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Biomedical subjects

X Fu

Publications and source records attributed to X Fu.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

A metastatic nude-mouse model of human pancreatic cancer constructed orthotopically with histologically intact patient specimens.

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most intractable and least understood of all human cancers. Pancreatic cancers is the fourth-leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States with less than 2% of the patients surviving for 5 yr. In an effort to help develop more effective treatment modalities for pancreatic cancer and improve detection, we report an animal model for individual human pancreatic-cancer patients. The model involves orthotopic transplantation of histologically intact pancreatic-cancer specimens to the nude-mouse pancreas, which can result in models that resemble the clinical picture including (i) extensive local tumor growth, (ii) extension of the locally growing human pancreatic cancer to the nude-mouse stomach and duodenum, (iii) metastases of the human pancreatic tumor to the nude-mouse liver and regional lymph nodes, and (iv) distant metastases of the human pancreatic tumor to the nude-mouse adrenal gland, diaphragm, and mediastinal lymph nodes. In a series of five patient cases, a 100% take rate has been demonstrated, and of 17 mice transplanted, 15 supported tumor growth. Immunohistochemical analysis of the antigenic phenotype of the transplanted human pancreatic tumors showed a similar pattern of expression of two different human tumor-associated antigens, such as tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 and carcinoembryonic antigen in the transplanted tumors when compared with the original surgical biopsy, suggesting similarity between the two. This model should, therefore, prove valuable for treatment evaluation of individual cancer patients, as well as for evaluation of experimental treatment modalities for this disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Scalarane-type bishomosester terpenes from the sponge Phyllospongia foliascens.

Five new 20,24-bishomoscalarane sesterterpenes, phyllactones A [1], B [2], C [3], D [4], and E [5], are reported from the sponge Phyllospongia foliascens collected in the waters of the Nansha Islands in the South China Sea. Structural elucidation of these compounds is based on spectral data and chemical conversions. Phyllactones A and B show moderate cytotoxicity against KB cells (IC50 20 micrograms/ml).

Acetylation↗
PubMed1992

Multiple organ injuries after abdominal high energy wounding in animals and the protective effect of antioxidants.

Multiple organ injuries caused by high energy abdominal wounds were studied in 8 pigs and 24 dogs, and at the same time the protective effect of antioxidants in 14 dogs with multiple organ injuries was also studied. The experimental results showed that: 1) more than two organs (six organs at most) were wounded in each of the animals studied; 2) the injuries were characterized by hemorrhaging, tissue rupture and hematoma, and the main pathologic changes were local edema and necrosis; 3) the marked increase of lipid peroxide (LPO) levels in the vital organs indicated that multiple organ injuries could also involve the molecular level; 4) the injuries were due to the direct effect of pressure waves and ischemic reperfusion and not to shock or infection; and 5) antioxidants (vitamin E and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.) exhibited significant protective effects against multiple organ injuries through a free radical mechanism.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1992

[Interphase cytogenetic studies of human X chromosome].

The chromosome in situ hybridization with human X chromosome alpha satellite DNA probe (pBamX7) on human lymphocyte metaphases and interphase nuclei was performed for interphase cytogenetic studies. The individuals with numerical or structural abnormalities of X chromosome were studied. The results showed that the probe hybridized specifically to the centromeric region (p11----q11) of X chromosome. The number of silver grain clusters in interphase nuclei was correlated with that of X chromosome. Most of the clusters located near the nuclear membrane where inactive X chromatins (Barr-bodies) were usually found. The method of ascertaining the number of X chromosomes by in situ hybridization was much more reliable than that by counting the number of Barr-bodies. The modified R-banding technique was introduced and the significance of this work was also discussed.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1991

[Relation between lipid level and gallstone].

Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), beta-lipoprotein (beta-L), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), ratio of HDL-C to TC and LDL-C to HDL-C, age and sex were compared among 252 patients with gallstones (gallstone group, 76 males, 176 females) in gallbladder and 399 controls (256 males, 134 females, control group), who were identified by ultrasonography in a general check-up during the same period. The high risk factors of gallstone were analyzed by stepwise logistic regression. The increase of beta-L concentration (P less than 0.001), female (P less than 0.001), and high ratio of LDL-C to HDL-C (P = 0.0087) were suspected as the high risk factors of gallstone formation in gallbladder.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Phosphorylation of avian retrovirus matrix protein by Ca2+/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase.

The matrix protein from avian myeloblastosis virus and the Rous sarcoma virus, Prague C strain, is a phosphoprotein. A comparison of the amino acid sequences shows these phosphoproteins are very similar. The sites of phosphorylation of the matrix protein purified from virions are identified as serine residues 68 and 106. Treatment with purified rabbit skeletal-muscle protein phosphatase 1 or 2A, selectively releases phosphate from serine 68, while alkali treatment releases phosphate from both sites. When analyzed as a substrate for six different protein kinases, only the Ca2+/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase modifies the matrix protein. The serine residues phosphorylated in vivo are identical to those phosphorylated in vitro by this protein kinase. The role of these phosphorylation events in viral production is discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Ten families of ankylosing spondylitis.

Twenty-two patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) from 10 families were studied with special attention to their clinical findings, HLA-B27 examinations and family histories. Results showed that HLA-B27 was positive in 19 and negative in 3. The hereditary relationship between ankylosing spondylitis and HLA-B27 in Chinese was similar to that in westerners. We consider that subjective symptoms and clinical findings are essential to early diagnosis of AS, but HLA-B27 examination and family history are supportive.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Site-specific phosphorylation of avian retrovirus nucleocapsid protein pp12 regulates binding to viral RNA. Evidence for different protein conformations.

Phosphorylation of serine 40 of the major nucleocapsid protein of avian retroviruses, pp12, regulates binding to viral RNA (Leis, J., Johnson, S., Collins, L. S., and Traugh, J. A. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 7726-7732). The phosphorylation state of the protein can be altered in vitro, resulting in the interconversion of the protein between a state of high affinity for single-stranded RNA and low affinity for single- or double-stranded RNA. The reversible phosphorylation of serine 40 is accompanied by a change in the conformation of the protein as demonstrated by quenching of intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence and chemical modification studies. Quenching of fluorescence of the sole tryptophan residue, Trp 80, by poly(U), KI, and CsCl indicates that the microenvironment of this residue is more positive in pp12 than in p12. Chemical modification studies indicate that the 3 lysine residues at positions 36, 37, and 39 of pp12 react with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid, while only 1 of these residues reacts in p12. The addition of single-stranded, but not double-stranded RNA, to pp12 protects 2 of the 3 lysine residues from chemical modification, suggesting that the two protected lysyl groups are required for binding to single-stranded viral RNA. In contrast to the phosphorylation of serine 40, phosphorylation of serine 43, catalyzed by protease-activated kinase II in vitro, does not induce changes in the protein conformation nor does it alter the RNA binding properties of the protein.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiological study of chronic dermal ulcers in China.

A total of 30,000 hospitalized surgical patients in 15 hospitals were screened for chronic ulcers. A total of 489 patients with chronic dermal ulcers were found with their major causes of ulceration including traumatic wounds, infections, diabetes mellitus, and venous diseases. Patients with chronic ulcers following trauma and infection comprised 67.48% of the total patient population. The incidence of diabetic ulcers and venous ulcers was 4.91% and 6.54% respectively. Sites of ulceration differed with different etiological factors. The percentage of chronic dermal ulcers in the lower extremities, upper extremities, thorax and abdomen, back, and head was 63.10%, 17.93%, 7.76%, 4.83% and 6.38% respectively. Of the 489 patients with chronic ulcers, 183 were farmers (37.42%), and 131 were workers (26.79%). Chronic dermal ulcers were more common in men than in women, but there was no significant difference in the sex-related prevalence. According to these data from different hospitals, the incidence of chronic ulcers in patients hospitalized for surgery was 1.5% to 3.0%. These data have primarily shown the prevalence and clinical characteristics of chronic ulcers in hospitalized patients in China. These data may not be consistent with reports from other countries. Significant differences in etiological factors of ulceration, professional distribution of patients with chronic dermal ulcers, and treatment methods were found when compared with reports of studies conducted in developed countries. Our results will benefit not only additional basic research, but these data will also be useful in preventing and managing chronic wounds in developing countries.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Advances in wound healing research in China: from antiquity to the present.

China is the largest developing country in the world with wounds occuring everyday and everywhere, representing one of the main killers of people. Prevention and treatment of wounds are the main tasks for Chinese surgeons. Although wound care and management have a long history in China, wound healing research and management have made significant progress only in recent years. In this article we give a brief account of the history of wound care and management in China. In addition, we introduce the main research fields and achievements in tissue repair and regeneration during recent times in this country. We hope that these works will benefit our foreign colleagues to know our work and enhance the communication among us.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A new patient-like metastatic model of human small-cell lung cancer constructed orthotopically with intact tissue via thoracotomy in nude mice.

A new nude-mouse metastasizing orthotopic transplant model of human small-cell carcinoma of the lung is described. Histologically-intact human small-cell lung tumors were transplanted to the left lung of nude mice via a thoracotomy procedure we have developed. The transplanted tumors grew extensively locally and metastasized to the opposite lung, lymph nodes and other clinically-relevant sites. The results described indicate the model developed could have clinical relevance and contrasts with models of small-cell carcinoma constructed with injections of cell suspensions which result in few or no metastases.

Animals↗