Pathologic quiz case: an unusual cerebellopontine angle tumor.
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Actins↗
Biomedical subjects
X Sun
Publications and source records attributed to X Sun.
[Cases-Control association study and transmission disequilibrium test of T102C polymorphism in 5HT2A and Tourette syndrome].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether T102C polymorphism in 5HT2A (serotonin receptor 2A) is associated with Tourette syndrome. METHODS: Both case-control association analysis and Transmission Disequilibrium Test(TDT), in addition to polymerase chain reaction and RFLP technique were used in 157 trios with Tourette syndrome (TS) and 120 controls. A semi-structured "Schedule for Tourette and other behavioral syndrome" was used in family history-collecting. Both the criteria of "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders"(DSM-IV) and that of Tourette syndrome association (TSA) were used in the diagnosis of Tourette syndrome and related disorders. RESULTS: The association between T102C polymorphism in 5HT2A and Tourette syndrome comorbided with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) was found by genotype-wise analysis (chi(2)=8.38,P=0.004) and allele-wise analysis (chi(2)=4.84,P=0.028), which was further confirmed by TDT analysis (chi(2)=5.12,P=0.02). No evidence of association or transmission disequilibrium between 102T/C polymorphism in 5HT2A and this disease in pure TS and total TS sample was found. CONCLUSION: 102T/C polymorphism in 5HT2A is exclusively associated with Tourette syndrome comorbided with DSM-IV OCD, which may constitute an independent subtype of Tourette syndrome.
Adolescent↗
Puncturing methods for Fengchi (GB 20).
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Acupuncture Points↗
Targeting of protein kinase C delta to mitochondria in the oxidative stress response.
The cellular response to oxidative stress includes the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c and the induction of apoptosis. Here we show that treatment of diverse cells with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induces the targeting of protein kinase C delta (PKCdelta) to mitochondria. The results demonstrate that H2O2-induced activation of PKCdelta is necessary for translocation of PKCdelta from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria. The results also show that mitochondrial targeting of PKCdelta is associated with the loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and release of cytochrome c. The functional importance of this event is also supported by the demonstration that H2O2-induced apoptosis is blocked by the inhibition of PKCdelta activation and translocation to mitochondria. These findings indicate that mitochondrial targeting of PKCdelta is required, at least in part, for the apoptotic response of cells to oxidative stress.
3T3 Cells↗
[Forest soil seed bank and natural regeneration].
The characteristics of temporal dynamics and spatial distribution of forest soil seed bank and their effects on natural regeneration were reviewed in this paper. The density of the seed bank of forest soil, which is affected by the types and ages of forest, is lower than that of cultivated land and grassplot, and can vary widely. The extent to which the composition of forest soil seed bank is influenced by its counterpart plantation depends on the stages of succession. The dynamics of forest soil seed bank is the combined effect of periodical and random factors. It is suggested that forest soil seed bank is the material base of forest regeneration, and the configuration and function of forest soil seed bank would influence the ability and the direction of natural forest regeneration. According to the characteristics of forest soil seed bank and obstructive factors influencing regeneration, some artificial measures can be adopted to accelerate natural regeneration. Studies on the forest soil seed bank should focus on the application of basic theories of disturbed ecology, and regard the reconstruction of degenerative ecosystem and the succession of populations in the ecotone as the main contents to study. As for the research method, it is advisable to employ long-term and located observations.
Regeneration↗
[Hypercoagulation aggravates renal dysfunction in patient with diabetic nephropathy].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of hypercoagulation and renal dysfunction in patients with diabetic nephropathy(DN). METHODS: Forty six diabetes type II patients with nephrotic syndrome were divided into 3 groups according to 24 hr creatinine clearance (Ccr) as high, middle and low groups. Fourteen of the 46 patients received warfarin therapy. The parameters of coagulation and fibrolysis as well as renal function were examined. RESULTS: Patients with moderate and major renal dysfunction (M group and L group) displayed higher activities of coagulation than those with mild renal dysfunction (H group) did. Warfarin could obviously improve the status of coagulation and fibrolysis in patients with DN and delay the progress of renal dysfunction. CONCLUSION: Hypercoa-gulation was one of the causes of renal dysfunction in patients with DN.
Creatinine↗
[A community-based acquired immunodeficiency syndrome education intervention study in Kunshan county].
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based acquired immunologic deficiency syndrome (AIDS) educational intervention in young adults. METHODS: A quasi-experimental design was used. Two townships in Kunshan county, matched by socioeconomic characteristics, were randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. Eight hundred young adults aged 18-30 were recruited from the two townships as study subjects. A 12-month comprehensive educational intervention on AIDS prevention was conducted in the intervention group through local family planning services. RESULTS: After intervention, subjects in intervention group significantly improved their knowledge on AIDS and attitudes related to AIDS prevention. Reported rate of condom use during the last episode of sexual intercourse increased from 8.5% at baseline to 14.4% after intervention (chi 2 = 4.66, P = 0.030 8). No obvious change was observed among subjects in control group. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the feasibility of integration of AIDS educational intervention into the existing family planning services. Integration of AIDS programs into family planning program should be considered as a realistic approach for AIDS control in China.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
[Characterisation of transient outward potassium current (Ito1) in hypertrophied right ventricular myocytes from children with tetralogy of Fallot].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether a transient outward potassium current exists in children hypertrophy ventricular myocytes and to characterize its basic electrophysiological properties. METHODS: Currents were recorded using whole-cell patch-clamp technique from enzymatically isolated ventricualr myocytes obtained from hearts of 10 patients aged 0.4-5 with tetralogy of Fallot (F4) ranging in age 0.4-5 years. RESULTS: In almost all cells studied, a Ito1 could be recorded on depolarization to between -20(-)+60 mV under conditions in which Ca2+ current was blocked. The current density is 4.7 PA/PF +/- 0.6 PA/PF at 60 mV. Its inactivation time constants under tested potential 0, 20, 40, 60 mV were 123 ms +/- 6 ms, 131 ms +/- 11 ms, 122 ms +/- 6 ms, 122 ms +/- 6 ms Half-maximal activation occurred at 4.1 mV +/- 2.8 mV. Half-maximal steady-state inactivation was -41 mV +/- 4 mV. Recovery from inactivation was voltage-dependent and the time course was 83 ms +/- 4 ms. CONCLUSION: A moderate Ca(2+)-independent transient outward K+ current is present in hypertrophied human ventricular myocytes from children with tetralogy of Fallot, its basic characteritics are similar to Ito1 observed in other species and human atria.
Child, Preschool↗
[Cloning and analyzing of the conserved protein gene in Streptococcus sanguinis ATCC10556].
OBJECTIVE: To clone and analyze the conserved protein gene in Streptococcus sanguinis(S.s) ATCC10556. METHODS: Southern blotting hybridization, molecular cloning techniques and dot blotting hybridization were employed to obtain the target clone which harbored the specific DNA fragment. The nucleotide sequence of the target clone was determined. The gene and its product were analyzed by Genework software and bioinformatics techniques. RESULTS: The conserved protein gene in Streptococcus sanguinis ATCC10556 was cloned for the first time and named as Streptococcus sanguinis conserved protein gene (Sscp gene). The Genbank accession number for Sscp gene is AY032739. The conserved protein gene in S.s ATCC10556 (named sscp163) was a transmembrane protein and contained two AAA domains. CONCLUSION: sscp163 protein might take part in the cell division in Streptococcus sanguinis; its function is similar to that of FtsK in E.coli.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
[Study on the relation between the angiotensin converting enzyme gene and pregnancy induced hypertension].
OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between the 16th intron insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene and pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). METHODS: The 16th intron I/D polymorphism of ACE gene in 60 PIH women (PIH group) and 50 normal pregnant women (control group) was detected by PCR. The type of ACE gene in PIH group was assessed and the serum concentration of angiotensin II (AngII) was compared between PIH group and control group. RESULTS: ACE gene types in the PIH women included: insertion homozygote II, deletion homozygote (DD) and insertion/deletion heterozygote (ID). The gene frequency was 55.0% (33/60) for II, 26.7% (16/60) for ID and 18.3% (11/60) for DD respectively. The frequency of insertion allelotype (0.7) of PIH group was higher than that of control group (0.3) (P < 0.05). The Ang II concentration in DD type PIH women was higher than that in control group although the Ang II concentration in II type and I D type PIH was not different from control. CONCLUSIONS: ACE gene polymorphism in the PIH women included: insertion homozygote II, deletion homozygote (DD) and insertion/deletion heterozygote (ID). The concentration of Ang II in DD type PIH women was higher than in control. It is suggested that the pathogenesis of PIH may be connected with multiple genes and factors.
Adult↗
[Role of costimulating molecule CD86 in maternal-fetal immune regulation].
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of costimulating molecule CD86 in maternal-fetal immune regulation. METHODS: In abortion-prone (CBA x DBA/2) matings and non-abortion-prone (CBA x BALB/c) matings, the pregnant CBA females were injected intraperitoneally by purified rat anti-murine CD86 monoclonal antibody (mAb) with dosage of 100 micrograms at day 4, 6, 8 and 10 of gestation respectively, or injected only once at day 4 of gestation, or injected with purified rat IgG as control. The resorbing and non-resorbing embryos were enumerated at day 14 of gestation. RESULTS: The embryo resorbing rate in CBA x DBA/2 matings was 27.78%, and that in CBA x BALB/c matings was 8.42%. After injection of anti-CD86 mAb at day 4, 6, 8, 10 of gestation, the embryo resorbing rate reduced to 9.68% (P < 0.005) in CBA x DBA/2 matings, while that was 13.54% in CBA x BALB/c matings (P > 0.05). After injection of anti-CD86 mAb only once at day 4 of gestation, the embryo resorbing rate reduced apparently to 7.14% (P < 0.001) in CBA x DBA/2 matings, while that was 11.39% (P > 0.05) in CBA x BALB/c matings. CONCLUSIONS: Blocking the costimulating signal by anti-CD86 mAb at maternal-fetal interface, especially at the prime stage of maternal-fetal recognition (periods of implantation), may result in maternal-fetal tolerance, and hopefully the embryo resorption turns to normal pregnancy.
Animals↗
[Studies on lignocellulolytic enzymes production and biomass degradation of Pleurotus sp2 and Trametes gallica in wheat straw cultures].
Pleurotus sp2 and Trametes gallica were selected in this assay because of their high activities of lignocellulolytic enzymes and the enzyme peaks appeared at the early stage of liquid state fermentation. Solid state fermentation was also investigated for their abilities and behaviors of enzyme-production. The capabilities and characteristics of the two strains in degrading biomass were studied. When Pleurotus sp2 was incubated in wheat straw powder containing the liquid medium of low-nitrogen, no-carbon and high inorganic salt, the activities of MnP and Lac reached the peaks on the tenth day, but the activities of hemicellulases reached the peak on the 40th day. Pleurotus sp2 caused 17.6% of biomass loss. When T. gallica was incubated in wheat straw powder containing the liquid medium of hlig-nitrogen, or low-nitrogen, no-carbon and high inorganic salt, the activities of MnP reached the peaks on the tenth day, the lac and hemicelluloses on the 40th day, and the lignin peroxidases reached the peaks on the 50th day, and it caused more than 64% of biomass loss. Among them the hemicellulose was degraded by 71.96%, and the cellulose 66.21%. T. gallica was very capable of degrading lignin of wheat straw and caused 34.37% loss during 20 days, 46. 71% loss during 30 days and 70.14% loss during 60 days. It was interesting that T. gallica degraded lignin preferentially with respect to cellulose, which was very beneficial to biopulping of paper industry.
Basidiomycota↗
[Surgical treatment of old dislocated condylar process fractures].
OBJECTIVE: To analysis the result of surgical treatment on old dislocated condylar process fractures. METHODS: 22 cases of old dislocated condylar process fractures with a duration of more than 3 weeks (average 4.6 weeks) were treated by free and reimplantation of the dislocated condylar process. The postoperative result was evaluated on the basis of occluding relation and joint function, as well as radiographic assessment of condylar changes. RESULTS: Normal occluding relation was resumed in 19 cases after the operation. And there were 19 cases showing that the process was replaced in normal position, and homogeneous joint space and smooth cortex surface of the process were showed on pantomography also. The average mouth opening was 28.9 mm and the average mouth opening deviation was 6.3 mm before the operation reduced to 1.4 mm 6 months after the surgical treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The structure and function were recovered postoperation in 86 percent of the cases, with only slight complications in several patients. So the free and reimplantation was an effective method in treating old dislocated condylar process fractures.
Adult↗
[The change of tear secretion and tear film stability in castrated male rabbits].
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of androgen on tear secretion and tear film stability by observing the changes of ocular surface and tear film in the castrated male rabbit. METHODS: Sixteen male rabbits were selected and randomly divided into the normal control group (8 rabbits) and the castrated group (8 rabbits). Schirmer's tests, tear film break-up time (BUT) and rose bangle (rb) staining were performed on the eyes of two groups at 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks, 2 and 3 months. The Chiron Diagnostics ACS: 180 Automato Chemilluminescence Systems was used to determine the two groups' testosterone level in serum at pre-castrate and post-castrate. Results were analyzed statistically. Lacrimal gland, Harder's gland, conjunctiva, cornea and limbus were removed for observation histopathologically after three months. RESULTS: Both Schirmer's test and break-up time scores were significantly lower in the castrated group compared with the control group. The difference became more and more prominent in the course of observation. Rose bangle staining was positive in the castrated group. Testosterone level in serum was significantly lower in the post-castrate than that in the pre-cartrate. Histopathological observation showed that lacrimal glandular epithelial cells were atrophic and flat, the lumen of gland was enlarged and vesicular mucous in acinus cells disappeared. PAS positive material and conjunctival globlet cells were significantly decreased in the castrated group. Compared with the control group there were no significant morphologic changes in the corneal epithelium and limbal stem cells. CONCLUSIONS: The low level of testosterone in castrated rabbit may contribute to the atrophy and applanation of lacrimal glandular epithelium, disappearance of vesicular mucous in acinar cells and the significant decrease of the number of conjunctival globlet cells. All these can lead to decrease of both the quantity and quality of tear secretion and thus cause the instability of tear film.
Androgens↗
[Correlation between nutrient levels of vitamin A and zinc and HOX C4 gene expression in mice embryos].
OBJECTIVE: Correlation between nutrient levels of vitamin A and zinc and HOX C4 (3.5) gene expression in mice embryos was studied. METHODS: The Kunming female mice were divided three groups: deficient group (DG) fed with fodder deficient of vitamin A and zinc, replenished group (RG) fed with fodder deficient of vitamin A and zinc until the 7th day after conception and then fed with fodder rich in vitamin A and zinc, and normal group (NG), fed with normal fodder. After obvious symptoms of vitamin A and zinc deficiency appeared, the mice were mated. On the 12th day after conception, pregnant mice were killed and their levels of vitamin A and zinc were determined and the content of mRNA of HOX C4 (3.5) were determined for the embryos with situ hybridization. RESULTS: The level of vitamin A was 0.44 mumol/L, 1.03 mumol/L and 1.40 mumol/L, respectively and that of zinc 124.3 mg/kg, 152.1 mg/kg and 193.8 mg/kg in DG, RG and NG, respectively. The mRNA of HOX C4 (3.5) gene expression in mouse embryos increased significantly in DG, RG and NG (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Levels of vitamin A and zinc in the body of pregnant mice positively correlated significantly with their HOX C4 (3.5) gene expression, with coefficients of correlation of 0.78 to 0.99.
Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
[Gene rearrangement and p53 expression in defining the nature of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate gene rearrangement and p53 expression in defining the nature of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy. METHODS: DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of 44 angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AIL) patients and analyzed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for IgH and TCRgamma gene rearrangement. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect p53 protein expression. Thirty-five cases were followed-up. RESULTS: 12 out of 44 cases (27.3%) showed TCRgamma gene rearrangement and 2 (4.5%) showed IgH gene rearrangement. Rearrangement of both IgH and TCRgamma genes were detected in 2 cases (4.5%). 14 cases (31.8%) showed p53 positive expression, among which 12 showed positive rearrangement and 2 showed negative (P < 0.01). Eight out of 11 patients of positive gene rearrangement died in one year, while only 3 patients were still alive at the eighteenth month of follow-up, three of 24 patients of negative gene rearrangement were found dead at the time of the one year follow-up, while the rest 21 patients were alive and the longest survival time was 96 months. CONCLUSIONS: Gene rearrangement can define the pathological nature of AIL. The expression of p53 is highly related to gene rearrangement, and thus an important immunological marker in research on AIL.
Follow-Up Studies↗
[Analysis and applications of a PrP antibody elicited by synthesized human PrP peptides].
BACKGROUND: To further study the immuno-reactivity and specificity of a PrP antibody elicited by synthesized human PrP peptides. METHODS: Construction of a plasmid which expresses a N-terminus deleted human PrP protein and purification of this truncated protein. The prepared PrP antibody was tested for reaction with various prokaryotic expressed human PrP proteins,including the full-length protein,the N-terminus-and C-terminus-truncated proteins with Western blot. The antibody was also used in the immunofluorescence assays to identify the PrP proteins expressed from the cell lines transfected with human PrP genes. Moreover,the brain tissues from scrapie agents-infected hamsters and a CJD patient were extracted and the proteinase K-resistant PrP-res were analyzed with the prepared antibody. RESULTS: The PrP-peptide elicited antibody could recognize both prokaryotic and eukaryotic expressed human PrP proteins, as well as the PrP-res proteins in the brain tissues both from the scrapie-infected hamsters and CJD patient. CONCLUSIONS: The tested antibody possesses eligible immuno-reactivity and specificity and can be used for diagnosis of CJD in the clinical work.
Animals↗
One hundred and seven middle-aged and senile cases of coronary heart disease with ventricular premature beat treated by qing xin an shen fang.
The therapeutic principle of clearing away the heart-heat to induce tranquilization was adopted in 107 middle-aged and senile patients with ventricular premature beat of coronary heart disease on the basis of pathogenic features of phlegm, heat, blood stasis and deficiency in this condition. Qing Xin An Shen Fang ([symbol: see text] a formula for clearing away the heart-heat to induce tranquilization) was used in the treatment group and compared with mexiletine and Fu Fang Dan Shen Tablets ([symbol: see text] Compound Salvia Tablets) used in the control group. The results turned to be that the markedly effective rate was 85.1% and the total effective rate 96.3% in the treated group, better than that in the control group, with the former having a good antihypertensive and antihyperlipemic effect and an effect of improving microcirculation and clinical symptoms.
Aged↗