Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to W Zhang.
Comparative studies have been made on the medicinal efficacy of core and cortex moutan. The result shows: no marked difference between the cortex and core in reducing inflammation, promoting thrombocyte coagulation, inhibiting convulsion, depressing blood pressure and strengthening antiseptic activity. The toxicity of the core is 38.5 percent of the cortex. This study provides ascientific evidence that the core can be used as medicine.
OBJECTIVE: To study the association of human leucocyte antigen and osteosarcoma in Chinese Han nationality. METHODS: The frequencies of HLA-A,B,DR,DQ locus antigens were tested in a group of 25 osteosarcoma patients and in a control group of 250 healthy persons by using complement-dependent microlymphocytoxity technique. The members of both groups were of Chinese Han nationality. Their results were compared statistically. RESULTS: The frequency of HLA-B35 was 0.400 in patient group and 0.048 in the control group. The relative risk of suffering from osteosarcoma in persons carrying HLA-B35 was 13.220 times as high as that in those without this antigen (P < 0.01). Patients with HLA-B13 had 12.048 fold increase in relative risk with poor prognosis compared to those without this antigen (P < 0.05). A tendency of worst prognosis was seen in patients who carried both HLA-B13 and HLA-B35, but patients with HLA-B40 had 7.057 times better relative safety for good prognosis than those without that antigen (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: HLA-B35 is in close linkage to osteosarcoma susceptible gene in Chinese Han nationality. HLA-B13 and HLA-B40 may be separately related to the malignant and resistant genes of osteosarcoma.
Nine compounds were isolated from the fruits of Hemsleya graciliflora. IIThey were identified as- 25-acetate of dihydrocucurbitacin F(I), dihydrocucurbitacin F(II), cucurbitacin F-25-acetate(III), sitostery1-3-O-beta-D-glucoside-6'-O-palmitate(IV), daucosterol(V), beta-sitosterol(VI), palmitic acid(VII), octodecyl acohol(VIII) and hexadecanol(IX) on the basis of physical and chemical properties as well as spectral data. The compound(IV) is isolated from genus Hemsleya for the first time.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the registration parameters in the dental radiographs for digital subtraction, to find out the significance of them and try to improve the quality control of the registration of the dental radiograph for the digital subtraction. METHOD: Sixteen projections of molar and premolar of mandible of minipigs were investigated for stability of the registration system of the dental radiographs. The rotation and the movements of the bite plans were measured with different height of edge of the bite plan. The 128 radiographs with varying parameters of the projection were digital subtracted. The noise of the subtraction photograph was compared for analyses of the relationship between subtraction noise and the projection parameters. RESULTS: The depth of the bite plan and the strength of the connect bar between the X-ray tube and the bite plans are the most significant parameters for the stability of the registration system. The thicker bar the better of the registration was. When the strength of the connected bar is increased, the depth of the bite plan is permitted not too strict. There is not significant effect for digital subtraction with other parameters in this investigation. CONCLUSION: For the best stability of the registration of dental radiographs, the connected bar with 8 mm in diameter is strong enough and the depth of the bite plan between 2.5-4 mm are adequate.
A study of therapeutic efficacy was carried out in 118 patients with oral mucositis (recurrent oral aphthous ulceration, erosive lichen planus, herptic stomatitis and infectious oral mucosal hematoma) at random. As a topical medication, Koukangning gargle was applied to 59 patients of the experimental group, 29 patients of the control group 1 applied Dobell's solution to rinse their mouths, and 30 patients of the control group 2 applied Koutai solution. A satisfactory result was observed in the experimental group, its effectiveness and effective rates rose more than those of control group 1 at both treatments for 3 days and 6 days. Between the two groups, there were markedly significant difference (P < 0.005, P < 0.01, P < 0.005, P < 0.005). Koukangning gargle was nontoxic and no side-effects in the clinical tests. Its efficacy was no significant difference compared with the control group 2. Experimental study demonstrates that it possesses anti-inflamation effect and excellent antibiotic effect, therefore it is a new gargle for rinse mouth combined traditional Chinese medicine with Western medicine.
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Da-Li is a traditional medicine of Tibetan, its original plant is Rhododendron primulaeflorum Bur. et Franch and R. anthopogonoides Maxim. This paper reports the identification of Flos et Folium Rhododendri Primulaeflori on its macroscopic character, microscopical charactersitic and TLC. The comparison between the Flos et Folium Rhododendri Primulaeflori and Flos et Folium Rhododendri anthopogonoidi is also reported.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prognosis of lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma. METHODS: The prognosis of 41 cases of lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma in long-term follow-up were analyzed. RESULTS: The median survival was 39.4 months. The survival durations were significantly shorter in patients in clinical stage III , IV (P < 0.01), with B-symptoms (P < 0.05), and with bone marrow and extranodal involvements (P < 0.01). The tumor-free survival in patients received comprehensive treatment was longer than in those received chemotherapy alone (P < 0.05), but the overall survival durations between the two groups had no difference. CONCLUSION: No therapeutic benefit was obtained from actively overtreatment for lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma.
A new calixcrown polysiloxane gas stationary phase (M-C[4]C-5PSO) in which calixcrown monomers lie in the main chain of polysiloxane was first synthesized. The calixcrown polysiloxane exhibits high thermostability and good separation abilities for nitro, chloro- and methyl substituted benzene or phenol isomers. The application of M-C[4]C-5PSO and the separation mechanism will be further studied.
A new type of SnO2/SnCl2 semiconductor as detector in gas chromatography has been developed. The sensing crystalloid with SnO2 as main block has an outstanding sensitivity to the reducing gases in a certain oxidative circumstance. The reducing gases can be reversibly adsorbed on the surface of crystal and make the resistance of the sensing element changed. Therefore, this type of sensing element may be used as detector in GC. We studied and prepared such sensing element with SnCl2 as catalyst to improve the sensitivity. An optimum procedurefor preparation has been received. We also discussed the possibilily as the gas-sensing element to replace the flame ionization detector in GC. The results showed that at the condition of 300 degrees C, the sensitivity, stability, detectability and linear range were satisfactory. This new type of detector can meet the needs of practical sample analysis.
Based on a mass balance equation, in this paper, the kinetic model of chromatography including influence of the radial diffusion on the mass transfer process is set up. Based on the hypothesis of Giddings, this model has been simplified. In this way, the expressions of the first moment, the second and the third central moment for this model are derived by Laplace transform in detail. The results show the radial diffusion affects not only the column efficiency, the peak spreading and the peak symmetry, but also the retention time.
A pilot study of electrochemical treatment (ECT) as a therapy for 386 patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer was undertaken. There were 103 stage II cases, 89 stage IIIa cases, 122 stage IIIb cases, and 72 stage IV cases. Two ECT methods were used: For peripherally located lung cancer, platinum electrodes were inserted transcutaneously into the tumor under x-ray or CT guidance. For central type lung cancer or for those inoperable during thoracotomy, electrodes were inserted intraoperatively directly into the cancer. Voltage was 6-8 V, current was 40-100 mA, and electric charge was 100 coulombs per cm of tumor diameter. The number of electrodes was determined from the size of cancer mass, because the diameter of effective area around each electrode is approximately 3 cm. The short-term (6 months after ECT) results of the 386 lung cancer cases were: complete response (CR), 25.6% (99/386); partial response (PR), 46.4% (179/386); no change (NC), 15.3% (59/386); and progressive disease (PD), 12.7% (49/386). The total effective rate (CR + PR) was 72% (278/386). The 1, 3, and 5 year overall survival rates were 86.3% (333/386), 58.8% (227/386), and 29.5% (114/386), respectively. The main complication was traumatic pneumothorax, with an incidence rate of 14.8% (57/386). These clinical results show that ECT is simple, safe, effective, and minimally traumatic. ECT provides an alternative method for treating lung cancers that are conventionally inoperable, that are not responsive to chemotherapy or radiotherapy, or that cannot be resected after thoracotomy. Long-term survival rates suggest that ECT warrants further investigation.
We report on 17 cases of late pericardial tamponade (LPT, > 60 hours postoperatively) occurring post aortic and/or mitral valve replacement or coronary artery bypass graft surgery between 1979 and 1994. This includes one patient in whom LPT occurred twice. These cases were found from a search of 374 patients including those who were diagnosed with hemorrhagic complications secondary to open heart surgery, pericardial effusion and tamponade, those who underwent pericardiocentesis and a randomly picked group of patients. The mean age of the group was 57.8 years and included 11 males and 6 females. Due to the relatively small size of our sample (reflecting the infrequency of this complication) we force matched this tamponade group to look for any relationships that may exist between the incidence of LPT and anticoagulant therapy. No significant difference was found between the two groups with documented preoperative anticoagulant therapy (number of days; p > 0.2) or in relation to coagulation tests (prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time and platelet counts; p > 0.2). In our case series, anticoagulant therapy did not appear to significantly affect the incidence of LPT.
Delavirdine mesylate (U-90152T) is a highly specific nonnucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor currently under development for the treatment of AIDS. The excretion, disposition, brain penetration, and metabolism of delavirdine were investigated in CD-1 mice after oral administration of [14C]delavirdine mesylate at single doses of 10 and/or 250 mg/kg and multiple doses of 200 mg/kg/day. Studies were conducted with 14C-carboxamide and 2-14C-pyridine labels, as well as 13C3-labeled drug to facilitate metabolite identification. Excretion was dose dependent with 57-70% of the radioactivity eliminated in feces and 25-36% in urine. Pharmacokinetic analyses of delavirdine and its N-desisopropyl metabolite (desalkyl delavirdine) in plasma showed that delavirdine was absorbed and metabolized rapidly, that it constituted a minor component in circulation, that its pharmacokinetics were nonlinear, and that its metabolism to desalkyl delavirdine was capacity limited or inhibitable. Delavirdine did not significantly cross the blood-brain barrier; however, its N-isopropylpyridinepiperazine metabolite arising from amide bond cleavage-was present in brain at levels 2- to 3-fold higher than in plasma. The metabolism of delavirdine in the mouse was extensive and involved amide bond cleavage, N-desalkylation, hydroxylation at the C-6' position of the pyridine ring, and pyridine ring-cleavage as determined by MS and/or 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopies. N-desalkylation and amide bond cleavage were the primary metabolic pathways at low drug doses and, as the biotransformation of delavirdine to desalkyl delavirdine reached saturation or inhibition, amide bond cleavage became the predominant pathway at higher doses and after multiple doses.
Hemodynamic factors have profound influences on blood vessels. To test the hypothesis that hemodynamic conditions modify the pattern of remodeling in response to injury, monocrotaline (MCT) injury in Sprague-Dawley rats was followed 1 week later by left pneumonectomy to increase blood flow to the right lung. Right pulmonary artery remodeling in these MCT plus pneumonectomy animals was compared with animals receiving MCT or pneumonectomy alone. Neointimal changes developed in more than 90% of all right lung intra-acinar vessels 5 weeks after MCT injury (4 weeks after pneumonectomy). Neointimal lesions did not develop in untreated animals or in animals receiving MCT or pneumonectomy only. Animals with a neointimal pattern of remodeling developed severe right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) whereas animals with a medial hypertrophy pattern of remodeling (MCT only) developed moderate RVH compared with control animals. Neointimal lesions and RVH were similar whether injury preceded pneumonectomy or vice versa. To exclude the possibility that neointimal lesions resulted from injury plus post-pneumonectomy compensatory lung growth, rather than injury plus increased flow, a left subclavian-pulmonary artery anastomosis was substituted for pneumonectomy. Neointimal lesions and severe RVH developed in these animals but were not seen in animals receiving either MCT or anastomosis only. These studies demonstrate an important role for hemodynamics in determining the pattern of pulmonary vascular remodeling after injury.
Entry of the type 1 human immunodeficiency virus into most cells requires the presence of the CD4 protein in combination with one of several recently described co-receptors. CXCR-4 (fusin) was the first identified, and it serves as co-receptor for T-cell-line tropic (T-tropic) HIV-1 isolates. To determine the expression of CXCR-4 in the brain, a major target of HIV pathology, we used immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction with CXCR-4-specific antibodies and probes. We found that CXCR-4 was expressed in several cell types in brain, but notably in neurons and microglia, a finding that was replicated in tissue culture. The study of the expression of CXCR-4 in the brain, which may be one of many chemokine receptors in the central nervous system, may provide further insight into the interactions between brain cells, pathogens, and the immune system, and help understand the pathogenesis of HIV dementia.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate toxoplasmosis (TOX) infection in pregnant women. METHODS: The blood samples from 1,250 pregnant women were tested by indirect hemaglutination (IHA) for TOX. 1,327 normal cases were included in control group. RESULTS: The infection rate of TOX was 7.28% and 8.14% in the study and control group respectivity. There was no significant difference between the study group and control group (P > 0.05). There was no marked relationship between various age groups. (P > 0.05). No significant difference was noted in three gestational periods. Most pregnant women with of TOX infection were active and recent. CONCLUSION: Pregnancy did not increase the chance of TOX infection.