[Progress in the basic research of endometriosis].
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Endometriosis↗
Biomedical subjects
X Tan
Publications and source records attributed to X Tan.
[Influence of moderate hypothermia on the contents of 6-KETO-PGF1 alpha and TXB2 in brain tissues after cardiac arrest and resuscitation in dogs].
To investigate the effect of moderate hypothermia of whole brain (30 degrees C to 32 degrees C) on the levels of prostacyclin and thromboxane A2 in brain tissues after cardiac arrest and resuscitation. Twenty-one dogs were divided into four groups: Group A, nonischemic controls (n = 4); Group B, 15 minute cardiac arrest without reperfusion (n = 4); Group C, 15 minute cardiac arrest and standard resuscitation (n = 6); Group D, 15 minute cardiac arrest and moderate hypothermia (30 degrees C-32 degrees C). The results showed that as compared with those in Group A, the 6-Keto-PGF1 alpha levels remained substantially unchanged in Group C and D (P > 0.05), and the levels of TXB2 and TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1 alpha ratio increased significantly in Group C (P < 0.01), but both maintained basically stable in Group D (P > 0.05). In comparison with those in Group C, the levels of TXB2 and TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1 alpha ratio decreased dramatically (P < 0.01). It is concluded that the moderate hypothermia can depress the arachidonic acid metabolism and keep a certain balance between the activities of TXA2 and PGI2 during cerebral resuscitation.
6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
[Studies on the biological and clinical characteristics of acquired pneumonia caused by K. planticola].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of biological, and clinical epidemiology of acquired pneumonia caused by a new type of Klebsiella, K. planticola. METHOD: 9 strains of K. planticola were isolated from respiratory samples of patients, in vitro, biological and serologic identification were done, in vivo, infected animal models were also evaluated. Clinical epidemiological inquiries were also performed. RESULT: 9 strains' biological features were different from those of the other Klebsiella. The 9 patients' ages were over forty and the primary disease was the third type tuberculosis of lungs. Using of antituberculosis drugs for long term as well as penicillins might be the predisposing factors, corticosteroids were used in 3 of the 9 patients, Combined infection with other pathogens in addition to K. planticola occurred in 8 patients, in 7/8, Candida albicans was identified. Drug sensitive tests show that all of them were resistant to penicillins and sensitive to the second and third generation cephalosporins. CONCLUSION: The new strain of Klebsiella was studied and this information will be useful for diagnosing and treating K. platicola.
Adult↗
[The study of architecture of portable multiparameter physiological monitor].
The portable multiparameter physiological monitor now becomes a hot point of competition of international manufactures. The paper uses the UPM-2001 patient monitor as an example, studies the key points of design of portable-type monitor which breaks through the traditional architecture of desk-type monitor.
Computer Communication Networks↗
[Design and laboratory manufacture of "SUU-Type I" extra-luminal flow hollow fibre membrane oxygenator with microporous polypropylene].
The design and laboratory manufacture of "SUU-TYPE I" extra-luminal flow(ELF) hollow fibre membrane oxygenator are presented. The design is based on the O2 and CO2 transfer models in the cross-flow membrane oxygenator of Mockros and Pei. This paper also introduces the sketch of the membrane oxygenator, the structure of housing, the bundle of hollow fibres and the procedure of centrifugal potting. The self-made potting equipment and process of centrifugal potting are emphasized. The key know-how of centrifugal potting includes: (1) assuring the quality of the hollow fibre membrane material and the bundle; (2) calculating the quantity of potting material, polyurethane; (3) controlling reaction temperature; (4) removing gas from potting ends; (5) controlling rotation speed; (6) inserting the bundle in the house; (7) mastering the time of demoudling and cutting.
Equipment Design↗
[Research and application of cardiopulmonary-cerebral resuscitation].
A novel concept of cardiopulmonary-cerebral resuscitation (CPCR) has been proposed, in which a combination of technologies of the membrane artificial lung, mild hypothermia, centrifugal blood pump, heparin coated surfaces and blood shunting have been used. The present paper introduces the modern conception, history of CPCR, with emphasis on the brain(cerebral) resuscitation. Importance of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, mild hypothermia and centrifugal blood pump in cerebral resuscitation has been emphasized. Thereupon the new idea of the novel CPCR has been proposed and the design and laboratory manufacture of the equipment of CPCR will be carried out.
Brain↗
[An in-vitro evaluation of the Sichuan Union Univ-I membrane lung and mathematical modeling calculation].
A new ELF hollow fibre lung, Sichuan Union Univ-I(SUU-I), constructed in our laboratory was tested in vitro to evaluate its oxygen transfer performance before it undergoes expensive animal trial. The test rig, conditions, procedure and the modelling method are introduced in the present paper. The results demonstrate that the Sichuan Union Univ-I membrane lung possesses the gas exchange ability claimed in the AAMI standards, and approaches the levels of the widely accepted membrane lungs, MAXIMA (Medtronic, US), SARNS(3M, US) and SAFE-II (Polystan, Denmark). The in vitro technique described in this paper proved practical, economical, and simple in the design and manufacturing of a new type membrane lung, as well as in research and development of membrane lungs.
Carbon Dioxide↗
[In vitro testing of the intravenacaval respiratory assist device (I)--Pressure drop characteristics and oxygen transfer performance].
The intravenacaval respiratory assist device(IVOX) of three different sizes developed by the present authors were evaluated experimentally in vitro. The tests using in turn two different test chamber materials(rigid and elastic) showed that a pressure drop occured. The pressure drop was higher in rigid test chamber than that in the elastic one, and the pressure drop difference between these two kinds of chamber increased with the diameter of the bundle of IVOX. Oxygen transfer rate, with water as the medium in the tests, was augmented with increasing water flow rate and gas flow rate, and with decreasing inlet oxygen concentration in water. It was concluded that, to avoid bubbles produced by IVOX, the gas flow rate should be controlled with fixed outlet water pressure, and vacancy be used in the effluent gas system.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation↗
[Study on the supercritical-CO2 fluid extraction of Prunus mandshurica oils].
The paper reported technological study on extracting Prunus mandshurica oils by supercritical-CO2 fluid, mainly researched the influence of pressure, temperature, time and flow rate of CO2 on the oil yield, determined optimum technology of extracting the oils, compared the oils from SFE-CO2 and traditional technology.
Carbon Dioxide↗
[Pharmacognostical identification of Chinese drug wuxiangcao (Mosla soochowensis)].
In this paper, Chinese drug Wuxiangcao (Mosla soochowensis Matsuda) is made an initial study on character, microscopical and physicochemical sides. It provide a scientific basis for its comprehensive devlopment and ultilization, and to use in clinical.
Lamiaceae↗
[A preliminary report of the effect of levodopa and carbidopa for childhood amblyopia].
PURPOSE: To explore the short-term effect of levodopa and carbidopa in 36 children (4.5-14 years) with refractory amblyopia. METHODS: 36 cases of incurable childhood amblyopia treated with occlussion with visual acuity stably for 6 months were retreated by levodopa and carbidopa 1.5 mg/kg, 0.38 mg/kg respectively for 3 months. Visual acuity, fusional and stereoscopic function, retinal light sensitivity and scotomas were observed at 1 and 3 months after tablet taken. Medicine side effects were observed. RESULTS: At 3 months, the visual acuity of 88.89% eyes were improved(average 2.27 +/- 1.26 line), fusional and stereoscopic function were restored in 10 and 6 cases respectively. Retinal light sensitivity significantly increased, scotomas disappeared in 19 eyes and contracted in 6 eyes. The basic cure rate was 42.86% Less side effect were found. CONCLUSION: Average dose levels(1.5/0.38 mg/kg) of levodopa and carbidopa were an effective and secuity method to improve visual function of refractory childhood amblyopia.
Adolescent↗
Mechanism of monocyte-macrophage-mediated transmission of HIV.
Observations from our laboratory support the theory that HIV-infected monocyte-macrophages present in genital tract secretions have an important role in sexual transmission of HIV. Light and electron microscopy were used to study the behavior of HIV-infected, primary human monocytes. These cells progress on surfaces, putting forward a leading pseudopod from which they secrete HIV. When added to cultures of CD4-, cervix-derived epithelial cells, monocytes advanced between epithelial cells while secreting virus anteriorly. Epithelial cells subsequently become productively infected. Infection of epithelia could be blocked by sera from HIV-seropositive individuals. These findings support the supposition that transmission of HIV may occur via cell-mediated infection of intact epithelia. The observations also hint at the possibility that HIV-infected monocyte-macrophages in semen or cervical-vaginal secretions could cross intact epithelia by passing between epithelial cells. To test this hypothesis supravital-stained mouse macrophages were inoculated into the vaginas of mice. Four hours later numerous stained cells were observed in the connective tissue beneath the vaginal epithelium and in the iliac lymph nodes. We speculate that direct infection of epithelial cells and/or cell trafficking across epithelia may be involved in sexual transmission of HIV.
Animals↗
Degradation of retinoblastoma protein in tumor necrosis factor- and CD95-induced cell death.
The product of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene, RB, is a negative regulator of cell proliferation. Inactivation of RB does not interfere with embryonic growth or differentiation. However, Rb-deficient embryos show abnormal degeneration of neurons and lens fiber cells through apoptosis, suggesting that RB may protect against programmed cell death. Consistent with this notion, RB is found to be degraded in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- and CD95-induced death. A consensus caspase cleavage site at the C terminus of RB is cleaved in vitro and in vivo by proteases related to CPP32 (caspase 3). Mutation of the consensus cleavage site generates a cleavage-resistant RB which is not degraded during cell death. Expression of this non-degradable RB is found to antagonize the cytotoxic effects of TNF in Rb-/- 3T3 cells, but this mutant RB cannot attenuate the rapid death induced by anti-CD95 in Jurkat/T cells. These results show that RB is a target of the caspase family of proteases during cell death and suggest that the failure to degrade RB can attenuate the death response toward some but not all death inducers.
Animals↗
Regulation of platelet-activating factor receptor gene expression in vivo by endotoxin, platelet-activating factor and endogenous tumour necrosis factor.
A competitive PCR assay was developed to quantify platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor (PAF-R) transcripts in rat tissues using a synthetic RNA as a competitor. We found PAF-R mRNA constitutively expressed in the eight organs tested, with the ileum containing the highest concentration [(3.49+/-0.15) x 10(7) molecules/microg of RNA]. Significant but lower levels were also detected in the jejunum, spleen, lungs, kidneys, heart, stomach and liver. Furthermore we defined the regulatory role of inflammatory mediators in ileal PAF-R gene expression using a rat model of intestinal injury induced by PAF or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Injection of LPS or low-dose PAF resulted in a marked increase in ileal PAF-R mRNA within 30 min. The up-regulation on PAF-R elicited by PAF was biphasic, peaking first at 90 min, then again at 6 h. In contrast, LPS elicited a weak monophasic response. The second phase of PAF-R mRNA increase after PAF administration was completely abolished by WEB 2170, a PAF antagonist, and partially inhibited by antitumour necrosis factor (TNF) antibody. These observations indicate the involvement of endogenous PAF and TNF in this event. In conclusion, we found: (a) preferential PAF-R expression in the ileum, suggesting a role for PAF in intestinal inflammation; (b) induction of PAF-R expression in vivo by its own agonist; (c) a complex regulation of PAR-R gene expression in vivo involving a network of various pro-inflammatory mediators.
Animals↗
Overexpression and large-scale production of recombinant L-methionine-alpha-deamino-gamma-mercaptomethane-lyase for novel anticancer therapy.
The goal of the next generation of cancer chemotherapy is effective tumor-selectivity. A tumor-selective target with high therapeutic potential is the elevated methionine requirement of tumor cells relative to normal cells. We have termed the elevated requirement for methionine in tumors methionine dependence. To selectively target the methionine dependence of tumors for treatment on a large-scale preclinical and clinical basis, the L-methionine alpha-deamino-gamma-mercaptomethane-lyase (methioninase, METase) gene from Pseudomonas putida has been cloned in Escherichia coli using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The METase gene was then ligated into the pT7-7 overexpression plasmid containing the T7 RNA polymerase promoter and recloned in E. coli strain BL21(DE3). The pAC-1 clone was isolated by its yellow-orange color which is due to high enrichment of the pyridoxal phosphate-containing recombinant methioninase (rMETase) and distinguished rMETase-overproducer from rMETase-negative colonies. A scale-up production protocol which contained a heat step, two DEAE Sepharose FF ion-exchange, and one ActiClean Etox endotoxin-affinity chromatography columns has been established. The pAC-1 clone produces rMETase at approximately 10% of the total soluble protein and up to 1 g/liter in shake-flask culture. The protocol can produce therapeutic rMETase at the multi-gram level per batch with high yield (> 60%), high purity (> 98%), high stability, and low endotoxin. Purified rMETase is stable to lyophilization. The t1/2 of rMETase was 2 h when rMETase was administered by i.v. injection in mice. Studies of the antitumor efficacy of rMETase in vitro and in vivo on human tumors xenografted in nude mice demonstrated that all types of human tumors tested including those from lung, colon, kidney, brain, prostate, and melanoma were sensitive to rMETase. In contrast, normal cells were insensitive to rMETase in vitro and correspondingly, no toxicity was detected in vivo at the effective doses. In conclusion, the overexpression clone and large-scale production protocols for rMETase have enabled rMETase to be used as a tumor-selective therapeutic with broad indication and high promise for effective, low-toxicity human cancer therapy.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
CBFA2, frequently rearranged in leukemia, is not responsible for a familial leukemia syndrome.
We have identified a family with an autosomal dominant platelet disorder with a predisposition for developing myeloid malignancies and have previously demonstrated linkage of this trait to chromosome 21q22.1-22.2. The nearest flanking markers, D21S1265 and D21S167, define the familial platelet disorder (FPD) critical region at a genetic distance of approximately 15.2 centimorgans and physical distance of approximately 6 megabases. This locus is of particular interest as it has previously been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) through the (8;21), (3;21) and (12;21) chromosomal translocations. In each of these cases, the CBFA2 gene is rearranged. As well, there is a potential association of this locus with the hematologic abnormalities seen in Down syndrome (trisomy 21). To identify the mutant gene in this pedigree, a positional cloning strategy has been undertaken. Several candidate genes map to this locus including: CBFA2, IFNAR1, IFNAR2, CRFB4, GART, SON, KCNE1, SCL5A3 and ATP50. CBFA2, as well as IFNAR1 and CRFB4, were the focus of initial mutational analysis efforts. In this report, we exclude CBFA2 as a candidate by Northern and Southern blotting, RNase protection, single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP), direct sequencing and gel-shift analysis. Exons of the IFNAR1 and CRFB4 genes were also analyzed by SSCP and demonstrated no evidence of mutation. SSCP analysis identified a new polymorphism in the second exon of the CRFB4 gene and confirmed a previously described polymorphism in the fourth exon of IFNAR1. Efforts are currently underway to delimit further the FPD critical region and to analyze the other known candidate genes, as well as novel candidate genes, which map to this locus.
Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit↗
Adsorptive stripping voltammetry of bleomycin.
In 0.05 M H2SO4 solution, two reductive peaks, P1 and P2, of bleomycin were obtained. The peak potentials E(P1) and E(P2) were -0.83 and -1.09 V (versus Ag/AgCl), respectively. The sensitivity of P2 was much higher than that of P1. The peak current of P2 was proportional to the concentration of bleomycin over the range 1.0 x 10(-9)-1.0 x 10(-7) M with a detection limit of 5.0 x 10(-10) M using adsorptive voltammetry at an accumulation time of 120 s (Ei = -0.80 V). The behaviour of the reduction wave was studied and applied to the determination of bleomycin in mouse serum. The reduction process of P1 was irreversible with adsorptive characteristics and the adsorption behavior obeyed the Frumkin adsorptive isotherm. The adsorptive coefficient beta was 8.9 x 10(5), the interaction factor alpha was 0.94 and the Gibbs energy of adsorption delta G degree was -33.93 kJ mol-1. P2 was an irreversible adsorption peak with catalytic hydrogen properties.
Adsorption↗
[Significance and changes of plasma endothelin in patients undergone upper abdominal surgery].
We observed the changes of plasma endothelin, hemodynamic and electrocardiogram in twelve patients undergone upper abdominal surgery under epidural anesthesia. The results showed that mean artery pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, cardiac index, systemic vascular resistance, maximum left atrial pressure, maximum ascendant speed of artery systolic pressure and mean ascendant speed of artery systolic pressure were all significantly lower during intraab-dominal exploration than that of preanesthesia (P < 0.01). Mean artery pressure and systemic vascualr resistance kept low levels to the end of operation. Plasma endothelin was significantly higher at 1 hour after skin resection than that of preanesthesia (P < 0.01) and was apparently negative related with cardiac output(CO) and cardiac index(CI) during exploration(CO r = -0.9221; CI r = -0.8768), two patients' with myocardial ischemia were specially higher. We conclude that plasma endothelin is closely related with cardiac function and myocardial ischemia during operation.
Abdomen↗