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Biomedical subjects

X L Wu

Publications and source records attributed to X L Wu.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Chinese herb "destagnation" series I: Combination of radiation with destagnation in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC): a prospective randomized trial on 188 cases.

The results of a prospective randomized trial on 188 patients with NPC is reported to evaluate the validity of Chinese herbal medicine-Destagnation combined with radiotherapy. Ninety patients were allotted to the Destagnation group (radiation plus Destagnation) and 98, to the control group (radiation only). The 5-year success rate (number surviving minus number recurred but salvaged by re-treatment) of the Destagnation group is 53% (48/90) in comparison to 37% (36/98) of the control group (p less than 0.05). Minor complications of Destagnation included occasional anorexia and frequency of bowel movement. The reduced rate of local recurrence at the primary site in the Destagnation group (14%-13/90) as compared to that of the control group (29%-28/98) (p less than 0.05) suggests that Destagnation may be a radiosensitizer. The similar metastatic rates in both groups; 21% (19/90) in the Destagnation group and 21% (21/98) in the control group may refute the belief that Destagnation enhances hematogenous spread.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Management of local residual primary lesion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC): are higher doses beneficial?

One hundred and eighty-two nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, treated from March 1958 through 1978, received 70 Gy or more and were left with gross residual lesion in the nasopharynx, were retrospectively analyzed. Ninety-two patients were given a boost by reduced portals to a total of 90-120 Gy (boost group) whereas for the other non-randomized 90 patients, the treatment was stopped at 70 Gy (observation group). The local recurrence, distant metastasis and 5-year survival rates of the two groups are: 35% (32/92) vs. 58% (52/90), 20% (18/92) vs. 43% (39/90), and 54% (50/92) vs. 21% (19/90), respectively. The benefit of boost is more apparent in patients with T1-2 than T3-4 lesions (p less than 0.001), at increased risk of radiation encephalo-myelitis from 5.5% to 17%. The authors believe that boost be given to patients with early Stage T or small residual lesion at the primary site of NPC.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Extraction of effective parts of Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. and its antiviral effect].

Several parts of Alternanthera philoxeroides were extracted by lead-salt sedimentation and double phase solvent extractive technique and their antiviral effects were studied. The results showed that extracts of petroleum ether, ether, and ethyl acetate have inhibitory effect on epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus (EHFV). The antiviral effective part is coumarin analogue.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1988

Analysis of 1379 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated by radiation.

One thousand three hundred seventy-nine nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients were treated from March 1958 to December 1978. Twenty-two percent had stage I or II and 78% Stage III or IV had lesions. Two hundred twenty-Kv radiographs were used before 1960; and telecobalt was used from 1961 to 1978. Factors influencing the 5-year survival rate favorably are youth of patient, being female, pathologic condition (poorly differentiated carcinoma, 45.1% versus adenocarcinoma, 13%), stage (Stage I, 86%, Stage II, 59.5%; Stage III, 45.8%; Stage IV, 29.2%), decade admitted for treatment in the past (31% in the 1950s, 48.6% in the 1970s), total dose delivered to the nasopharynx (40 to 49 Gy, 46%; 70 to 79 Gy, 54.1%; 90 Gy or more, 64%) and prophylactic radiation to the neck regions (with prophylactic irradiation, 53.8%, without prophylactic irradiation, 23%). This implies that prophylactic radiation of the neck is crucial even without positive clinical metastasis. For those who have a residual tumor in the primary site when 70 Gy has been delivered, the total dose may be boosted to more than 90 Gy with the cone-down technique or on basis of adding 20 Gy to the dose at which the primary lesion disappeared grossly. The common postirradiation complications are: radiation myelitis, trismus, and otitis media. Because disease recurred in some patients after the fifth year, NPC patients should be followed for at least 10 years.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[Radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma--analysis of 1379 patients].

This paper presents 1379 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated in our hospital from March 1958 to December 1978. The stage I and II lesions comprised 22% and stage III and IV lesions, 78%. 220 KV X-ray was used before 1960 and 60Co was predominant from 1961 through 1978. The overall 5 year survival rate was 41.4% (571/1379). Young adults and female patients gave better results. The 5 year survival rate was, according to pathological type, 45.1% for poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and 13% for adenocarcinoma; according to clinical stage, 85.7% for stage I lesion, 59.5% for stage II, 45.8% and 29.2% for stages III and IV; according to period of treatment, 31.3% in the sixties and 48.6% in the seventies; according to tumor dose at the primary focus, 48.2% for 40-49 Gy, 55.6% for 60-69 Gy and 67.3% for 90 Gy or more; according to with or without prophylactic radiation in the neck region, 53.8% for the former and 23% for the latter. It implies that prophylactic radiation of the neck is necessary regardless of the presence of cervical lymph node metastasis or not. For those who had residual tumor at 70 Gy, the total dose may be boosted to more than 90 Gy with the cone down technic or the dose, at which the primary lesion disappears grossly, is added with 20 Gy. The common complications are radiation myelitis, trismus and otitis media. As in certain patients, the lesion would still recur 5 years after radiotherapy, the authors believe that the nasopharyngeal cancer patients should be followed for ten years at least.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[Postoperative radiation of retinoblastoma--report on 22 patients].

From July 1958 to December 1979, 22 patients with retinoblastoma were treated postoperatively by radiotherapy. All were proved by pathology. There were 12 stage I, 1 stage II, 8 stage III and 1 stage IV lesions. Radiation dose was more than 15 Gy and most of the patients received 40-50 Gy in 4-5 weeks. The overall cancer free 5 year survival rate was 55% (12/22). The 5 year survival rate of stage I patients was 75% (9/12), and that of stage III patients was 38% (3/8). None of the stage II and IV patients survived. Dose of 40-50 Gy/4-5 wk is considered to be optimal for control of the tumor. Dose higher than 60 Gy/6 wk could lead to retarded growth in the orbital and temporal bony structures if the patient survives for ten years or more.

Child↗
PubMed1987

Chemical relaxation in a chemiosmotic-coupled system: driving the calcium adenosinetriphosphatase with bacteriorhodopsin.

Phase-lifetime spectroscopy has been used to measure chemical relaxation processes in a chemiosmotic-coupled system. In this experiment the calcium ATPase and bacteriorhodopsin were coreconstituted into phospholipid vesicles. Upon illumination the bacteriorhodopsin pumps protons into the vesicles and forms a membrane potential. This membrane potential alters the activity of the internal calcium and thus perturbs the equilibrium of ATP hydrolysis/synthesis coupled to calcium transport. Mechanically chopping the actinic light provides a periodic perturbation to the system, and small response signals can be observed by using phase-sensitive detection. It is shown that this periodic perturbation occurs about a steady-state membrane potential that is independent of chopping frequency. The amplitude dispersion curve for the fluorescence of a calcium indicator was observed and analyzed in terms of the relaxation time for the ATPase-catalyzed calcium transport. Thus, this technique provides a method of measuring ion transport kinetics against a constant chemiosmotic potential. The calcium ATPase showed a single relaxation time on this time scale. The dependence of this relaxation time on ADP and phosphate concentration was measured and analyzed with a random sequential mechanism. This analysis gave dissociation constants for ADP and phosphate of 3.2 mM and 1.4 mM, respectively. These binding steps are followed by slow isomerization steps with forward and reverse rate constants (in the direction of ATP synthesis) of 67 s-1 and 227 s-1, respectively. These results demonstrate that highly accurate kinetic data can be obtained with this modulation relaxation technique.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1986

Cylindroma of the nasopharynx: a chronic disease.

From March 1958 to October 1984, 10 patients with cylindroma (cystic adenoid epithelioma) arising in the nasopharynx were treated in our hospital. The presenting symptoms of these patients ranged in duration for 2 weeks to 8 years, with an average of 25 months. Eighty percent of the patients had destruction of the base of skull and 60% had cranial nerve involvement. Of these 10 patients, two had Stage II disease, two had Stage III, and six had Stage IV. Response was seen in this tumor at tissue doses between 5000-8000 rad. Of the seven patients at risk for 5 years, 86% survived, yet 36% of the patients died of tumor between the fifth to tenth year. Fifty percent of the patients lived beyond 10 years. Based on this experience, a dose of more than 8000 rad is advised for the primary lesion. For the neck region, radiation is indicated only when there are lymph node metastases; prophylactic radiation of the neck is not necessary. Local recurrence or single distant metastasis is amenable to radiation therapy. Among the six patients who failed in the course of follow-up, three had local recurrences, two had pulmonary metastases, and one died of cerebral vascular accident.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Radiotherapy of extra-medullary plasma cell tumor--report of 13 patients].

13 patients with extra-medullary plasma cell tumor treated by radiotherapy in a Cancer Hospital from March 1958 to December 1983 are reported. The tumor occurred more frequently in the head and neck, particularly in the upper respiratory tract and oral cavity. Grossly, the majority of the tumor showed dark reddish polypoid masses with the surface bled easily. A misdiagnosis of polyp or hemangioma was usually made. The tumor is sensitive to radiotherapy. In the patients with recurrence or metastasis, retreatment is still effective, at least, palliative. The 5 year survival rate was 70%. A dose of 4,000-6,000 rad in 4-6 weeks is advised for the primary tumor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Effect of surgery and efferent duct ligation on testicular blood flow and testicular steroidogenesis in the rat.

A moderate reduction in testicular blood flow was observed in both testes 24 h after unilateral efferent duct ligation without any corresponding change in testosterone secretion as indicated in the peripheral blood, in testicular venous blood, or in testicular tissue fluid. At 21 days a pronounced unilateral decrease in blood flow was associated with the extensive degeneration of tubules in the testis on the ligated side. These changes were also associated with decreased testosterone secretion by the testis on the ligated side, although Leydig cell function was not abolished since testosterone in the tissue increased rather than decreased. It is therefore concluded that testicular blood flow may play an important role in the changes of testosterone secretion that follow unilateral efferent duct ligation.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Choice of the treatment for lip carcinoma--an analysis on 74 cases].

This paper reports the results of the treatment of 74 patients with lip carcinoma from 1958-1974. All patients were proved by pathology and received their first course of treatment in our hospital. 44 of these patients were treated by radiation and 30, by surgery. The over-all five-year survival rate is 59% (44/74). Satisfactory results were obtained in the early lesions (stages I, II) either by surgery or radiation and the five-year survival rates are 66% (surgery 6/9, radiation 4/6). For stages III and IV, the result of operation is better than radiation's. The five-year survival rate in the former is 71% (15/21) and in the latter is 50% (19/38). In the stage IV lesions (T4), surgery was contraindicated but radiation was still able to cure 25% (1/4) of the patients. The optimal dose for the primary lesion was 6000-8000 rad/6-8 wk. For patients without any metastasis in the neck lymph nodes or with suspicious ones (N0, N1a, N2a), 12% (4/33) developed cervical metastasis if the upper neck area was left untreated. Yet none of them developed metastasis if the neck was treated prophylactically either by radiation (3000-4000 rad/3-4 wk) or by surgery. For patients with positive neck lymph nodes (N1b, N2b, N3), surgery was better than radiation (4000-6000 rad/4-6 wk).

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1983

Lymph node metastases in the neck from an unknown primary. Report on 113 patients.

A series of 113 patients with cervical lymph node metastases from an unknown primary tumour is reported. The 5-year survival was 5 per cent after chemotherapy and 37 per cent after irradiation. The factors relevant to the prognosis after irradiation were the location of the mass and the total dose given. The prognosis was better if the mass was located in the neck than in the supraclavicular fossa. It is recommended that most patients with metastases in the upper or middle part of the neck from an unknown primary be radically irradiated with extended fields including nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and the opposite upper part of the neck in addition to the side with metastases. The tumour dose should preferably be higher than 50 Gy. With this policy it was possible to obtain a 5-year survival in about 50 per cent in a series of Chinese patients, which is quite comparable with the result of surgery. In the series reported, the primary lesions were detected during follow-up in only 6 per cent of the cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of pre- and postoperative radiation in the combined treatment of carcinoma of maxillary sinus.

A series of 50 patients with cancer of the maxillary sinus treated by either preoperative or postoperative radiation from February, 1958 to June, 1974 is presented. In the postoperative group the patients were either free from recurrence, of if there was recurrence, the tumor was less than 0.5 cm in diameter. In the preoperative group, 23 of 36 patients survived for more than five years (64%). In the postoperative group, 4 of 14 patients survived for more than five years (26%). There is an obvious superiority in the preoperative radiation group. The surgical complication rate in the preoperative group was 29% as compared to 14% in the postoperative group. Although the incidence of complications in the preoperative group is higher, we believe it is worth attempting in clinical practice because of the more favourable survival rates.

Adult↗