Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Wei Cai

Publications and source records attributed to Wei Cai.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

The first complete genome sequence of Ammi majus latent virus from the new natural host culantro.

A potyvirus (isolate AMLV-CQ) infecting culantro (Eryngium foetidum L.) imported from Vietnam was identified by RT-PCR. The complete genome sequence of AMLV-CQ was determined to be 9,549 nucleotides in length. It contains a large open reading frame encoding a 3,082-amino-acid putative polyprotein, flanked by 5´ and 3´ untranslated regions (UTRs) of 77 and 226 nt, respectively. AMLV-CQ is closely related to five other completely sequenced potyviruses, sharing 68-69% nucleotide and 69-70% amino acid sequence identity. However, the coat protein (CP) gene shares 89% nucleotide and 93% amino acid sequence identity with that of a partially sequenced potyvirus, Ammi majus latent virus (isolate AMLV-WF17). These results suggest that AMLV-CQ and AMLV-WF17 are isolates of the same species. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a complete genome sequence of an AMLV isolate, and culantro was identified as a new natural host for this virus. In addition, a one-step RT-PCR assay was developed that provides a rapid, robust, and highly sensitive approach for the detection of AMLV.

Eryngium↗
PubMed2006

Glutamine attenuates TPN-associated liver injury in infant rabbits.

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of parenteral alanyl-glutamine dipeptide (Ala-Gln) on TPN-associated liver injury. Forty-three New Zealand rabbits (6-8 days old) were divided into three groups: 12 in the control group (maternal fed); 18 in the TPN group (TPN for 10 days); 13 in the Gln-PN group (TPN+Ala-Gln 400 mg kg(-1) day(-1) for 10 days). At the end of the experiment, liver function and histology were evaluated; MDA content of liver tissues and hepatocyte apoptosis by TUNEL assay were also determined. The serum concentration of direct bilirubin and bile acid in the Gln-PN group was significantly lower than TPN group (P < 0.05), but showed no difference compared with the control group. AST level of the Gln-PN group was lower than the other two groups. The light microscopy (LM) features in the TPN group included cholestasis or diffuse steatosis, while in the Gln-PN group, inflammatory infiltration and mild hydropic degenerative changes were mainly found without obvious cholestasis or proliferation of bile ducts. The electron microscopy appearances corresponded with LM findings. The liver MDA content in the Gln-PN group was clearly lower than the TPN group (P < 0.05), and was lower without statistical significance compared with control group. TUNEL assays showed the ratio of apoptotic hepatocytes in the TPN group was the highest among all the groups (44.59 +/- 6.68 vs. 0.92 +/- 0.85 in the control group, P < 0.01; 44.59 +/- 6.68 vs. 4.14 +/- 2.76 in the Gln-PN group, P < 0.01). There were significantly fewer apoptotic hepatocytes in the Gln-PN group. From this study, we found that glutamine dipeptide supplementation could attenuate TPN-associated liver injury in infant rabbits, and could also decrease liver MDA production and hepatocyte apoptosis during total parenteral nutrition.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Facile synthesis of superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles in liquid polyols.

Magnetite nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized in liquid polyols at elevated temperature. Polyol solvent plays a crucial role in determining the morphology and colloidal stability of the resulting particles. The structure and morphology of the nanoparticles were studied using XRD, TEM, SAED, TGA and FTIR. The magnetic properties of the samples were measured using physical properties measurement system (PPMS) of Quantum Design. The results show that as-prepared magnetite nanoparticles are monodisperse, highly crystalline and superparamagnetic at room temperature. The nanoparticles can be easily dispersed in aqueous media and other polar solvents due to coated by a layer of hydrophilic polyol ligands in situ. This approach provides a facile route to prepare magnetite nanoparticles.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Surgical management to conjoined twins in Shanghai area.

Conjoined twins are very rare congenital malformation. The aim of this study was to summarize our experiences of surgical separation on seven sets of conjoined twins, and improve the treatment of conjoined twins in the future. A retrospective review of surgical separation included data of prenatal diagnosis, associated malformation, timing of separation, intra- and postoperative management, and follow-up of six sets of conjoined twins at Shanghai Xin-Hua Hospital from 1980 to 2005 and one set at Shanghai Children's Hospital in 2002. Surgical separation was performed on seven sets of conjoined twins; six sets of thoracopagus-omphalapagus (including four sets of xipho-omphalopagus) and one set of ischiopagus. All sets presented varying degrees of severity of congenital cardiac malformations. Four sets were diagnosed prenatally by ultrasonography. Two sets of conjoined twins (case 2 and case 3) required emergent separation within 7 days after birth; both members of case 2 died within 2 days post operation, one member of case 3 died during operation while the other member survived. Five sets had scheduled separation undertaken more than 30 days after birth. One member of a set (case 6B) died 13 days after operation due to severe congenital cardiovascular anomalies. All other members of conjoined twins survived. Case 6A had a severe defect of the anterior thoracic cage and prosthesis of titanium alloy scaffold filled with silicone rubber was used to repair the defects successfully. Following up from 1980 to 2005, one member of a set (case 1A) died 4 years after operation due to pneumonia. Contact was lost to the surviving member of case 3 (ischiopagus). Other survivors of the separations had normal development. (1) Timing of operation and separation plan should be given according to the circumstances and the nature of the organ shared in each individual set of twins. (2) Prosthesis of titanium alloy scaffolds filled with silicone rubber may become one of viable methods for repairing severe defects of the thoracic cage.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2006

Dislocation multi-junctions and strain hardening.

At the microscopic scale, the strength of a crystal derives from the motion, multiplication and interaction of distinctive line defects called dislocations. First proposed theoretically in 1934 (refs 1-3) to explain low magnitudes of crystal strength observed experimentally, the existence of dislocations was confirmed two decades later. Much of the research in dislocation physics has since focused on dislocation interactions and their role in strain hardening, a common phenomenon in which continued deformation increases a crystal's strength. The existing theory relates strain hardening to pair-wise dislocation reactions in which two intersecting dislocations form junctions that tie the dislocations together. Here we report that interactions among three dislocations result in the formation of unusual elements of dislocation network topology, termed 'multi-junctions'. We first predict the existence of multi-junctions using dislocation dynamics and atomistic simulations and then confirm their existence by transmission electron microscopy experiments in single-crystal molybdenum. In large-scale dislocation dynamics simulations, multi-junctions present very strong, nearly indestructible, obstacles to dislocation motion and furnish new sources for dislocation multiplication, thereby playing an essential role in the evolution of dislocation microstructure and strength of deforming crystals. Simulation analyses conclude that multi-junctions are responsible for the strong orientation dependence of strain hardening in body-centred cubic crystals.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Oxidative injury and hepatocyte apoptosis in total parenteral nutrition-associated liver dysfunction.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of oxidative injury and apoptosis on total parenteral nutrition (TPN)-associated hepatic dysfunction. METHODS: Fifty-nine New Zealand rabbits (6-8 days old) were divided into 4 groups: 12 in the control group (maternal fed), 15 in the PN-3 group (TPN for 3 days), 14 in the PN-7 group (TPN for 7 days), and 18 in the PN-10 group (TPN for 10 days). At the end of the experiment, blood biochemistry analysis and histologic examination of the liver were performed; the malondialdehyde content of liver tissues was determined and hepatocyte apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick-end labeling assay. RESULTS: We found that the serum level of direct bilirubin became higher as PN duration was extended. The light microscopy features in the PN-3 and PN-7 groups included inflammatory cells infiltrated in portal areas and some degeneration changes, whereas in the PN-10 group, cholestasis (proliferation of bile ducts and bile pigments in hepatocytes) or diffuse steatosis was shown. Electron microscopic manifestation in PN groups included reduced numbers of microvilli and some preapoptosis changes. Both the malondialdehyde content and apoptosis index were the highest in the PN-10 group; there were more apoptotic hepatocytes in the groups with longer PN duration. CONCLUSIONS: The longer the TPN duration, the more severe the liver injury. Both oxidative injury and apoptosis may play important roles in the mechanism of TPN-associated hepatic dysfunction.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Total parenteral nutrition induces liver steatosis and apoptosis in neonatal piglets.

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) induces a high rate of liver disease in infants, yet the pathogenesis remains elusive. We used neonatal piglets as an animal model to assess early events leading to TPN-mediated liver injury. Newborn piglets (n = 7) were nourished for 7 d on TPN or enteral nutrition (EN) and the liver tissue and isolated hepatocytes were subjected to morphologic and molecular analysis. Histological analysis revealed prominent steatosis (grade > 2) in 6 of 7 TPN pigs, whereas minimal steatosis (grade < or = 1) was observed in only 2 EN pigs. Abundant cytosolic cytochrome C and DNA fragmentation were observed in hepatocytes from TPN compared with EN piglets. Markers of mitochondrial and Fas-mediated apoptosis were altered in TPN liver tissue, as indicated by a lower ATP concentration (P < 0.05), accumulation of ubiquitin, 9.9-fold activation of caspase-3 activity (P < 0.01), and increased cleavage of poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase, caspase-8, -9, and -7 when compared with EN livers. Bcl-2 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression was downregulated, whereas Fas and Bax were upregulated in TPN livers. However, levels of caspase-12 and Bip/GRP78, both markers of endoplasmic reticulum-mediated apoptosis, did not differ between the groups. Short-term TPN induces steatosis and oxidative stress, which results in apoptosis mediated by the mitochondrial and Fas pathways. Thus, TPN-induced steatosis in newborn piglets may serve as a novel animal model to assess the pathogenesis of fatty liver and apoptosis-mediated liver injury in infants.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed2006

Nutcracker phenomenon: a new diagnostic method of multislice computed tomography angiography.

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated 3-D computed tomography angiography (3-D CTA) in the diagnosis of the nutcracker phenomenon, and its significance in postoperative follow up. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three-dimensional CTA was used to compare the anatomical relations of the left renal vein with the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery in patients with the nutcracker phenomenon and in a control group. Four patients with the nutcracker phenomenon received a surgical procedure of the transposition of the left renal vein. The 3-D CTA was used for all patients during postoperation follow-up testing. RESULTS: The 3-D CTA showed a compression of the left renal vein between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and the abnormal acute angle between them. The angles and distances between the SMA and the aorta were 39.3 +/- 4.3 degrees and 3.1 +/- 0.2 mm in the patient groups and 90 +/- 10 degrees and 12 +/- 1.8 mm in the control groups, respectively. Differences in angles and distances were statistically significant between the two groups (P < 0.05). Surgical transposition of the left renal vein was performed successfully. Postoperative 3-D CTA revealed the distance between the SMA and the aorta was nearly normal. CONCLUSION: The reconstruction imaging of the renal vein by means of 3-D CTA revealed that unusual hematuria was due to compression of the left renal vein; therefore it may be a useful alternative imaging technique instead of conventional examinations. The non-invasive 3-D CTA may be a useful tool in the diagnosis of the nutcracker phenomenon and follow-up testing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Evaluation of greenlight photoselective vaporization of the prostate for the treatment of high-risk patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

AIM: To explore the feasibility and safety of greenlight photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) on high-risk patients presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and to evaluate their clinical and voiding outcome. METHODS: A total of 85 high-risk patients with obstructive BPH underwent PVP with an 80 W potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser, which was delivered through a side-deflecting fiber with a 23 Fr continuous flow cystoscope. Operative time, blood loss, indwelling catheterzation, international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life score (QoL), uroflowmetry, postvoid residual urine volume and short-term complication rates were evaluated for all patients. RESULTS: All patients got through the perioperative period safely. The chief advantages of PVP were: short operative time (25.6 +/- 7.6 min), little bleeding loss (56.8 +/- 14.3 mL) and short indwelling catheterization (1.6 +/- 0.8 d). The IPSS and QoL decreased from (29.6 +/- 5.4) and (5.4 +/- 0.6) to (9.5 +/- 2.6) and (1.3 +/- 0.6), respectively. The vast majority of patients were satisfied with voiding outcome. The mean maximal urinary flow rate increased to 17.8 mL/s and postvoid residual urine volume decreased to 55.6 mL. These results are significantly different from preoperative data (P < 0.05). No patient required blood transfusion or fluid absorption. There were few complications and very high patient satisfaction after operation. CONCLUSION: PVP has a short operative time and high tolerance, and is safe, effective and minimally invasive for high-risk patients, therefore it might be considered as a good alternative treatment for high-risk patients with obstructive urinary symptoms as a result of BPH.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Effects of angiotensin II on connexin 43 of VSMCs in arteriosclerosis.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of angiotensin II (Ang II) on expression of gap junction channel protein connexin 43 (Cx43) in the proliferation process of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) during the early stage of arteriosclerosis. METHODS: Thirty-two adult male rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups. Rabbits in Group A were fed common diet while others in Groups B, C, and D were fed high-cholesterol diet. Losartan (10 mg/(kg.d)) and ramipril (0.5 mg/(kg.d)) were added in the diet of Groups C and D, respectively. The animals were sacrificed after 8 weeks and abdominal aortas were removed and dissected. The expression of Cx43 was assayed using RT-PCR and Western Blotting analysis. RESULTS: Cx43 was increased markedly in both protein and mRNA level in Groups B, C, and D fed high-cholesterol diet compared with that in control group (P<0.01). Cx43 level in losartan or ramipril treated groups was higher than that in control group (P<0.01, P<0.05), but lower than that in high-cholesterol diet groups (P<0.05, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Cx43 level was upregulated in VSMCs during early atherosclerosis. Losartan and ramipril can inhibit the expression of Cx43.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed2005

Prediction of functional specificity determinants from protein sequences using log-likelihood ratios.

MOTIVATION: A number of methods have been developed to predict functional specificity determinants in protein families based on sequence information. Most of these methods rely on pre-defined functional subgroups. Manual subgroup definition is difficult because of the limited number of experimentally characterized subfamilies with differing specificity, while automatic subgroup partitioning using computational tools is a non-trivial task and does not always yield ideal results. RESULTS: We propose a new approach SPEL (specificity positions by evolutionary likelihood) to detect positions that are likely to be functional specificity determinants. SPEL, which does not require subgroup definition, takes a multiple sequence alignment of a protein family as the only input, and assigns a P-value to every position in the alignment. Positions with low P-values are likely to be important for functional specificity. An evolutionary tree is reconstructed during the calculation, and P-value estimation is based on a random model that involves evolutionary simulations. Evolutionary log-likelihood is chosen as a measure of amino acid distribution at a position. To illustrate the performance of the method, we carried out a detailed analysis of two protein families (LacI/PurR and G protein alpha subunit), and compared our method with two existing methods (evolutionary trace and mutual information based). All three methods were also compared on a set of protein families with known ligand-bound structures. AVAILABILITY: SPEL is freely available for non-commercial use. Its pre-compiled versions for several platforms and alignments used in this work are available at ftp://iole.swmed.edu/pub/SPEL/

Algorithms↗
PubMed2005

Photoselective vaporization of the prostate in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

BACKGROUND: The treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) remains a challenge for most urologic surgeons. We studied a cumulative cohort of patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who underwent photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) and evaluated the efficacy and safety of this procedure. METHODS: A total of 196 patients with lower urinary tract obstruction symptoms secondary to BPH were treated using laser vaporization of the prostate under sacral canal anesthesia at our institutions. The therapeutic results were assessed using following variables: the safety and efficacy of sacral anesthesia, blood loss, operative time, indwelling catheterization. Preoperative and perioperative parameters were evaluated in the international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life score (QoL), maximal urinary flow rate (Qmax), post-void residual urine volume (PVR) and the change of sexual function. Patients were also assessed for 3-month follow up. RESULTS: PVP was performed successfully for all patients. There were 195 patients under sacral anesthesia and 1 patient under epidural anesthesia. Mean operative time was (45.2 +/- 18.5) minutes. The mean IPSS decreased from (26.6 +/- 3.2) to (5.6 +/- 1.4) and the QoL score decreased from (5.7 +/- 0.4) to (1.6 +/- 0.5), respectively (P < 0.05), while mean Qmax increased from (6.7 +/- 2.5) ml/s preoperatively to (19.6 +/- 2.4) ml/s, PVR decreased from 158.4 to 25.8 ml, respectively (P < 0.05). Average catheterization time was (1.8 +/- 0.9) days. There was no significant blood loss or fluid absorption during the period of PVP. Complications consisted of transient dysuria in 3 patients (1.5%), delayed gross hematuria in 5 patients (2.5%), respectively. Significant improvement in clinical outcomes were noted as early as 3 months after PVP treatment. CONCLUSIONS: PVP is considered as a high satisfaction rate by patient and a minimal postoperative complication. Hence, PVP is a novel, safe, effective and minimal invasive treatment for patients with symptomatic BPH.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Evaluation of HCPTd1,d14-double passaged intervening chemotherapy protocol for hepatocellular carcinoma.

AIM: To establish a kind of standardization of the clinical chemotherapeutic prototypes for unresectable hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). METHODS: 10-Hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) was applied through transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) to HCC patients who were categorized into three groups: (1) test group: treatment with HCPT twice (HCPT d1 and 14) through TAE and portal venous embolization. (2) Control I: treatment with anticancer drugs without HCPT. (3) Control II: treatment with HCPT as a major component in anticancer drugs once (HCPT d1). A set of comparisons between test groups and control I and II groups were performed before and after the treatment to study the effectiveness of each treatment, in terms of tumor volumes, dynamic variations in serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), gamma-glutamyl transferase hepatoma-specific band (GGT-II), patient survival and adverse events. RESULTS: The general effectiveness rate of the test group reached 62.1% (72/116), remarkably higher than that of control I (32.1%, 40/124) and control II (54.7%, 47/56), (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively). Especially, the reduction rate or disappearance of the portal vein tumor emboli was as high as 88.4% (61/69) in the test group, in contrast with 13.9% (10/72) in control I and 35.9% (18/51) in control II (P<0.01 and P<0.01, respectively). After treatment, AFP decreased or turned to negative levels at 52.3% (34/65) in control I, 67.3% (35/52) in control II, and 96.8% (60/62) in the test group. Also GGT-II declined or became negative at 37.8% (28/74) in control I, 69.5% (57/82) in control II, and 94.7% (89/94) in test group (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION: We have designed a good protocol (test group) to treat HCC with excellent advantages of high efficiency, low cost, low toxicity and low adverse events and easy application. It could be recommended as one of the standardizations for HCC treatment in clinical practice.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Interferon-alpha-induced modulation of glucocorticoid and serotonin receptors as a mechanism of depression.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The mechanism of interferon (IFN)-alpha-induced depression remains poorly understood. Recently, modulation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and serotonin receptor 1A (5-HTR1A) were implicated in mechanism(s) leading to depression. To gain insight into this mechanism, we assessed the effect of IFN-alpha on the modulation of GR and 5-HTR1A expression. METHODS: Hepatoblastoma, myelocyte-derived and T cell leukemia-derived cell lines were treated with titrated doses of IFN-alpha for different incubation times and analyzed by Western blot, RT-PCR, and microarrays. Dose- and time-dependent decreases of proteins and mRNA levels of GR and 5-HTR1A were observed. RESULTS: The expression of GR and 5-HTR1A in cells treated for 6 days decreased by 74 and 72%, respectively. Recovery was observed following IFN-alpha withdrawal. Co-incubation with tricyclic antidepressants (desipramine) or serotonin reuptake inhibitors (fluoxetine) attenuated the effect of IFN-alpha on GR or 5-HTR1A. GR and 5-HTR1A were unaffected by treatment with either IFN-gamma or tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA). However, the effect of IFN-alpha on GR was abolished when used in combination with TUDCA. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, IFN-alpha downregulated GR and 5-HTR1A levels in cell lines. These levels of GR and 5-HTR1A, following IFN-alpha-induced downregulation, recovered after withdrawal of IFN-alpha or addition of desipramine or fluoxetine. These data provide insights regarding pathogenesis of IFN-alpha-induced depression.

Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation↗
PubMed2005

[Clinical study of CT virtual endoscopy in staging diagnosis of bladder tumors].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate CT virtual endoscopy (CTVE) based on spiral CT in the staging diagnosis of bladder neoplasms and its clinical application. METHODS: Forty patients with bladder neoplasms and 10 normal patients underwent volume scanning using spiral CT. All images with thin collimation and overlapping reconstruction were transferred to computer workstation to obtain the images of CTVE. The results of all CTVE findings were compared with those of conventional CT, cystoscopy, operation and pathological data. RESULTS: CTVE showed the normal anatomical structure of bladder as actual cystoscopy. The size, configuration, location and extension of bladder neoplasms was detected by CTVE scans agreed with that of actual cystoscopy. CTVE revealed the structure of trigone of urinary bladder that were not available in actual cystoscopy, and they were confirmed operatively and compared with the pathological results according to the TNM classification of malignant neoplasms. The sensitivity of CTVE for bladder tumors and accuracy in preoperative neoplasms staging was 98% (39/40) and 85% (33/39), respectively. The sensitivity of mass detection of diameter > or = 0.5 cm was 100%. The results were studied in a blind way. CONCLUSIONS: CTVE is a noninvasive, safe and reliable procedure in the staging diagnosis of bladder neoplasms. CTVE can well show bladder neck anatomy and serve as an important complementary method to conventional cystoscopy. The limitation of CTVE is that it can not observe change of mucosal appearances and perform biopsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Adaptive importance sampling Monte Carlo simulation of rare transition events.

We develop a general theoretical framework for the recently proposed importance sampling method for enhancing the efficiency of rare-event simulations [W. Cai, M. H. Kalos, M. de Koning, and V. V. Bulatov, Phys. Rev. E 66, 046703 (2002)], and discuss practical aspects of its application. We define the success/fail ensemble of all possible successful and failed transition paths of any duration and demonstrate that in this formulation the rare-event problem can be interpreted as a "hit-or-miss" Monte Carlo quadrature calculation of a path integral. The fact that the integrand contributes significantly only for a very tiny fraction of all possible paths then naturally leads to a "standard" importance sampling approach to Monte Carlo (MC) quadrature and the existence of an optimal importance function. In addition to showing that the approach is general and expected to be applicable beyond the realm of Markovian path simulations, for which the method was originally proposed, the formulation reveals a conceptual analogy with the variational MC (VMC) method. The search for the optimal importance function in the former is analogous to finding the ground-state wave function in the latter. In two model problems we discuss practical aspects of finding a suitable approximation for the optimal importance function. For this purpose we follow the strategy that is typically adopted in VMC calculations: the selection of a trial functional form for the optimal importance function, followed by the optimization of its adjustable parameters. The latter is accomplished by means of an adaptive optimization procedure based on a combination of steepest-descent and genetic algorithms.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Discontinuous spectral element method modeling of optical coupling by whispering gallery modes between microcylinders.

We introduce a high-order time-domain discontinuous spectral element method for the study of the optical coupling by evanescent whispering gallery modes between two microcylinders, the building blocks of coupled resonator optical waveguide devices. By using the discontinuous spectral element method with a Dubiner orthogonal polynomial basis on triangles and a Legendre nodal orthogonal basis on quadrilaterals, we conduct a systematic study of the optical coupling by whispering gallery modes between two microcylinders and demonstrate the successful coupling between the microcylinders and also the dependence of such a coupling on the separation and the size variation of the microcylinders.

Journal Article↗