Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

X Lu

Publications and source records attributed to X Lu.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Preclinical trials of human erythrocyte superoxide dismutase injection.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the quality of human erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) injection reaching the official standard for its clinical uses. METHODS: Human erythrocyte SOD injection prepared by McCord-Fridovich's method without column chromatography but with some modifications was used in preclinical trials, to observe the general pharmacology and pharmacodynamics of the product. RESULTS: The quality of human erythrocyte SOD injection conformed to the official standard of a biological product, which was found to be non-toxic and did not have any effects on the central and autonomic nervous systems as well as cardiovascular and respiratory systems. The efficacy of anti-inflammation and promotion of immuno-regulation especially on carrageenan and adjuvant-induced polyarthritis were shown in animals. CONCLUSION: Human erythrocyte SOD injection is appropriate for prophylactic and therapeutic uses in clinical trials.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Effect of Digan oral liquid on thymic lymphocyte proliferation cycle in immune mediated aplastic anemia in mice].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of Digan oral liquid (DGOL) on cell proliferation cycle of thymic lymphocyte in immune mediated aplastic anemia (IMAA) in mice. METHODS: Balb/c mice were used in the experiment, after having exposed under a sublethal amount of radiation, the mice were received injection of mixed cells of thymus and lymph node of DBA/2 mice to form the IMAA models. The model mice were grouped and treated, then their thymus was taken to prepare the single cell suspension for analysis by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Majority of thymocyte of IMAA mice stopped at the G0/G1 phase, and the cells in S and G2 + M phases were significantly less than those in the normal control group, P < 0.01. Both DGOL and Siwu oral liquid could increase the differentiation and proliferation of thymocytes and reduce the apoptosis rate of them, but DGOL showed a better effect, P < 0.05. CONCLUSION: DGOL could significantly promote the differentiation and proliferation of thymocytes and reduce the apoptosis rate of them in IMAA mice, the effect of its is superior to that of Siwu oral liquid.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed2000

[The effects of electroporation-mediated erythropoietin (EPO) gene transfer into skeleton muscle on renal anemia].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of erythropoietin (EPO) gene transfer into skeleton muscle mediated by electroporation on renal anemia. METHODS: Renal failure models were created by adenine-excessive diet (150 mg per day). Plasmid vectors encoding EPO were transferred by electroporation after 80 days when mean blood urea nitrogen level (BUN) had increased from 3.4 mmol/L +/- 1.3 mmol/L to 18.1 mmol/L +/- 4.1 mmol/L and the hematocrit had decreased from 45.6% +/- 2.1% to 25.4% +/- 3.7%. During the process of treatment, adenine-excessive diet was given. Hb, HCT, BUN and Cre in blood were tested by automatic analyzer; EPO level in the serum was tested by EPO ELISA kit, EPO gene expression was proved by RT/PCR. The survival rate was calculated. RESULTS: Hematocrit increased to 34.4% +/- 7.5% only 7 days after the treatment and reached 91.4% of normal level (46% +/- 2%) after 5 weeks. The survival rate of test models after 9 weeks was 77.8%, which was remarkably higher than that of controls (16.7%). mRNA level of EPO gene expression was indicated by RT/PCR. CONCLUSION: Electroporation can increase the efficiency of EPO gene transfer and thus greatly improve hematocrit in mice and prolong the life-span of chronic renal anemia models. This method can provide a new way for treatment of EPO-responsive anemias.

Adenine↗
PubMed2000

[Effects of somatostatin and its analogue on canine sphincter of Oddi motility].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of somatostatin and its synthetic analogue on canine sphincter of Oddi interdigestive motility. METHODS: Six dogs were used to establish the chronic manometry model to study the sphincter of Oddi motility, which were then classified into three groups: somatostatin, stilamin, and sandostatin groups. Each dog was studied weekly. The sphincter of Oddi manometry in fast and conscious state was undertaken with PC Polygraf HR before and after intravenous administration of agents to record the motility index (MI), basal pressure, and amplitude, duration and frequency of phasic contraction. RESULTS: Administration of somatostatin and stilamin of 0.5 nmol.kg(-1).h(-1) dose could induce phasic contraction of sphincter of Oddi and increase MI. The above two agents of 1 nmol.kg(-1).h(-1) dose could inhibit contractile activity of sphincter and decrease MI. Sandostatin of 0.5-1 nmol.kg(-1).h(-1) dose could induce phasic contraction of sphincter of Oddi; however, the agent of 0.5 nmol.kg(-1).h(-1) dose increased MI while 1 nmol.kg(-1).h(-1) dose had no effect on M. CONCLUSION: Effects of somatostatin and stilamin are biphasic in the regulation of sphincter of Oddi motility; small dose of the agents stimulates the sphincter motility while large dose inhibits the motility. Sandostatin regulates the sphincter of Oddi motility; the agent of small dose exerts excitatory role while large dose plays no significant role.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Color duplex ultrasonography, percutaneous transpopliteal venography and photoplethysmography assess venous reflux in the lower extremities].

OBJECTIVES: To assess the scope of photoplethysmography (PPG), color duplex ultrasonography, percutaneous transpopliteal venography for evaluating chronic venous disease. METHODS: Color duplex ultrasonography, percutaneous transpopliteal venography, and PPG and were used in 40 patients their results were compared. RESULTS: Color duplex ultrasonography and percutaneous transpopliteal venography for evaluating venous reflux was not significant (P > 0.05) in the femoral-popliteal venous segment. The accuracy of PPG in evaluating venous reflux was 67% compared with that of color duplex ultrasonography. CONCLUSIONS: PPG as the first test is often used for chronic venous disease. Color duplex ultrasonography can provide sufficient information for treatment of patients the. Percutaneous transpopliteal venography is necessary when noninvasive test can not provide sufficient information.

Femoral Vein↗
PubMed2000

[Microsurgical treatment of cranial base meningioma].

OBJECTIVE: To improve the total removal rate of cranial base meningiomas, and to reduce the mortality and morbidity. METHODS: 103 patients with cranial base meningiomas were treated by microsurgery. Tumors of different position were resected by variant transcranial base approaches and the operative methods. RESULTS: and complications were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Total removal of Simpson's 1 to 2 grade was performed in 63 patients, subtotal removal in 31 and partial removal in 9. Good postoperative recovery was noted in 75 patients, skull nerve paralysis in 24 and death 4. CONCLUSION: Using skull base microsurgery to resect cranial base meningiomas could shorten the distance of surgical approach and lessen the damage to brain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[A brief history of the several missionary hospitals in the modern Anhui province].

In the modern Anhui province, the west missionary established clinics and hospitals to 74 in Anhui. There were four hospitals in those had been longer time and larger scale and more entirely manage system. It was larger influence for the formation and development of the modern Anhui western medicine. In the courses, the missionary - doctors promoted the spreading of the west medicine in the modern Anhui, but large quantities of Chinese doctors and nurses made with the activity contributes for these.

China↗
PubMed2000

[Effects of rotating-table simulated "push-pull maneuver" on cerebral circulation function].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the change and regulation of cerebral circulation during rotating-table simulated push-pull maneuver. METHOD: A special rotating-table was used to simulate the push-pull maneuver. 10 healthy adults were subjected to a series of "head-up stand (+1Gz) 1 min head-down stand (-1Gz) 10 s and head-up stand (+1Gz) 1 min" changes. Cerebral blood flow velocity and pulsatility indices in the left middle cerebral artery were constantly measured with a TC2020TCD using Transcranial Doppler [correction of Transcanial Dopplor] instrument. RESULT: During 10 s head-down stand (-1Gz) systolic velocity (Vs) increased, diastolic velocity (Vd) decreased, and the pulsatility indices (PI and RI) increased significantly in the left middle cerebral artery. During subsequent head-up stand (+1Gz), these changes didn't resume immediately and maintained for at least 20 s. CONCLUSION: This result implied that the push-pull maneuver increased the resistance of the cerebral vessels, which might be one of the mechanisms of the push-pull effect.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Treatment of hemangioma in oral and maxillofacial region with pingyangmycin injection].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the indication and result in hemangioma in oral and maxillofacial region with Pingyangmycin injection. METHODS: 1282 patients (554 males and 728 females) with hemangioma in oral and maxillofacial region have been treated in our hospital during the 10-year period from May 1990 to March 1999. The patients range between 0.5-84 years old. Lip, cheek and tongue were usually involved. 1211 patients were treated with injection of Pingyangmycin(about 0.89 mg/ml) and dexamethasone (about 0.55 mg/ml), 1 time/1-2 weeks. RESULTS: The curative rates of cavernous hemangioma and strawberry hemangioma were 93.87% and 84.90%, but that of plexiform hemangioma was 22.22% and those of portwine stain and central hemangioma of the jaws were 0%, respectively. Serious complications associated with Pingyangmycin injection, such as pulmonary fibrosis were not seen. CONCLUSION: Injection of Pingyangmycin is selective primary method for cavernous and strawberry hemangioma treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Investigation of a gas chromatographic column system for the on-line analysis of gaseous components in de-propane tower of pyrolysis equipment].

Multi-dimensional gas chromatograph has become an important process analyzer due to the advantages of high resolution and fast speed. According to the production requirement, a gas chromatographic column switching system has been investigated for the on-line analysis of gaseous components from high-pressure and lower-pressure de-propane towers of pyrolysis equipment. By using two different injection times on three injectors, and fore-flush and back-flush techniques, C2-hydrocarbons, propane, propene, methylacetylene, propadiene and C4-hydrocarbons can be separated on 7 columns in 7 minutes. The practical application showed the developed column system is suitable for the on-line monitoring of the production process.

English Abstract↗
PubMed2000

[Purification and characterization of cuticle-degrading protease from entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae].

The cuticle-degrading proteases from entomopathogensis fungus, Melarhizium anisopliae, were induced by adding cicada exuviae, colloidal chitin, shrimp cuticle, maggot cuticle, horsefly cuticle and silkworm chrysalis cuticle into minimal medium. After ultrafiltration, Ultrogel AcA 54 column and IEF, a protease designated as MAP-21 with Mr 27 kD, and pI 7.6 were purified. It was shown that the recognition site of MAP-21 was Arg, PMSF and TLCK could inhibited the activity of this protease, indicating that there were Ser and His residues in the active center. The inhibitors to trypsin, leupeptin antipain and STI also repressed the activity of MAP-21, while chymostatin, TPCK and elastatinal TEI were shown no inhibition to its activity, demonstrating that, MAP-21 was a trypsin-like protease. Other properties of MAP-21 were also reported.

Enzyme Induction↗
PubMed2000

[Alterations of the p16 gene for the carcinogenesis in pancreas].

Pancreatic cancer is a common malignant neoplasm in digestive tract, which is of unknown etiology as yet. Recent advances in molecular oncology have provided explanations at the DNA level that multiple genetic changes contribute to pancreatic cancer development, in which the p16 locus of tumor tissue is nearly always altered. This tumor suppressor gene, located on chromosome 9p21, encodes for a protein that is involved in cell cycle regulation. Alterations of the p16 gene for the carcinogenesis in the pancreas involve different molecular mechanisms, including deletion, mutation or methylation. As recent anecdotal case reports that pancreatic cancer aggregates in some families, the patterns of inheritance of pancreatic cancer were studied utilizing molecular genetic techniques for some kindreds which exhibit aggregation of the cancer, and germline mutation in p16 gene have been demonstrated to predispose to pancreatic cancer. In addition, the anticancer effects of exogenous p16 gene have been shown by introduction of it into human pancreatic tumor cell lines. At the present time it is uncertain whether the p16 gene provides clinically prognostic information. Microsatellite instability was observed at one or more loci in a number of pancreatic cancers, but pancreatic cancers with mismatch repair deficiency may have an improved prognosis.

Genes, p16↗
PubMed2000

[Photoluminescence characteristics of mixed aggregates in Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers].

Effects of the mixed aggregates of different active molecules and UV illumination on photoluminescence(PL) spectra of Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers were investigated. The strong interaction between hemicyanine and stilbazolium salt molecules in the mixed films caused a blue or red shift of the fluorescence band with respect to that of interleaving hemicyanine or stilbazolium salt/arachidic acid multilayers. UV illumination would dissociate the aggregates even more destroy the molecular structure, leading to a significant reduction of fluorescence intensity.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1999

mdm2: a bridge over the two tumour suppressors, p53 and Rb.

The inactivation of the p53 and Rb pathways would account for the majority of human tumours. There are many levels of cross talk between p53 and Rb that have been identified. However, the identification of the mdm2-Rb interaction established a closer link between the two most well studied tumour suppressors, p53 and Rb. Recent studies of the novel trimeric complex Rb-mdm2-p53 provided us with a functional insight of how the two tumour suppressors can act together in regulating p53 induced apoptosis. Beginning with the properties of the Rb-mdm2-p53 trimeric complex, we shall review the propounding evidence suggesting that the apoptotic function of p53 is linked to its transrepression function. The uncoupling of the apoptotic function and transactivation function of p53 will also be discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

CUG repeat binding protein (CUGBP1) interacts with the 5' region of C/EBPbeta mRNA and regulates translation of C/EBPbeta isoforms.

The transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta, C/EBPbeta, plays a significant role in the regulation of hepatocyte growth and differentiation. A single mRNA coding for C/EBPbeta produces several protein isoforms. Two pathways for generation of low molecular weight C/EBPbeta isoforms have been described: specific proteolytic cleavage and initiation of translation from different AUG codons of C/EBPbeta mRNA. A truncated C/EBPbeta isoform, LIP, is induced in rat livers in response to partial hepatectomy (PH) via the alternative translation mechanism. Here we present evidence that CUG repeat binding protein, CUGBP1, interacts with the 5' region of C/EBPbeta mRNA and regulates translation of C/EBPbeta isoforms. Two binding sites for CUGBP1 are located side by side between the first and second AUG codons of C/EBPbeta mRNA. One binding site is observed in an out of frame short open reading frame (sORF) that has been previously shown to regulate initiation of translation from different AUG codons of C/EBPbeta mRNA. Analysis of cytoplasmic and polysomal proteins from rat liver after PH showed that CUGBP1 is associated with polysomes that translate low molecular weight isoforms of C/EBPbeta. The binding activity of CUGBP1 to the 5' region of C/EBPbeta mRNA shows increased association with these polysomal fractions after PH. Addition of CUGBP1 into a cell-free translation system leads to increased translation of low molecular weight isoforms of C/EBPbeta. Our data demonstrate that CUGBP1 protein is an important component for the regulation of initiation from different AUG codons of C/EBPbeta mRNA.

5' Untranslated Regions↗
PubMed1999

Antiproliferative function of p27kip1 is frequently inhibited in highly malignant Burkitt's lymphoma cells.

Lack of detectable expression of p27kip1 cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor has previously been correlated with high degree of malignancy in human breast, colorectal, gastric and small cell lung carcinomas. Here we demonstrate that an inverse correlation between p27kip1 expression and tumour malignancy also exists in most types of human B cell lymphomas examined. A clear exception was Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), a highly malignant tumour which often expresses high levels of p27kip1. Analysis of p27kip1 derived from Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines expressing high levels of p27kip1, BL40 and BL41, in a cyclin E/cdk2 kinase inhibition assay demonstrated that p27kip1 is not permanently inactivated since heat treatment can restore the inhibitory activity of p27kip1. However, p27kip1 expressed in these two cell lines is largely sequestered in inactive complexes and we have no evidence that c-myc or Epstein-Barr virus are responsible for the sequestration of p27kip1 in these two cell lines although c-myc and EBV are two oncogenic agents often associated with Burkitt's lymphomas. Interestingly, we observed that high level p27kip1 expression often correlated with cyclin D3 overexpression both in vivo and in BL cell lines. The majority of p27kip1 in BL40 cells was complexed with cyclin D3 indicating that overexpressed cyclin D3 may at least be part of the sequestering activity for the inhibitory function of p27kip1. Furthermore, cyclinD3/cdk4 complex could sequester p27kip1 in a cyclin E/cdk2 kinase assay in vitro. Finally, we show that cyclin D3 transfected into an inducible p27kip1 cell line could overcome the G1 arrest mediated by p27kip1. These results argue that in addition to down-regulation of p27kip1 expression, some tumour cells can sequester and tolerate the antiproliferative function of p27kip1. They also suggest a novel role for the overexpression of D-type cyclins as one pathway allowing tumour cells to overcome the antiproliferative function of p27kip1.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1999

Projections of purkinje cells in the translation and rotation zones of the vestibulocerebellum in pigeon (Columba livia).

Previous electrophysiological studies have shown that the pigeon vestibulocerebellum (ventral uvula, nodulus, and flocculus) can be divided into two parasagittal zones based on responses to optic flow stimuli. The medial zone (ventral uvula and nodulus) responds best to optic flow resulting from self-translation, whereas the lateral zone (flocculus) responds best to optic flow resulting from self-rotation. In this study we investigated the projections of the Purkinje cells in the translation and rotation zones of the vestibulocerebellum by using the anterograde tracer biotinylated dextran amine. Extracellular recording of Purkinje cell activity (complex spikes) in response to large-field visual stimuli were used to identify the injection sites. Injections into the translation zone resulted in extremely heavy terminal labeling in the cerebellovestibular process adjacent to the medial cerebellar nucleus. A moderate amount of terminal labeling was found in the medial cerebellar nucleus, the superior vestibular nucleus (laterally, dorsally, and medially), and the descending vestibular nucleus, particularly in the lateral half. Light terminal labeling was observed in the dorsolateral vestibular nucleus, the medial vestibular nucleus, the tangential nucleus, and the lateral vestibular nucleus pars ventralis. Injections into the rotation zone resulted in heavy terminal labeling in the superior vestibular nucleus (particularly dorsally and medially), the descending vestibular nucleus (particularly medially), and the medial vestibular nucleus. A moderate amount of terminal labeling was seen in the cerebellovestibular process adjacent to the lateral cerebellar nucleus, and the dorsolateral vestibular nucleus. A small amount of terminal labeling was found in the lateral cerebellar nucleus, the tangential nucleus, the prepositus hypoglossi, and the lateral vestibular nucleus pars ventralis.

Animals↗