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Biomedical subjects

X Lin

Publications and source records attributed to X Lin.

429 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Therapeutic effect of pyronaridine in plain tablets and enteric-coated tablets in falciparum malaria patients].

A new oral dosage regimen and formulation of pyronaridine basing on the pharmacokinetic studies and a theoretical dosage regimen reported previously, was clinically evaluated for its therapeutic and undesirable effects on falciparum malaria patients in west Hainan Province, where chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria was prevalent. 32 cases were treated with pyronaridine by the new dosage regimen of 0.5 g in d1, and 0.3g in d2 in plain tablets (group A), while additional 32 patients received enteric-coated tablets of pyronaridine by the current dosage regimen as a control (group B), which was 0.4 g x 2 on d1, and 0.4g on d2. The average fever clearance time for A and B groups was 27.0 +/- 14.1 and 30.2 +/- 13.8h respectively (P greater than 0.05), and the clearance time for asexual parasites was 57.2 +/- 10.2 and 57.9 +/- 8.7h. Upon 28d following-up examination the cure rates were found to be 100% in group A and 93.8% in group B. The undesirable responses were recorded in 18.8% of group A patients (6/32), and 28.1% of group B (9/32) respectively, and they were light and tolerable and short in time duration. It was shown that the new dosage regimen of pyronaridine could retain the same therapeutic effect as that currently used, although the total dose was reduced by one third. Hence, an important basis was provided for more rational use and further study of pyronaridine in malaria therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[In vivo sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to piperaquine phosphate assayed in Linshui and Baisha counties, Hainan Province].

Fifty-three cases of falciparum malaria in Linshui County, Baisha County and Sanya Municipality were treated with piperaquine phosphate at a total dose of 1.5g base over 3 days in July to December, 1986. The mean defervescence time was 36 +/- 20.7h; the mean asexual parasite clearance time was 69.7 +/- 20.9h. At 14-28d follow-up recrudescence was observed with asexual parasitemia in 7 of the 47 cases, showing RI resistance to piperaquine. Gametocytemia was positive in 35 cases (74.5%) during the follow-up period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Long-term results of an operation alone and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer--report of 265 patients].

During the period from June 1973 to December 1978, 338 patients with advanced gastric cancer were treated in our hospital. By retrospective grouping, 142 out of 265 patients with tumor resected received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (MMC + 5FU + Ara-C), 123 operated alone were taken for comparison. These two groups were similar in: age, sex, location of tumor, mode of resection, histological type, clinical stage and follow-up rate. The results indicated that the 1, 3 and 5 year survival rates of the combined group were much higher than those of the operation only group. Further analysis showed that the supplementary chemotherapy was particularly valid in stages III and IV. In stage III patients, the 5 year survival rate was increased by 27.8%. In stage IV patients, the 3 and 5 year survival rates of the combined group were 16.3% and 9.8% but none survived over 3 years in the operation only group. The authors believe that postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy plays an important role in controlling the micrometastatic and residual cancer foci.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multivariate linear mixed models for multiple outcomes.

We propose a multivariate linear mixed (MLMM) for the analysis of multiple outcomes, which generalizes the latent variable model of Sammel and Ryan. The proposed model assumes a flexible correlation structure among the multiple outcomes, and allows a global test of the impact of exposure across outcomes. In contrast to the Sammel-Ryan model, the MLMM separates the mean and correlation parameters so that the mean estimation will remain reasonably robust even if the correlation is misspecified. The model is applied to birth defects data, where continuous data on the size of infants who were exposed to anticonvulsant medications in utero are compared to controls.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inhibition of luminol and lucigenin chemiluminescence by reducing organic compounds.

The effect of 22 reducing organic compounds on the chemiluminescent intensities and spectra of luminol-H(2)O(2)-Co(2+) and lucigenin-H(2)O(2)-Co(2+) reactions were examined. Many of the reductants inhibit the two chemiluminescent systems to different extents in the presence and absence of Co(2+). The magnitude of inhibition by reducing organic compounds is related to their molecular structure and reducing properties. The mechanism of chemiluminescent inhibition by reducing organic compounds is probably due to the reaction between reductants and radical intermediates of chemiluminescent reaction. Based on the inhibition of luminol and lucigenin chemiluminescence by reducing organic compounds, the possibility of analytical application was explored. Some reductants are detectable at picomolar levels.

Acridines↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Determination of metal additives and bromine in recycled thermoplasts from electronic waste by TXRF analysis.

A new method for analysis of metal additives in recycled thermoplasts from electronic waste was developed, based on dissolving the samples in an organic solvent and subsequent analysis of the corresponding solutions or suspensions by total-reflection X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (TXRF). The procedure proved to be considerably less time consuming than the conventional digestion of the polymer matrix. Additives containing Ti, Zn, Br, Cd, Sn, Sb, and Pb were analyzed in a hundred randomly selected samples from recycling, which provided an overview of the range of elemental concentrations in thermoplasts utilized for consumer electronics. The results were validated independently by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), subsequent regression analysis confirmed the trueness of the chosen approach.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasonically guided percutaneous transhepatic hepatic vein stent placement for Budd-Chiari syndrome.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the utility of ultrasonically guided hepatic vein stent placement in the treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) in patients with short hepatic vein obstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients with BCS, each with three obstructed hepatic veins diagnosed with ultrasound (US), color Doppler, probing with guide wire, and echo contrast, underwent hepatic vein stent placement under US guidance. Nine patients had hepatic vein obstruction alone, and 16 had hepatic vein obstruction along with primary inferior vena cava (IVC) obstruction. In each patient, only one of the hepatic veins was selected for recanalization and stent placement. In patients with primary IVC lesions, a stent was placed in the IVC first. Clinical and US examinations were performed at 3-6-month intervals on every patient during follow-up. RESULTS: Hepatic vein stents were successfully placed in 23 of the 25 patients, a success rate of 92%. The mean +/- SD hepatic vein pressure decreased from 25.57 mm Hg +/- 9.46 to 9.67 mm Hg +/- 2.31 (P < .01), and the flow direction in the hepatic vein became centripetal and its spectral analysis showed a normal phasic flow. Twenty-two patients experienced a significant improvement in hepatic outflow, as evidenced by disappearance of ascites, remission of hepatosplenomegaly, improvement in liver function, and alleviation of esophageal varices. Severe intraperitoneal hemorrhage occurred in one patient. No other serious procedure-related complications were observed. During follow-up of 1-43 months (mean, 23 months), stent reocclusion occurred in one patient. The other stents remained patent, and clinical features of BCS did not recur. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous transhepatic hepatic vein stent placement is a reasonable treatment for BCS in patients with hepatic vein obstruction, and the procedures can be performed safely and accurately with US.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spatio-temporal organization of the mitochondrial phase of apoptosis.

Signaling cascades often utilize highly ordered interactions between intracellular organelles to propagate a particular signal throughout the cell. In many apoptotic paradigms, the stress signal is delivered to the mitochondria, and mitochondria release to the cytosol several apoptotic factors, which in turn, trigger execution of the program of cell suicide. Although intermitochondrial communication has been shown to give rise to regenerative phenomena such as Ca2+ release waves and depolarization waves, it has not been elucidated whether mitochondria interact with each other during apoptosis and whether the postmitochondrial phase of apoptosis displays a coordinated response throughout the cell. The objective of this review is to draw attention to recent observations that shed some light onto the subcellular spatio-temporal organization of the apoptotic machinery.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genetic studies in narcolepsy, a disorder affecting REM sleep.

Narcolepsy is a disabling sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and abnormal manifestations of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep including cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucinations. It is known to be a complex disorder, with both genetic predisposition and environmental factors playing a role. In humans, susceptibility to narcolepsy is tightly associated with a specific HLA allele, DQB1*0602. In humans and canines, most cases are sporadic. In Doberman pinschers and Labrador retrievers, however, the disease is transmitted as an autosomal recessive gene canarc-1 with full penetrance. This gene is not linked with the dog leukocyte antigen complex, but is tightly linked with a marker with high homology to the human mu-switch immunoglobulin gene. We have isolated several genomic clones encompassing the canarc-1 marker and the variable heavy chain immunoglobulin region in canines. These have been partially sequenced and have been mapped onto specific dog chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Our results indicate that the mu-switch-like marker is not part of the canine immunoglobulin machinery. We are continuing to extend the genomic contig using a newly developed canine BAC library and attempting to identify the corresponding human region of conserved synteny.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A novel, simple organotypic culture method to study the organ of Corti from the neonatal gerbil.

An original, simple organotypic culture method was developed to grow the organ of Corti from the neonatal gerbil on the bottom of a Petri dish. In comparison with the commonly used Maximov slide assembly method, this method is easier, less time-consuming, and more economic. Our results in this study using fluorescent live/dead viability assay and fluorescein-conjugated antineurofilament antibodies show that the cultured organ of Corti and spiral ganglion cells not only survived for at least 14 days but also maintained their basic organization and normal development in vitro. Therefore, our method can serve as a reliable and easier alternative to the traditional techniques for studying the development as well as other physiological properties of the cultured organ of Corti.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of mammalian lignans on the growth of prostate cancer cell lines.

BACKGROUND: Mammalian lignans, enterolactone (EL) and enterodiol (ED), have been shown to inhibit breast and colon carcinoma. To date, there have been no reports of the effect of lignans on prostatic carcinoma. We investigated the effects of ED and EL on three human prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3, DU-145 and LNCaP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cells were treated with either 0.1% (v/v) DMSO (vehicle) or 10-100 microM of EL, ED or genistein (positive control) for 72 hours. Cell viability was measured by the propidium iodide nuclei staining fluorometric assay with each assay performed in triplicate. RESULTS: At 10-100 microM, EL significantly inhibited the growth of all cell lines, whereas ED only inhibited PC-3 and LNCaP cells. While EL was a more potent growth inhibitor than ED, both were less potent than genistein. The dose for 50% growth inhibition of LNCaP cells (IC50) by EL was 57 microM, whereas IC50 was 100 microM for ED, (the observed IC50 for genistein was 25 microM). CONCLUSION: ED and EL suppress the growth of prostate cancer cells, and may do so via hormonally-dependent and independent mechanisms.

4-Butyrolactone↗