Biomedical subjects

X Sun

Publications and source records attributed to X Sun.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources

PubMed2000

[Effect of yimai jiangya extract on platelet activation and fibrinolytic activity and angiotensin II in aged patients with essential hypertension].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Yimai Jiangya extract (YMJYE) on platelet alpha-granule membrane protein (GMP-140), tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and its inhibitor (PAI), angiotensin II (AngII) in aged patients with essential hypertension (EH) of stage 2 caused by Qi deficiency and blood stasis. METHODS: Radioimmunoassay (RIA) and colorimetric analysis were used to examine the levels of GMP-140, t-PA, PAI and AngII before and after treatment with YMJYE in 42 aged patients (treated group), compared with that of 30 aged patients before and after treatment with captopril (control group) and 30 aged healthy subjects (healthy group). RESULTS: Before treatment, GMP-140, PAI and AngII were significantly higher (P < 0.01), and t-PA were obviously lower (P < 0.01) in the treated and the control group compared with those in the healthy group. After treatment, the improvement of GMP-140, t-PA, PAI and AngII in the treated group were obvious (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The improvement of GMP-140, t-PA, PAI in the treated group was more significant than that of control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), while the improvement of AngII in the treated group was worse than that of the control group (P < 0.01). After treatment, there was insignificant changes about the levels of blood pressure between the treated group and the control group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In the aged patients, GMP-140, PAI and AngII were increased, t-PA reduced. The effects of YMJYE in inhibiting platelet activation and improving fibrinolytic activity were better than that of captopril. These findings indicated that the mechanisms of inhibiting platelet activation and improving fibrinolytic activity and lowering blood pressure of YMJYE were correlated with decreasing the levels of AngII, but other mechanisms may also exist.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

[The prevention of infection complicating acute necrotizing pancreatitis:an experimental study].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of 5 intervention measures on infection complicating acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) in dogs and rats. METHODS: A lethal model of ANP was reproduced by infusion of artificial bile into the biliopancreatic duct. Animals were divided randomly into: ANP group (no treatment); Chinese medicine group ("Qing Yi Tang"); Bifidobacterium mixture group; purgation group (MgSO(4)); selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) group; and somatostatin group. The pancreas and intestine were observed morphologically and tight junction on ileum epithelia was assessed on cryofracture replicas. Blood and/or tissue levels of DAO and D-lactic acid and uric contents of lactulose/mannitol (L/M), served as indicators of gut barrier function, were measured at various time points. Intestinal flora and incidence of bacterial translocation (BT) to organs were examined. RESULTS: In early stage of ANP, mucosal and epithelial tight junction damage and flora disturbance occurred in the gut. In addition, the gut barrier function indicators deteriorated. The BT rates were as high as 78.6% (canine) and 59.5% (rat). Treatment with Chinese medicine markedly improved gut barrier function and reduced BT rate (32.1% - 37.0%). Having similar purgative response as Chinese medicine, MgSO4 did not show any beneficial effect on gut barrier protection and the incidence of BT was not reduced. In bifidobacterium mixture and SDD group, flora balance was preserved well and similar results as Chinese medicine were obtained. The BT rates of these two groups decreased to 33.9% and 33.3%, respectively. Somatostatin markedly blunted pancreatic tissue injury and ameliorated gut barrier damage during early phase of ANP. All intervention measures except for purgation also decreased mortalities (14.3% - 35.3%, compared with 58.8% of the no treatment group). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with Chinese medicine, bifidobacterium mixture, SDD and somatostatin attenuated gut barrier damage and BT after ANP, and could be used to prevent secondary infection after ANP, but purgation alone is not effective.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

[Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome after open chest wound and seawater immersion: experimental study].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of seawater immersion on multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) after chest trauma. METHODS: Twenty health dogs were divided into two groups. Right open pneumothorax was induced in both control group (n = 10) and experimental group (n = 10). After induction of chest trauma, animals in the experimental group were immersed in artificial seawater. Blood samples were taken at seven different intervals for assessing blood gas, plasma level of TNFalpha, and IL-1 beta. Changes of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate amino-transferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK) lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatinine (Cr) were measured. At the end of study, lung was harvested for assessing lung water content and ratio of wet weight and dry weight. RESULTS: A significant elevation of ALT, AST, CK and LDH was observed in both groups. Organ functional parameters in the experimental group were consistent with the failure standard at 30 minutes after seawater immersion, and those in the control group at 4 hours. Post-trauma mortality and incidence of MODS were much higher in the experimental group than those in the control group (P < 0.01). The plasma levels of TNFalpha and IL-1 beta significantly increased at 30 minutes and reached the highest level at 60 minutes after seawater immersion. The time of peak level appeared earlier in the experimental group than that in the control group. CONCLUSION: Seawater immersion after open chest trauma results in high incidence of MODS and high mortality rate due to progressive dysfunction of multiple organs.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

[The histogenesis, clinical features and histopathological analysis on 52 cases of ciliary body neoplasms].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the histogenesis, classification, incidence, clinical feature, the key point of differential diagnosis and histopathologic characteristics of ciliary body neoplasms to provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. METHOD: 52 specimens of ciliary body neoplasms on file were analyzed and studied for the characteristics of clinical presentation and histopathology. RESULTS: Of the 52 specimens, 38 were located in the ciliary body (73.1%), and 14 lesions involved the iris (26.9%). According to the results of histogenetic classification, the tumors of ciliary sensory epithelium were ranked the first place (20 cases, 38.5%) while malignant melanoma, the second one (14 cases, 26.9%) followed by melanocytoma (9 cases, 17.3%) and granulomatous lesions (5 cases, 9.6%). CONCLUSION: The clinical features and histopathologic characteristics of ciliary body neoplasms are systemically and deeply recognized, that may help clinical ophthalmologists to make correct diagnosis and proper treatment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[An observation of antiproliferative effect of germanium-132 on cultured pterygium fibroblasts].

OBJECTIVE: To detect the antiproliferation of carboxyethyl germanium sesquioxide (Ge-132) on fibroblasts of pterygium in vitro and try to find a potentially effective agent for treatment of primary pterygium and prevention of its postoperative recurrence. METHODS: Primary culture and subculture of pterygium fibroblasts were established in vitro. Different concentrations of Ge-132 (39 - 5,000 mg/L) or mitomycin-C (3.13 - 4.00 mg/L, the control) were added to the fibroblast culture of the third or forth passage respectively. The inhibitory effect was determined by MTT (tetrazolium bromide) method. The influence of addition of Ge-132 on the growth curve of fibroblasts was observed, and the changing expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in fibroblasts was studied by immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: The addition of Ge-132 in the culture caused significant inhibition of the fibroblast proliferation in dose dependent manner (625 - 50,000 mg/L) without cytotoxicity (IC(50) = 3,000 mg/L), the marked descent of growth curve and suppression of the expression of PCNA in cultured cells (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Ge-132 can inhibit the proliferation of pterygium fibroblast in vitro significantly.

Cell Division↗

PubMed2000

[A comparison between latanoprost and timolol in treatment of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic value of latanoprost on glaucoma. METHODS: In an open-label fashion, multicenter, randomized control clinical trial, the efficacy and adverse drug reactions of topical application of 0.005% latanoprost once daily were compared with that of 0.5% timolol twice daily for 12 weeks in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. RESULTS: The study included 128 patients (63 patients in latanoprost group and 65 patients in timolol group) and 117 patients remained at the end of the study (60 cases in latanoprost group and 57 cases in timolol group). Comparing 12 weeks with baseline diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP), the IOP reduction (mean +/- standard deviation) in latanoprost group was (7.5 +/- 0.3) mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) (32%, t = 22.73, P < 0.0001) greater than the reduction in timolol group (6.1 +/- 0.3) mm Hg (26%, t = 17.94, P < 0.0001), the difference between the two groups being significant (F = 9.54, P = 0.0026). Two patients treated with timolol and none treated with latanoprost were withdrawn from the study because of inadequate IOP control; 3 patients with latanoprost had foreign body sensation. In latanoprost group, there was one patient whose eyelashes became darker and longer at the last visit (the 12th week). No ocular and systemic adverse events related to the two drugs were found. CONCLUSION: It is demonstrated that 0.005% latanoprost topically applied once daily is well tolerated and more effective in reducing IOP than 0.5% timolol topically applied twice daily. Thus, latanoprost has the potential to be a new first-line antiglaucoma drug.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗

PubMed2000

[A case-control study on the risk factors of esophageal cancer in Linzhou].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the characteristics of prevalence and influencing factors on the genesis of esophageal cancer. METHODS: A population-based 1:1 matched case-control study was conducted in Linzhou. A total number of 352 pairs of cases and controls matched on sex, age and neighborhoods. Data was analysed by SAS software to calculate the odds ratio of and to evaluate the relative risks. RESULTS: It was found that lower socio-economic status, environmental pollution around the residential areas, lampblack in room, lower body mass index (BMI), more pickled food intake, cigarette smoking, alcoholic drinking, vigor mental-trauma and depression were risk factors of esophageal cancer. It also showed that the subjects having had history of upper digestive tract operation, dysplasia of esophagus and family history of carcinoma markedly increased the risks of developing esophageal cancer. CONCLUSION: Esophageal cancer seemed to be resulted from the combination of genetic and environmental factor, hence called for of medical surveillance and comprehensive prevention.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Effect of yimai jiangya extract on plasma neuropeptide Y level in patients of senile hypertension with qi-deficiency and blood stasis syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Yimai Jiangya extract (YMJYE) on plasma neuropeptide Y (NPY) level in patients of senile hypertension at stage II with Qi-Deficiency and blood stasis Syndrome (QDBSS). METHODS: Sixty-eight patients were randomly divided into two groups, 36 patients in the treated group treated with YMJYE and 32 patients in the control group treated with captopine. Radioimmunoassay was used to examine the level of plasma NPY before and after treatment in the two groups. RESULTS: Before treatment, plasma NPY level was significantly higher in both groups than that in the old healthy persons (P < 0.01), it lowered significantly after treatment and the decrement was more obvious in the treated group in comparing with that in the control group (P < 0.01). Blood pressure was significantly lowered in both groups after treatment (P < 0.01) but with no significant difference between them. CONCLUSION: Plasma NPY level was increased in patients of senile hypertension with QDBSS. YMJYE had good effect in lowering plasma NPY level and reducing blood pressure. It is presumed that the NPY lowering effect of YMJYE might be one of its mechanisms in lowering blood pressure.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

[The effect of adrenalectomy on morphine dependence behavior of rats with forced-swimming].

In this study, the possible action of stress and glucocorticoids on the drug-seeking behavior was explored in the rats with morphine dependence. Forty rats were assigned into four groups randomly and received different treatments as follows: adrenalectomy; adrenalectomy + hydrocortisone 20 mg/kg S.C.; adrenalectomy + hydrocortisone 40 mg/kg S.C.; saline S.C.; The effect of adrenalectomy and hydrocortisone on morphine conditioned place preference (CPP) in rats with forced-swimming was observed. The results showed: 1. there was no significant difference for the adrenalectomized rats' spending time between the morphine and saline-paired side during the test session (t = 1.84, P > 0.05), but obvious differences of time spent between the morphine and saline-paired side were observed among the other three groups (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01); 2. the time spent in the morphine-paired side of the adrenalectomized group significantly decreased, compared with those of the other three groups, and there was no difference for the time spent in the morphine-paired side among the groups of adrenalectomy + hydrocortisone 20 mg/kg S.C., adrenalectomy + hydrocortisone 40 mg/kg S.C., and saline S.C.. These data suggested that adrenalectomy could decrease the facilitation action of morphine CPP induced by forced swimming in rats, whereas administration with glucocorticoids should reverse this effect.

Adrenalectomy↗

PubMed2000

[Studies on chemical constituents of fat oil of Polygala tenuifolia].

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of fat oil from root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. METHOD: The components were separated and identified by gas chromatograpy-mass spectrometry and elucidated on the standard mass spectral data and the percentages were determined by gas chromatographic area normalization method. RESULT: Eighteen constituents were separated and sixteen of them were identified. CONCLUSION: The major components of the fat oil were established first time as oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, eicosenoic acid and stearic acid, which make up 87.0%, 7.31%, 3.27%, 1.07%, 0.91% of fat oil respectively.

Fatty Acids↗

PubMed2000

[The clinical application of different brightness and different saturation D-15 tests].

PURPOSE: To compare the clinical application of different brightness and different saturation D-15 tests. METHODS: Eighteen normal subjects (30 eyes), 19 cases (38 eyes) of congenital color vision defects and 36 cases (59 eyes) of eye diseases were tested with Panel D-15 test, Hann's double D-15 test, middle and low saturation CAS-PI (Psychological Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences) D-15 tests. RESULTS: A few of the normal eyes made minor errors in the low saturation D-15 tests. All of the protanopes and deuteranopes could be detected correctly. Protanomalias and deuteranomalias showed normal arrange or some type of abnormal arranges in all of the 5 sets of D-15 tests. In sick eyes, the abnormal rates were the highest in the low saturation D-15 tests and the lowest in Panel D-15 test. CONCLUSION: The five sets of different brightness and different saturation D-15 tests had similar efficiencies of detecting congenital color vision defects. The abnormal rates of CAS-PI(4/5)D-15 tests and the CAS-PI(2/5)D-15 tests were similar to those of Panel D-15 test and Hann's Double D-15 test. Both tests can be used in the clinical setting.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[Laryngeal reconstruction of laryngectomee].

OBJECTIVE: To restore the laryngeal function of laryngectomee. METHODS: From 1990 to 1999, laryngeal reconstructions were performed in 34 cases of laryngectomee. The patients were 33 male, and one female. The age range was 27 to 77 years, with a mean age of 56.6. Thirty-three cases were total laryngectomized, one case due to laryngeal injury. The duration of alaryngeal was 2-72 months, with a mean of 18 months. The characteristic of this operation is that a cervical myocutaneous flap was used to link the pharynx and trachea, to act as an epiglottis. RESULTS: Speech function in all patients was good. One case can breathe through the larynx after decannulation and 13 cases can breath through the larynx in daytime. CONCLUSION: Laryngeal reconstruction for laryngectomee is applicable in laryngeal operation.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Determination of five component infrared spectra system with artificial neural network].

This article demonstrates the application of artificial neural network in multi-component analysis. Parameters were obtained after the BP network was trained with large amount of simulated data. Five organic toxins whose FTIR spectra are strongly overlapped were used to make the multi-component system. The relative standard deviation(RSD%), the percent standard error of prediction samples(SEP%) and the percent standard error of calibration samples(SEC%) were used for evaluating the ability of the neural network.

Air Pollutants↗

PubMed2000

[Determination of Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Sr, Ti, V and Zn impurities in silicon metal by ICP-AES].

In this paper, an ICP-AES method for determining Al, B, Ba, Ca ets impurities in silicon metal is described. The interference factors in the analysis of impurity elements in silicon metal has been studied. The problems of background interference, organic matter (mannitol) interference, major elements interference are discussed. In the procedure of sample preparation, a proper volume of mannitol solution was added to sample, and this can protect B from volatilization. The feasibility of the proposed method is evaluated by analyzing one national geochemical reference samples (GSR-4), The results are satisfactory.

English Abstract↗

PubMed1999

Immunosuppressant FK506 activates NF-kappaB through the proteasome-mediated degradation of IkappaBalpha. Requirement for Ikappabalpha n-terminal phosphorylation but not ubiquitination sites.

The immunosuppressant FK506 activates NF-kappaB through IkappaBalpha degradation in nonlymphoid cells. In the present study, we analyzed mechanisms by which FK506 induces IkappaBalpha degradation. We found that FK506 induces the degradation of both IkappaBalpha and IkappaBbeta and that the time courses of the FK506-induced degradation are quite different from degradation induced by interleukin 1 (IL-1). Despite this difference, FK506-induced IkappaBalpha degradation was dependent on the N-terminal Ser-32 and Ser-36 phosphorylation sites and was mediated by proteasomes, as is the case for IL-1-induced IkappaBalpha degradation. We further showed that FK506 induces weak and slow phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha at Ser-32. However, unlike IL-1-induced degradation, IKK-1 and IKK-2 were not activated significantly nor was FK506-induced IkappaBalpha degradation dependent on the N-terminal ubiquitination sites (Lys-21 and Lys-22). These results therefore indicate that FK506 and IL-1 utilize similar but distinct mechanisms to induce the phosphorylation and degradation of IkappaBalpha.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1999

Developmental changes in distribution of death-associated protein kinase mRNAs.

Death-associated protein kinase (DAP-kinase) is Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine kinase that contains ankyrin repeats and the death domain. It has been isolated as a positive mediator of interferon-gamma-induced apoptotic cell death of HeLa cells. In order to reveal the physiological role of DAP-kinase, the tissue distribution and developmental changes in mRNA expression of DAP-kinase were investigated by Northern blot and in situ hybridization analyses. DAP-kinase mRNA was predominantly expressed in brain and lung. In brain, DAP-kinase mRNA had already appeared at embryonic day 13 (E13) and was, thereafter, detected throughout the entire embryonic period. High levels of expression were detected in proliferative and postmitotic regions within cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellar Purkinje cells. These findings suggest that DAP-kinase may play an important role in neurogenesis where a physiological type of cell death takes place. The overall expression of DAP-kinase mRNA in the brain gradually declined at postnatal stages, and the expression became restricted to hippocampus, in which different expression patterns were observed among rostral, central, and caudal coronal sections, suggesting that DAP-kinase may be implicated in some neuronal functions. Furthermore, it was found that the expression of DAP-kinase mRNA was increased prior to a certain cell death induced by transient forebrain ischemia, indicating a possible relationship between DAP-kinase and neuronal cell death.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

Disruption of ATM in p53-null cells causes multiple functional abnormalities in cellular response to ionizing radiation.

ATM is a member of the large phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase family and plays an important role in cellular response to DNA damage. To further define the physiological roles of ATM at the cellular level, we created an isogenic set of stable cell lines differing only in their ATM status from the chicken B cell line DT40 by targeted integration. These stable DT40 cell lines, as most of transformed chicken cell lines, do not express p53. However, ATM-/- DT40 cells displayed retarded cellular proliferation, defective G2/M checkpoint control and radio-resistant DNA synthesis. Furthermore, ATM-/- DT40 cells were sensitive to ionizing radiation and showed highly elevated frequencies of both spontaneous and radiation-induced chromosomal aberrations. In addition, a slight but significant reduction in targeted integration frequency was observed in ATM-/- DT40 cells. These results suggest that ATM has multiple p53-independent functions in cell cycle checkpoint control and in maintenance of chromosomal DNA. These ATM deficient DT40 clones therefore provide a useful model system for analysing p53-independent ATM functions.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

Targeted disruption of Fgf8 causes failure of cell migration in the gastrulating mouse embryo.

Fgf8 and Fgf4 encode FGF family members that are coexpressed in the primitive streak of the gastrulating mouse embryo. We have analyzed the phenotype of Fgf8(-/-) embryos and discovered that they fail to express Fgf4 in the streak. In the absence of both FGF8 and FGF4, epiblast cells move into the streak and undergo an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, but most cells then fail to move away from the streak. As a consequence, no embryonic mesoderm- or endoderm-derived tissues develop, although extraembryonic tissues form. Patterning of the prospective neuroectoderm is greatly perturbed in the mutant embryos. Anterior neuroectoderm markers are widely expressed, at least in part because the anterior visceral endoderm, which provides signals that regulate their expression, is not displaced proximally in the absence of definitive endoderm. Posterior neuroectoderm markers are not expressed, presumably because there is neither mesendoderm underlying the prospective neuroectoderm nor a morphologically normal node to provide the inductive signals necessary for their expression. This study identifies Fgf8 as a gene essential for gastrulation and shows that signaling via FGF8 and/or FGF4 is required for cell migration away from the primitive streak.

Animals↗