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Biomedical subjects

X Ayral

Publications and source records attributed to X Ayral.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Chondroscopy: a new method for scoring chondropathy.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance (simplicity, reproducibility, relevance) of chondroscopy as a method for evaluating cartilage damage. Chondroscopy consisted in endoscopic evaluation of the knee using a 2.7-mm Storz arthroscope under local anesthesia and recorded on videotape. Scoring of chondropathy was based on physician's overall assessment using a 100-mm-length visual analogue scale (VAS) and size and grade of cartilage lesions. Reproducibility was evaluated by variability (coefficient of variation [CV]) in the reading of chondroscopic evaluations of five patients five times by one physician and one time each by four different physicians. The correlations between scoring of chondropathy (VAS) and radiological articular joint space narrowing, demographic data (sex, age, weight), and disease characteristics (localization, etiology, activity) were studied in 84 outpatients fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology criteria for the diagnosis of osteoarthritis of the knee. The grade and size of the lesions were both correlated with the physician's overall assessment (r = 0.713 and r = 0.816, respectively). These two variables accounted for 72% of the variance of the VAS (multiple regression analysis). Intraobserver reproducibility was better than interobserver reproducibility (CV, 9% and 37%, respectively). There was a strong correlation between the scoring of chondropathy (VAS) and radiological joint space narrowing (r = .646, P < .0001). Moreover, in 17 of 33 patients without radiological joint space narrowing, VAS was > 20 mm. At variance, the body mass index was the single clinical variable found to correlate with the scoring of chondropathy (r = .282, P < .001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Arthroscopy↗
PubMed1993

[Evaluation of a quality of life scale (AIMS2) in rheumatology].

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the feasibility, relevance, and sensitivity of the French version of the revised Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale (AIMS2) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis of the hip. METHODS: translation of the English-language AIMS2 into French using the back-to-back technique; evaluation of feasibility on the basis of a) time needed to complete the AIMS2; b) percentage of questionnaires with at least one missing answer or one answer indicating that the question was misunderstood; evaluation of relevance on the basis of correlations between AIMS2 scores and conventional parameters for evaluating the activity of rheumatoid arthritis (85 patients); evaluation of sensitivity on the basis of total hip replacement-induced improvements in AIMS2 scores versus other conventional scores used to evaluate activity of osteoarthritis of the hip (48 patients). RESULTS: feasibility, mean time needed to complete the AIMS2 was 23 minutes in rheumatoid arthritis patients and 26 minutes in osteoarthritis patients. Forty per cent of patients failed to answer at least one question and 21% misunderstood at least one question; relevance: conventional parameters used in rheumatoid arthritis accounted for 51% of AIMS2 score variance, suggesting that the AIMS2 provided information not supplied by conventional parameters. SENSITIVITY: after total hip replacement for osteoarthritis, there were statistically significant decreases in all AIMS2 scores (with the exception of function and work). CONCLUSION: These data suggest that the AIMS2 score is not an easy evaluation tool but is both relevant and sensitive. These findings require confirmation by longitudinal studies.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1992

Frequency and size of ossifications in the caudal attachments of the ligamentum flavum of the thoracic spine. Role of rotatory strains in their development. An anatomic study of 121 spines.

Ossifications in the caudal attachments of the ligamentum flavum were studied on 121 dried thoracic spines. Most of them were aged. Frequency increased in a caudal direction. At T12, frequency depended on the orientation of the zygapophyseal joints of T11-12 which determined the range of rotation. When they were of thoracic orientation, allowing large range of rotation, ossifications were present in 83% of cases. If orientation was lumbar, allowing poor range of rotation, ossifications became much less frequent:33%. The size of ossifications was also studied. The smaller were in T1 and T2. In T11 and T12, size also depended on the orientation of the zygapophyseal joints of T11-12. If it allowed important range of rotation, ossifications were large sized. In the opposite case, they were small sized. Ossifications of caudal attachments of ligamentum flavum appear to be a normal feature of the aged lower thoracic spine. Their frequency in a given motion segment seems to be influenced by rotational strains.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1978

[Acute non-septicaemic broncho-pulmonary aspergillosis. One case in a patient with no obvious immune deficiency (author's transl)].

A 55-year-old man, alcoholic, and with a past history of tuberculosis, suddenly suffered a pneumococcal pneumonia which favourised the onset of predelirium tremens and then generalised convulsions. The latter, in combination with the administration of sedatives, resulted in acute respiratory insufficiency. Assisted ventilation proved necessary. After a brief improvement, fever recurred and extensive pulmonary necrosis developed. The patient died 32 days later, all aetiological studies having proved negative. The diagnosis was made at autopsy which revealed the presence of multiple pulmonary aspergillus abcesses and a purulent bronchitis due to the same fungus. Aspergillus serology had not been done.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Vascular sarcomas of the ethmoid sinus (hemangioendothelioma)].

Vascular sarcomas (haemangio-endotheliomas) are tumours which are very rarely encountered in the facial mass. Only 10 cases have been found in the literature. Two cases are described: the first patient was operated on in 1968 for a localization in the left side of the ethmoid and presented 9 year later with a recurrence on the right side symmetrical with the first which remained apparently cured; a year later, there was a recurrence on the right then diffuse pulmonary metastases. The second case was that of a patient with an ethmoid localization cured by radiotherapy and surgery 20 years before, but presenting with a recurrence in the ganglia 10 years later and a parapharyngeal recurrence developing over the past 6 years. In connection with these two cases, the diagnostic difficulties involved in distinguishing these tumours from epitheliomas and sarcomas of the facial mass, which sometimes show considerable vascularization, from other vascular tumours, benign haemangioendotheliomas, glomus tumours and, in particular, haemangio-pericytomas, are described. The possibility of a long survival should be noted for some rare facial localizations: this is in contrast with the usually very rapid development of vascular sarcomas in other localizations.

Adult↗