm coagulation, granular degeneration, vacuolization and necrosis were found in the cells. Under the electron microscope, there were disturbance and disappearance of the Z line in part of muscular fibers in early cases; at the middle and late stage, various degrees of sarcoplasmic reticulum dilatation, myofilament lysis and destruction with formation of vacuoles, secondary lysosome and remnant bodies were seen. In severe cases, the muscular cells could be completely destroyed and phagocytosed by macrophages, fibrosis occurred and myofibroblasts were found in some cases. CONCLUSIONS: The EOMs in infiltrative exophthalmos are destroyed in various degrees, and the muscular cells may be the target cells in Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Community -based comprehensive prevention and control of hypertension in China (CCPACH Study)-prevalence and epidemiological characteristics in urban and rural area].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the epidemiological features and prevalence of essential hypertension in the rural communities. METHODS: A community-based survey on essential hypertension was carried out in urban and rural areas involving 280,000 population. RESULTS: The prevalence rate of hypertension in age 35 years and over was 31.7% and 32.9% in urban and rural respectively; the average age of the patients' in urbans was significantly higher than in rural areas. Among non-hypertensive cases, more than 50% of the population having risk factors of hypertension in both urban and rural areas. Rates of treatment and control awareness of hypertension were 56.3%, 26.8% and 4.4% respectively in urban; comparing to 40.3%, 17.5% and 2.6% respectively, in the rural areas. More than half of the diagnosed patients before survey did not take antihypertensive medicine for treatment in both areas. The proportions the classification of hypertension were similar in both areas with majority of them, mild and isolated systolic hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: It was demonstrated that there is an urgent need to carry out comprehensive prevention and control for hypertension in urban and rural area.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Geographic information systems spatial analysis on transmission of schistosomiasis in China].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the epidemiologic status and geographical distribution of schistosomiasis in China. METHODS: Relevant detabases were set up after collection of data from two National Sampling Surveys on Schistosomiasis, in 1989 and 1995. Spatial analysis was undertaken after the database linked to the GIS software which was supported by Arc View 3.0a. Correlation analysis was performed to understand the relationship between rates of human infection and cattle infection. RESULTS: The epidemic areas of schistosomiasis with high risk are mainly distributed in the marshland along the Yangtze River and can be identified as five spatial distribution regions based on the results of spatial analysis. Both epidemic areas and positive rates of stool examination in cattle and water buffalo are much wider and higher than that in humans. The positive correlation was seen between infection rate in human and in cattle from data of both sampling surveys. CONCLUSION: The relevant strategy for schistosomiasis control in different spatial regions should be performed accordingly and the measures of control for cattle and water buffalo should be strengthened in the endemic areas.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[A clinical and epidemiological study of 86 cases on abused children].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical and epidemiological manifestations on abused children, in order to find ways of prevention. METHODS: Retrospective study was carried out clinically and epidemiologically on 86 cases abused children from 1998.1 - 1999.12. RESULTS: The sex ratio (male:female) in the abused children was 0.76:1. Most cases were 3 - 16 years olds. Abuse incidences were most commonly occurred in spring and winter, accounted for 32.56% and 33.72% respectively. Most abuses happened physically (45.34%), predominantly involved skin (30.23%) and parenchyma (11.27%). Mental abuse accounted for 24.41%. 14 cases resulted in death (16.27%). 55 (64%) of the abusers were illiterate or with poor education. CONCLUSION: The abused sites mostly involved skin and parenchyma, but also caused harm to children's mental health, even causing deaths. Most abused children were female and abusers had lower cultural background. Thus, we need to provide a sounding board, to work on child abuse preventin.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[A cross-sectional study on the effects of microcystin in drinking water to the health of human beings].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the effects of microcystin (MC) in drinking water on health of human beings. METHODS: In Taixing, a cross-sectional study was conducted in two middle schools with different types of drinking water, from which 111 and 92 students were randomly selected and investigated. Blood samples from all individuals were collected and tested for serum HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBe, anti-HBs, anti-HBc with enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay and for serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) contents by colorimetry. These levels of enzymes in sera were compared after the students were stratified according to the status of HBV infection. RESULT: With the exclusion of the effect of HBV infection, three enzymes levels in sera between two groups of students showed significant differences (P < 0.01), much higher in exposure group than those in control group. CONCLUSION: MC was possibly harmful to human beings in drinking water and induced the contents of some enzymes from the liver of human beings to increase in sera.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[Clinicopathologic study of angiogenesis in human hepatocellular carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To study clinicopathologic significance of microvessel density (MVD) and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human hepato-cellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: 30 HCC cases with neighboring noncancerous tissues, 10 liver cirrhosis cases, 5 mild chronic hepatitis cases and 4 normal liver tissue samples were stained with CD34, VEGF by immunohistochemistry method. Quantitation of sinusoid-like vessels and semi-quantitation of VEGF expression were performed and analyzed in conjunction with the clinico-pathological features of HCC. RESULTS: All HCC tissues showed diffuse CD34 expression and its site of distribution was somewhat corresponding to the original structure of sinusoid-like pattern, while CD34 was negative in the "sinusoid" regions of normal and chronic liver disease. Both MVD and VEGF were correlated to portal vein invasion of HCC, MVD was also correlated to the tumor size. The MVD of tumor less than 2 cm in diameter was significantly lower than that of tumors with a diameter of 2 similar 5 cm. The positive rate of VEGF in HCC was 83.3%. The expression of VEGF was also remarkable in the neighboring noncancerous tissues in which inflammatory cell infiltration was apparent. CONCLUSIONS: MVD and expression of VEGF were remarkably increased in HCC. Both were correlated with portal vein invasion. VEGF derived from tumor cells and noncancerous tissues may be associated with the angiogenesis of HCC.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Pathological study of the pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung].

OBJECTIVE: A clinicopathological study of 10 patients with pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung. METHODS: Histopathological and immunohistochemical staining for keratin, vimentin, Mac387, desmin, actin and S-100 protein were used for this study. RESULTS: Pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung was found to often occur in males above 50 years of age and with clinical symptoms including cough, expectoration, haemoptysis and chest pain. The most frequent microscopic diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma, accompanied by spindle and giant cells. The epithelial component of pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung displayed positivity for keratin and the spindle cells displayed positivity for vimentin. In some cases the neoplastic epithelial component and spindle cells showed positive expression of both keratin and vimentin. CONCLUSION: Pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung may display various histopathological changes making it easy to be misdiagnosed as carcinosarcoma. Understanding its pathogenesis and histopathology is important for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2000

[Taxol-induced apoptosis in Jurkat T cell lymphoma cell line and its molecular mechanisms].

OBJECTIVE: To observe whether antimicrotubular drug taxol can induce apoptosis in Jurkat T cell lymphoma cell line and the role of bcl-2 gene family in this process. METHODS: Different concentrations of taxol were used to treat Jurkat cells. Cell morphology was observed under light and electron microscope. Flow cytometry and electrophoresis were used to analyze DNA contents and DNA fragments. bcl-2 gene family proteins and mRNAs were studied by immunohistochemistry and semi-quantitative RT-PCR technique. RESULTS: Taxol could inhibit Jurkat cell growth. Within a certain range of treating time and dose, cells were induced apoptosis with a time and dose related manner. The expressions of bax protein and mRNA were increased and bcl-x(s) mRNA became detectable after taxol treatment. CONCLUSION: Taxol can specifically induce Jurkat cell apoptosis. It might provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment and a good model for studying apoptotic gene modulation. Bax and bcl-x(s) participate in the taxol induced apoptosis of Jurkat cells.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗

PubMed2000

[The effect of cardiopulmonary bypass on expression of myocardial nitric oxide synthase in patients for valve replacement].

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in patients for valve replacement. Ten adult patients were included in this study. CPB was initiated with a bubble oxygenator, aorta was clamped, and cold crystalliod cardioplegia was delivered into the aortic root. The myocardium of atrial appendage was obtained pre-CPB and 45 minutes post-CPB. The expression of three kinds of NOS isoenzymes was assessed by immunohistochemistry and microcomputerized image analysis. The results demonstrate that there are expression of nNOS (nervous NOS), iNOS (inducible NOS) and eNOS (endothelial NOS) in the atrial myocardium of patients for valve replacement. Compared with the expressions of NOS pre-CPB, the post-CPB expression of nNOS increased and that of eNOS decreased (P < 0.05), but no significant change in expression of iNOS was noted(P > 0.5). We belive that the decreased expression of eNOS may be related with the deficiency of nitric oxide release and may be responsible for tissue damage during CPB.

Adult↗