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Biomedical subjects

X Bosch

Publications and source records attributed to X Bosch.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Anticardiolipin antibodies in patients with autoimmune diseases: isotype distribution and clinical associations.

A prospective study of IgG and IgM isotypes of anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) was performed in a series of 167 patients with various autoimmune diseases, including rheumatic and nonrheumatic disorders, and in a group of 100 healthy blood donors. The IgG aCL serum was regarded as positive if a binding index (BI) greater than 2.85 (3.77 SD) was detected and a BI greater than 4.07 (3.90 SD) was defined as positive for IgM aCL. Forty patients (24%) were found to be positive for IgG and/or IgM aCL. IgG aCL were detected in 23% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), in 9% with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, in 7% with progressive systemic sclerosis, and in 6% with dermatomyositis-polymyositis. IgM aCL were present in 43% patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, in 33% with rheumatoid arthritis, in 22% with SLE, and in 8% with giant-cell arteritis. IgG aCL were found to have a significant association with thrombosis and thrombocytopenia, and IgM and aCL with haemolytic anaemia and neutropenia, in SLE but not in the other autoimmune diseases. The identification of these differences in the aCL isotype associations, depending on the autoimmune disorder, may improve the clinical usefulness of these tests.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1988

Does human papillomavirus cause cervical cancer? The state of the epidemiological evidence.

The human papillomavirus has emerged over the past decade as the leading candidate to be the sexually transmitted aetiological factor in cervical cancer. Although it appears that papillomavirus types 16 and 18 are associated with a higher risk of advanced cervical neoplasia, most of the evidence comes from studies which do not satisfy basic epidemiological requirements, and are therefore difficult to interpret. The most significant problems are the small sample size, potentially biased selection of study subjects, the difficulties in cytologically distinguishing precancerous lesions from papilloma infection of the cervix, the unknown specificity and sensitivity of the various hybridisation methods for determining papillomavirus infection status, and the statistical analyses and presentation of results. On the basis of the existing studies, one is forced to conclude that, while experimental data suggest an oncogenic potential for HPV, the epidemiological evidence implicating it as a cause of cervical neoplasia is still rather limited.

DNA, Viral↗
PubMed1988

Myelofibrosis and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis associated with toluene poisoning.

A 60-year-old man with long-term exposure to toluene presented with both myelofibrosis and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. There was also evidence of other toluene-related complications to support the diagnosis of toluene toxicity. The toxic effects of toluene, particularly kidney disorders and haematotoxicity, suggest a relationship between toluene, myelofibrosis and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

Glomerulonephritis↗
PubMed1988

Erythromelalgia associated with acute diabetic neuropathy: an unusual condition.

Erythromelalgia is a syndrome characterized by erythema, burning pain and increased skin temperature of the affected extremities. It can be either primary (idiopathic) or secondary, but both forms require a critical temperature between 32-36 degrees C to provoke the crisis. Among the secondary forms, its association with diabetes mellitus is infrequent and its significance is little known. The histological studies have been fundamentally performed in patients with this syndrome affected by thrombocythemia; vascular thrombosis and fibromuscular intimal arteriolar proliferation were the prominent findings not corroborated in patients with the primary form. We studied one patient with acute diabetic neuropathy who developed erythromelalgia. We noted the absence of histopathological lesions, suggesting a disorder in vascular motility regulation favored by the severe neuropathy, without being able to discount a possible immunomediated mechanism. We describe the favourable evolution of the patient after treatment with aspirin and methysergide.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Aflatoxin exposure, hepatitis B virus infection and liver cancer in Swaziland.

A study was carried out in Swaziland to assess the relationship between aflatoxin exposure, hepatitis B infection, and the incidence of liver-cell carcinoma, which is the most commonly occurring malignancy among males in Swaziland. Levels of aflatoxin intake were evaluated in dietary samples from households across the country, and crop samples taken from representative farms. Prevalence of hepatitis B markers was estimated from the serum of blood donors, and liver cancer incidence was recorded for the years 1979-83 through a national system of cancer registration. Across 4 broad geographic regions, there was a more than 5-fold variation in the estimated daily intake of aflatoxin, ranging from 3.1 to 17.5 micrograms. The proportion of HBV-exposed individuals was very high (86% in men), but varied relatively little by geographic region; the prevalence of carriers of the surface antigen was 23% in men, and varied from 21 to 28%. Liver cancer incidence varied over a 5-fold range, and was strongly associated with estimated levels of aflatoxin. In an analysis involving 10 smaller subregions, aflatoxin exposure emerged as a more important determinant of the variation in liver cancer incidence than the prevalence of hepatitis infection. Aflatoxin estimates from crop samples appeared to be a reasonable surrogate for dietary measurements. A comparison with dietary aflatoxin levels measured in an earlier survey in Swaziland suggested that programmes aimed at reducing contamination levels had had some success.

Aflatoxins↗
PubMed1987

Early postinfarction ischemia: clinical, angiographic, and prognostic significance.

Early ischemia, defined as angina with transient ST-T changes during hospitalization, 24 hr or more after an acute myocardial infarction (MI), was observed in 79 (18%) of a consecutive series of 449 patients surviving an MI and catheterized a mean of 10 +/- 3 days after admission. Three clinical factors present 24 hr after admission could identify patients at low, medium, and high risk of factors had a risk greater than 50% and the 118 patients with Q wave MI, no previous angina, and absence of risk factors had a risk of less than 8%. The angiographic correlates of early ischemia were number of vessels with 70% or more stenosis (2.1 +/- 0.8 vs 1.7 +/- 0.8/patient, p less than .0001), number of diseased coronary artery segments (2.8 +/- 1.4 vs 2.1 +/- 1.2, p less than .0001), left anterior descending coronary involvement (77% vs 62% of patients, p = .01), number of normally contractile segments at jeopardy because of a coronary stenosis (1.9 +/- 1.3 vs 1.3 +/- 1.1/patient, p less than .0002), collateral circulation at jeopardy (24% vs 15% of patients, p less than .005), and fewer collateral vessels distal to a tight stenosis (59 vs 72% of patients, p = .04). The stepwise logistic regression retained one angiographic and two clinical independent predictors of early ischemia: number of diseased vessels (p = .0008), presence of a non-Q wave MI (p = .0027), and previous angina (p = .017).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Coronary Angiography↗