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Biomedical subjects

X Bao

Publications and source records attributed to X Bao.

79 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Brain stem localization of rodent esophageal premotor neurons revealed by transneuronal passage of pseudorabies virus.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Brain stem premotor neurons control swallowing through contacts with both afferent neurons and motoneurons. The location and connectivity of premotor neurons innervating the esophagus was determined using pseudorabies virus. METHODS: In 30 rats, viral injections were made into either the cervical or subdiaphragmatic esophagus, cricothyroid muscle, or stomach. After a 48-62-hour survival, brain sections were processed immunocytochemically for the virus. RESULTS: Neuronal labeling was limited to the compact formation of the nucleus ambiguus for survivals of 48-54 hours. At 57-62-hour survivals, virus-labeled second-order neurons (premotor neurons) were localized to the central subnucleus of nucleus of the solitary tract. Injections in the cricothyroid muscle and stomach resulted in distinct patterns of motoneuronal labeling in the nucleus ambiguus and dorsal motor nucleus and premotor neuronal labeling in the nucleus of the solitary tract. CONCLUSIONS: Virus-labeled premotor neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract occurred as a result of retrograde transport of the virus from the nucleus ambiguus because no viral antigen was present in the tractus solitarius. The esophagus is controlled by a central circuit whereby esophageal vagal afferents terminate on premotor neurons in the central subnucleus that in turn innervate esophageal motoneurons in the nucleus ambiguus.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Study and preparation of Vi-PHA reagent and its application for detection of Salmonella typhi carriers].

Purified S. typhi Vi antigen is sensitized with equal volume of tannic acid treated formalational sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) at a final concentration of 1 microgram/ml. The Vi-passive hemagglutination assay (Vi-PHA) diagnostic reagent is developed to detect Vi antibodies to S. typhi for the detection of chronic carriers after typhoid fever and the screening S. typhi healthy carriers from food-handlers, which is characterized with high sensitivity, strong specificity and good stability. This Vi-PHA reagent is able to detect 1.16 micrograms/ml of Vi antibodies and doesn't make any cross reaction with healthy sera. For the sera of other diseases, the cross rate is only 0.84%. Using this reagent, 19 positive sera (6.93%) are detected from 274 convalescent sera from typhoid fever, 14 convalescents of which are stool-culture S. typhi positive, that persists a positive rate of 73.68%; 3 positive sera are detected from 106 foodhandlers, one of which is stool-culture S. typhi positive. Therefore, the reagent is simple, convenient, rapid and easy to be applicated in basic unit.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1991

[Effect of second somatonorm treatment in idiopathic growth hormone deficiency dwarfism].

Nine previously treated idiopathic growth hormone deficiency children were treated again with recombinant hGH for one year. The dosage and route of administration were the same as those in the previous treatment. The height velocity increased from 1.5 +/- 1.0 cm/year (mean +/- SD) to 9.2 +/- 1.2 cm/year. Compared with the height velocity (10.7 +/- 0.5 cm/a) in the first year treatment, it decreased in the second year (P less than 0.05). The results also showed that the effect was better with a dosage of 0.7 IU/kg/wk divided into 7 s.c. doses than with 0.5 IU/kg/wk divided into 3 i.m. doses. Eight of the 9 cases had low serum T4 after treatment, but no symptoms of hypothyroidism were seen. Anti-hGH antibody was observed in 2 cases, though it did not affect the height velocity. No other side effects were noticed during treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The frequencies and doses of medical exposure in China.

A sampling survey of medical exposure frequency covered 15,000 hospitals in 24 provinces, while a sampling measurement of patient doses covered 2,000 hospitals in 14 provinces. From these surveys and measurements, we compiled survey data of 11 million cases. The data were analyzed by computer, and the frequencies, averages of skin and organic dose per examination, and population doses per capita (He, LSD, GSD, SSD) were found. The possible risks of medical exposure in China are also estimated in this paper.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Investigation of the metabolism of 7-(4-chlorbenzyl)-7,8,13,13a-tetrahydroberberine chloride in the rat.

The metabolism of 7-(4-chlorbenzyl)-7,8,13,13a-tetrahydroberberine chloride (CTHB), a compound with promising pharmacological effects against arrhythmia, was investigated in rat bile. A metabolite and unchanged CTHB were found in the bile. Characterization and structural elucidation of the metabolite was achieved by LC/MS and LC/NMR. The following metabolic pathway is proposed: CTHB is metabolized by demethylation at position 10 to produce a new entity.

Animals↗