Biomedical subjects

Wei Yao

Publications and source records attributed to Wei Yao.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

Eudesmane and megastigmane glucosides from Laggera alata.

Four eudesmane glucosides, alatosides A-D (1-4), and one megastigmane glucoside, alatoside E (5), were isolated from the BuOH fraction of Laggera alata along with six known compounds. Structures of the new compounds were elucidated by a combination of chemical and spectroscopic methods. Alatosides A-E were characterized as: 1alpha-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxyl)-7-epi-eudesma-11-en-2beta,4alpha-diol (1), 2beta-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxyl)-eudesma-4alpha-hydroxyl-11(13)-en-12-oic-acid (2), 5beta-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxyl)-eudesma-4(15),11(13)-dien-12-oic-acid (3), 5alpha-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxyl)-eudesma-3,11(13)-dien-12-oic acid (4) and 3beta-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxyl)-megastigma-9-one (5), respectively. Based on the chemical characteristics of eudesmane derivatives isolated from the Laggera genus, it was suggested that there are probably two different biogenetic pathways for these secondary metabolites in this genus.

Asteraceae↗

PubMed2003

New bone formation with teriparatide [human parathyroid hormone-(1-34)] is not retarded by long-term pretreatment with alendronate, estrogen, or raloxifene in ovariectomized rats.

With the ready availability of several osteoporosis therapies, teriparatide [human PTH-(1-34)] is likely to be prescribed to postmenopausal women with prior exposure to agents that prevent bone loss, such as bisphosphonates, estrogen, or selective estrogen receptor modulators. Therefore, we evaluated the ability of once daily teriparatide to induce bone formation in ovariectomized (Ovx) rats with extended prior exposure to various antiresorptive agents, such as alendronate (ABP), 17 alpha-ethinyl estradiol (EE), or raloxifene (Ral). Sprague Dawley rats were Ovx and treated with ABP (28 microg/kg, twice weekly), EE (0.1 mg/kg per d), or Ral (1 mg/kg per d) for 10 months before switching to teriparatide 30 microg/kg per d for another 2 months. Analysis of the proximal tibial metaphysis showed that all three antiresorptive agents prevented ovariectomy-induced bone loss after 10 months, but were mechanistically distinct, as shown by histomorphometry. Before teriparatide treatment, ABP strongly suppressed activation frequency and bone formation rate to below levels in other treatment groups, whereas these parameters were not different from sham values for EE or Ral. Trabecular area for ABP, EE, and Ral were greater than that in Ovx controls. However, the trabecular bone effects of ABP were attributed not only to effects on the secondary spongiosa, but also to the preservation of primary spongiosa, which was prevented from remodeling. After 2 months of teriparatide treatment, lumbar vertebra showed relative bone mineral density increases of 18%, 7%, 11%, and 10% for vehicle/teriparatide, ABP/teriparatide, EE/teriparatide, and Ral/teriparatide, respectively, compared with 10 month levels. Histomorphometry showed that trabecular area was increased by 105%, 113%, 36%, and 48% for vehicle/teriparatide, ABP/teriparatide, EE/teriparatide, and Ral/teriparatide, respectively, compared with 10 month levels. Teriparatide enhanced mineralizing surface, mineral apposition rate, and bone formation rate in all groups. Compression testing of vertebra showed that teriparatide improved strength (peak load) and toughness in all groups to a proportionately similar extent compared with 10 month levels. These data showed a surprising ability of the rat skeleton to respond to teriparatide despite extensive pretreatment with ABP, EE, or Ral. Therefore, the mature skeleton of Ovx rats remains highly responsive to the appositional effects of teriparatide regardless of pretreatment status in terms of cancellous bone area or rate of bone turnover.

Alendronate↗

PubMed2003

Both hPTH(1-34) and bFGF increase trabecular bone mass in osteopenic rats but they have different effects on trabecular bone architecture.

UNLABELLED: Osteoporosis is a syndrome of excessive skeletal fragility that results from both the loss of trabecular bone mass and trabecular bone connectivity. Recently, bFGF has been found to increase trabecular bone mass in osteoporotic rats. The purpose of this study was to compare how trabecular bone architecture, bone cell activity, and strength are altered by two different bone anabolic agents, bFGF and hPTH(1-34), in an osteopenic rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 74) were ovariectomized (OVX) or sham-operated (sham) and maintained untreated for 2 months. Then OVX rats were subcutaneously injected with basic fibroblast factor (bFGF; 1 mg/kg, 5 days/week), human parathyroid hormone [hPTH(1-34); 40 microg/kg, 5 days/week], or vehicle for 60 days (days 60-120). Sham-operated and one group of OVX animals were injected with vehicle. Biochemical markers of bone turnover (urinary deoxypyridinoline cross-links; Quidel Corp., San Diego, CA, USA) and serum osteocalcin (Biomedical Technologies, Stroughton, MA, USA) were obtained at study days 0, 60, 90, and 120 and analyzed by ELISA. At death, the right proximal tibial metaphysis was removed, and microcomputed tomography was performed for trabecular bone structure and processed for histomorphometry to assess bone cell activity. The left proximal tibia was used for nanoindentation/mechanical testing of individual trabeculae. The data were analyzed with Kruskal Wallis and post hoc testing as needed. RESULTS: Ovariectomy at day 60 resulted in about a 50% loss of trabecular bone volume compared with sham-treated animals. By day 120 post-OVX, OVX + vehicle treated animals had decreased trabecular bone volume, connectivity, number, and high bone turnover compared with sham-operated animals [p < 0.05 from sham-, hPTH(1-34)-, and bFGF-treated groups]. Treatment of OVX animals with bFGF and hPTH(1-34) both increased trabecular bone mass, but hPTH(1-34) increased trabecular thickness and bFGF increased trabecular number and connectivity. Histomorphometry revealed increased mineralizing surface and bone formation rate in both bFGF and hPTH(1-34) animals. However, osteoid volume was greater in bFGF-treated animals compared with both the hPTH(1-34) and OVX + vehicle animals (p < 0.05). Nanoindentation by atomic force microscope was performed on approximately 20 individual trabeculae per animal (three animals per group) and demonstrated that elastic modulus and hardness of the trabeculae in bFGF-treated animals were similar to that of the hPTH-treated and sham + vehicle-treated animals. CONCLUSION: Both hPTH(1-34) and bFGF are anabolic agents in the osteopenic female rat. However, hPTH(1-34) increases trabecular bone volume primarily by thickening existing trabeculae, whereas bFGF adds trabecular bone mass through increasing trabecular number and trabecular connectivity. These results suggest the possibility of sequential treatment paradigms for severe osteoporosis.

Anabolic Agents↗

PubMed2003

[Research and development on the dynamic system for detecting the force of acupuncture needle during the acupuncture process in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine].

Manipulations are essential to the acupuncture curative effect. With the technique limited, the researches on acupuncture manipulations can only be carried out with respect to the senses and experience of doctors and patients, thus seriously impeding the modernization and internationalization of acupuncture. Both the modern integration technology of transducer and the biomechanical principles are applied to develop a detection system that can measure the interaction force between the manipulator and the manipulated patient on the needle at each kind of manipulation. Through clinical practice, the force waveforms acting on needle with the manipulations of symmetrical twirling-rotating and symmetrical lifting-inserting were recorded so as to realize the quantitative, objective and real-time detection of the force during the acupuncture process, which provided a new experimentation means and analysis method for the improvement of clinical curative effect and quantitative research of acupuncture and meridians.

Acupuncture↗

PubMed2003

Kang wei granules in treatment of gastropathy related to Helicobacter pylori infection.

Kang Wei Granules, a granular preparation for strengthening the spleen and replenishing Qi and for clearing away heat and resolving dampness, was used in the treatment of 288 cases of gastropathy related to Helicobacter pylori infection. The effects were compared with De Nol triple therapy in the control group of 74 cases. The therapeutic results showed that Kang Wei Granules was superior to the western drugs in improving the principal symptoms of deficiency of the spleen and stomach, and retention of damp-heat in the interior (P < 0.05).

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Detection of the anti-SARS-coronavirus specific antibody levels in 156 SARS patients].

The objective of this study was to explore the development of IgG and IgM against SARS CoV and characteristics of changes of antibody titers in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and to search the opportunity for collecting specific anti-serum from convalescent patients with SARS. The anti-SARS-coronavirus specific antibody levels in 156 SARS patients were measured with ELISA. The results showed that the total positive rates of IgG and IgM were 75.6% and 41.7% respectively, and the negative rate of both IgG and IgM was 23.7%. The average titers of IgG and IgM antibody in positive samples were 18.23 +/- 24.72 and 2.18 +/- 1.13, respectively. There was no significant correlation between the titers of IgG/IgM and sex, age, course of diseases and duration of body temperature recovery. It was concluded that not all SARS patients could produce the anti-SARS-coronavirus specific antibody. The titers of the anti-body are diversified even if the antibodies have been emerged in them. In order to obtain effective anti-serum, the titers of antibody must be tested just before collection of convalescent serum, and it ensures the therapeutic effect and provides a measurable index for clinical transfusion.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

A 5-fluorodeoxyuridine prodrug as targeted therapy for prostate cancer.

A method for targeted delivery of the cytotoxic agent 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FudR) (1) to sites of metastatic prostate cancer is described. The prodrug was synthesized by coupling the active drug (FudR) to the PSA-peptide via a self-cleaving diamino acid linker to produce HSSKLQ-Leu-Aib-FudR. This prodrug serves as a substrate for prostate specific antigen (PSA). This approach permitted efficient conversion of the inactive prodrug back to the active cytotoxic state by the enzymatic activity of PSA which is highly expressed by prostate cells.

Cell Death↗

PubMed2002

Tropical application of halcinonide cream reduces the severity and incidence of intraperitoneal adhesions in a rat model.

BACKGROUND: Systemic or intraperitoneal administration of corticosteroids has been reported to have conflicting effects on the prevention of peritoneal adhesions. Painting corticosteroid cream directly on the likely site of adhesion formation, owing to its high concentrations and persistent effects, may be a promising approach to prevent peritoneal adhesion formation. METHODS: Adhesions were induced by abrading of the cecum, followed by dropping of 95% ethanol. Sixty Wistar rats were randomly allocated to two control groups with no further treatment of the cecum and to two therapy groups treated with 0.1% halcinonide cream painted directly on the damaged surface of the cecum. After 3 and 7 days, adhesion scores, adhesion incidence, and intraperitoneal leukocytes were evaluated. RESULTS: On both postoperative days 3 and 7, halcinonide cream resulted in a significant decrease in mean adhesion scores (6.80 versus 0.67, 10.40 versus 1.26; P <0.001, P <0.001, respectively). The adhesion incidence was 43.3% for the therapy groups and 100% for controls (P <0.01). On day 3, the total numbers of intraperitoneal leukocytes were 120.73 +/- 24.01 millions for the therapy groups and 270.40 +/- 34.68 for controls (P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Painting halcinonide cream directly on the damaged surface of the cecum could effectively reduce the severity and incidence of adhesion, possibly by suppression of early inflammatory exudate and of late fibroblast invasion and proliferation.

Abdomen↗

PubMed2002

Roles of NHE-1 in the proliferation and apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in rats.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the roles of Na+/H+ exchanger-1 (NHE-1) in the proliferation and apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in rats. METHODS: Twenty Wistar rats were randomized into control group and 3-week hypoxic group. Intracellular pH (pHi) of the smooth muscle was determined with fluorescence measurement of the pH-sensitive dye BCECF-AM, and the expression of NHE-1 mRNA was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Primary culture of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in vitro was performed. In situ cell death detection kit (TUNEL) was used for studying the effect of specific NHE-1 inhibitor-dimethyl amiloride (DMA) on the apoptosis of muscle cells which had intracellular acidification. RESULTS: pHi value and NHE-1 mRNA expression of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells were significantly higher in the hypoxic group than in the control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.001). DMA elevated the apoptotic ratio remarkably. The effect was enhanced when DMA concentration increased and the time prolonged. CONCLUSIONS: With the function of adjusting pHi, NHE-1 may play an important role in the proliferation and apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

[A hemodynamics model describing cardiac deficiency of qi(vital energy)].

Cardiac deficiency of qi(vital energy) is one of the main syndromes in terms of TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine). Based on our analysis of blood-tissue fluid circulation, we set up a hemodynamics model describing cardiac deficiency of qi. The model's theoretical results can reflect the manifestations of cardiac deficiency of qi, and are identical to those of clinical experimental discoveries, therefore it has substantiated our theory-cell's abnormal physiological function caused by undernourishment of tissue fluid is the reason of qi-deficiency.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

[Prevalence and relevant factors on echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy among community-based hypertensive patients in Shanghai].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and relevant factors on the echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the hypertensive patients in an urban community. RESULTS: The prevalence of LVH was 29.2% in 1 686 hypertensive patients, with 25.4% in males and 34.5% in females, respectively. The prevalence was significantly higher in females than in males (chi(2) = 16.17, P < 0.01). The rate was increasing with age and significantly higher prevalence was observed in 45-, 55-, 65- age groups of females (P < 0.05). Moreover, elevated systolic blood pressure and higher BMI were related to the LVH in hypertensive patients, while higher education level seemed a protective factor. CONCLUSION: These results implied that a comprehensive intervention should be taken in the prevention of LVH.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

[The circulatory and respiratory dynamic mechanisms of lung Qi-deficiency].

As the transportation of O2 and CO2 inside human body is an integrated aspect of Qi-blood transportation, a hemodynamic model is established based on the analysis of the respiratory and circulation system. The results of such model show that the abnormality of the circulatory and respiratory parameters always lead to a reduction of Po2 (O2 pressure) in tissue fluid, and then a Lung Qi-Deficiency Syndrome (QDS). This model can be used to quantitatively explain, to some extent, the physiological phenomena of Lung QDS, and could combine all the discoveries of in clinical researches, on Lung QDS. The measurement of Po2 in tissue fluid as an index to analyze Lung QDS is in accordance with TCM and TMM (the theory of modern medicine). This model may provide a new approach in clinical research of Lung QDS.

Hemodynamics↗

PubMed1998

Application of a Designed Synthetic Ligand for the Separation and Purification of Alkaline Phosphatase.

An artificial affinity ligand comprising a p-aminobenzyl phosphoric acid as inhibitor was designed and coupled to an agarose support by chlorotriazine ring to separate and purify alkaline phosphatase from calf intestine. The optimal density of the ligand is 6 &mgr;mol/g adsorbent. After elution with sodium chloride and inorganic phosphoric acid a 300-fold purified enzymatic preparation was obtained in one step with a yield of 90%.

Journal Article↗