Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

W Zeller

Publications and source records attributed to W Zeller.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Refinement of blood sampling from the sublingual vein of rats.

A refined method of repeated blood sampling is described: the tongue of the anaesthetized rat is pulled forward with the fingers and the sublingual vein is punctured with a 23 gauge hypodermic needle. Based on the requirement of a pharmacokinetic study, 0.5 or 1 ml of blood was collected 7 times at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 h. The degree of suffering was judged by determining the body weight and food and water consumption. All animals showed an increase in body weight already after 24 h and, therefore, the method of collecting blood from the sublingual vein can be recommended for repeated blood sampling. The haematological evaluation of groups of animals with differing body weight showed that sample volumes of up to 15% of the total blood volume lead to haematocrit values of approximately 40%. A remarkable initial drop in white blood cell counts followed by a marked rise 2 h after first sampling to values partly above the pre-test could not be directly related to the extracted blood volume.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1998

[Significance of social medicine in the medical contract office].

In the German statutory social security system, the necessity of long-term care for chronically ill persons with multi-morbidity and reduced performance has made the socio-medical management of illness and its consequences an important characteristic of primary medical activity. In routine practice a discrepancy between the practical demands and social-medical insights has often been observed. With this in mind, the aim of our pilot study was to systematically collect data on the state of the art and attitudes towards the relevant spheres of work in a defined group of physicians and analyse this data. The study was carried out in the form of a voluntary questionnaire within the medical association (Arztlicher Kreisverband-AKV) in the area of Erlangen-Hochstadt. The database was a computer-processible, anonymous questionnaire with which first of all general socio-demographic and activity-related data was collected. The following 10 questions included, in addition to an estimation of the participants' own socio-medical knowledge, questions on the general status of socio-medical knowledge and how the individual gained this knowledge and the importance of socio-medical themes in routine practice. The data was evaluated using descriptive statistics in the form of exploratory data analysis. Of the 320 physicians registered at the time of the investigation (4/96), 89 (31 female doctors, 58 male doctors) sent back a questionnaire that proved useful (returns: approx. 28%). Significant sex-related or specialisation-related differences with regard to participation in the study were not observed. The ratio of female to male doctors and of general practitioners to specialists in the study collective corresponded more or less to the distribution in the total group. The participants had a median age of 41 years (minimum 31, maximum 71) and had been in practice for a median of 11 years (maximum 43 years, minimum 1 year). 36% were general practitioners, 64% specialists. 97% regarded sound knowledge in socio-medicine as essential for doctors wishing to set up practice. 70% regarded their own knowledge of socio-medicine as being in need of improvement. 85% regarded their knowledge as having been insufficient at the start of their medical careers. With regard to doctors gaining socio-medical competence, routine practice and their own autodidactic capabilities played an important role. 84% would like to see increased teaching of socio-medical themes during specialist training courses. For over 70% socio-medicine is a part of medical studies as a subject in its own right. The content and aims of New Public Health were known to 45%. Among the areas of socio-medical work the care of chronically ill persons was given highest priority. Preventive measures were also accorded high relevance by the participants, and they were particularly interested in preventive medicine. Taking into consideration conceptional problems (e.g. the size of the random sample/selection effects) it was found that: despite many years of practice in some cases, doctors feel there is a deficit in their socio-medical knowledge--prcctical knowledge is mainly gained autodidactically during routine practice ("learning by doing"). There is a clear wish for increased consideration of socio-medical themes in specialist training courses. The great importance of socio-medical tasks as part of medical practice is undeniable to the study collective. The results underline the necessity for improved communication and co-operation between doctors involved in primary medical activity and in socio-medicine.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Chromosomal abnormality inv(3)(q21q26) associated with multilineage hematopoietic progenitor cells in hematopoietic malignancies.

We have identified ten patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and one patient with chronic myeloid leukemia with megakaryocytic crisis who displayed an inv(3)(q21q26). Seven of them had an additional monosomy 7. Most of them had a myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) preceding AML, normal or increased platelet counts, increased number of megakaryocyte, megakaryocytic dysplasia, and erythroid dysplasia. There was a high incidence of resistance to induction chemotherapy, short remission time, and early relapse. Seven patients were immunologically analyzed. The main immunophenotypes were as follow: CD7+, CD34+, HLA-DR+, CD38+, CD13+, CD33+, CDw65+, CD2-, CD3-, CD4-, CD8-, CD19+, CD20-, CD11b-. Our results suggest that the leukemia with inv(3)(q21q26) represents a new cytogenetic-clinicopathologic subtype, characterized by 1) abnormal megakaryopoiesis and multiple hematopoietic lineage involvement; 2) an antecedent MDS; 3) poor response to conventional chemotherapy; and 4) expression of CD7, CD34, CD38, HLA-DR, CD13, and CD33 antigens. We propose that the malignant transformation in patients with inv(3)(q21q26) occurs in an early stem cell prior to lineage commitment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

Factors influencing haematological recovery after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in leukaemia patients treated with methotrexate-containing GVHD prophylaxis. A single-centre experience.

In the present single institution study of 66 leukaemia patients (28 AML, 23 ALL, 15 CML), the factors influencing haematological recovery after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (alloBMT) were analysed retrospectively to identify the optimal conditions required for rapid haematological recovery after alloBMT. All patients received GVHD prophylaxis with cyclosporine A plus methotrexate. The mean number of days required to achieve a neutrophil count > or = 0.5 x 10(9)/l after alloBMT was 17 (range 9-27), 19 patients (28.8%) had rapid neutrophil recovery within 15 days after alloBMT. Haematological recovery was more rapid in the 38 patients without GVHD or with only grade I GVHD. Also, 50% and 40% of patients receiving 10 (n = 18) or 5 (n = 20) micrograms/kg G-CSF per day, respectively, had rapid neutrophil recovery within 15 days after alloBMT, as against only 7.1% of patients not receiving G-CSF after the transplant (n = 28); P < 0.001. The neutrophil recovery was similar in patients receiving either fresh or cryopreserved allografts and either a TBI-containing or a busulfan-containing conditioning regimen. A significant correlation was found between the neutrophil recovery and either the MNCs or CFU-GM contents of the allografts. The mean number of days required for neutrophil recovery was only 16 (range 9-24) in patients receiving allografts containing > 1 x 10(5) CFU-GM/kg (n = 28), as against 19 (range 13-27) in patients receiving allografts containing < or = 1 x 10(5) CFU-GM/kg (n = 35). Three patients receiving allografts containing < 0.5 x 10(5) CFU-GM/kg had primary neutrophil engraftment failure. The mean number of days required to achieve a platelet count > or = 20 x 10(9)/l was 21 (range 11-50), and 30 patients (46.9%) had platelet recovery within 20 days after alloBMT. The platelet recovery after alloBMT was not affected by the type of leukaemia, conditioning regimen, or G-CSF administration. The mean number of days required for platelet recovery after alloBMT was 20 in patients receiving allografts containing > 1.0 x 10(5) BFU-E/kg (n = 35), as against 23 days in patients receiving allografts containing < or = 1.0 x 10(5) BFU-E/kg (n = 24). Seven patients receiving allografts containing < 0.5 x 10(5) BFU-E/kg had primary platelet engraftment failure. The present study has identified the high number of progenitor cells in the allografts infused and the daily administration of G-CSF posttransplant as the optimal combination for rapid neutrophil recovery after alloBMT. More significantly, the number of BFU-E in allografts was the most significant determining factor in platelet recovery after alloBMT. The development of GVHD of grade II or more during the first weeks after alloBMT was associated with slower haematological recovery, a longer period of fever during neutropenia and longer hospitalization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

LDL receptor activity in human leukocyte subtypes: regulation by insulin.

OBJECTIVES: LDL receptors of leukocytes play a key role in lipoprotein uptake, immunoregulation and the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Numerous studies with different methods of low reliability yielded conflicting results of its regulation in leukocyte subtypes. DESIGN AND METHODS: LDL receptors of human leukocytes were measured with use of the monoclonal antibody C-7. Specific C-7 binding was detected by FACS analysis using phycoerythrin-anti-mouse-IgG. Parallel incubations with FITC-labelled anti-LEU 4 (CD 3), anti-LEU 12 (CD 19) and anti-MY 4 (CD 14) antibodies were used to distinguish C-7 binding of specific cell types (T-, B-lymphocytes and monocytes). RESULTS: In contrast to monocytes, T and B-lymphocytes freshly isolated from healthy blood donors had no detectable binding capacity for C-7. After 24 and 48 h incubation of cells in a lipid-free medium, lymphocytes acquired some C-7 binding, albeit still much less than monocytes. Incubation with insulin for 24 h in a concentration of 0.5 microgram/mL led to an increase in C-7 binding for monocytes (up to 180%). Saturation experiments with the ligand suggests an increase in the number of receptors. In contrast the same insulin concentration inhibited C-7 binding of B- and T-lymphocytes by 35%. CONCLUSIONS: FACS analysis using monoclonal antibodies seems to be a feasible method for the investigation of lipid metabolism in leukocytes. The LDL receptor expression and its regulation by insulin differs in circulating monocytes and lymphocytes.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1997

Phenotype of lymphocyte subsets after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.

The expression of CD45RA+ and CD45RO+ isoforms on T cells and the recovery of B lymphocytes and NK cells after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) were studied during the early period following transplantation. The same panel of monoclonal antibodies was used to analyze the lymphocyte subsets after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT) and in cord blood. The CD4+ subsets regenerated differently from the CD8+ isoforms and the CD4+CD45RA+ subsets appears to be the only thymus-dependent regenerating population post-transplantation. Since the CD8+ CD45RA+ and CD8+ CD45RO+ isoforms recovered to normal levels within a month after PBSCT and within 3 months after allo-BMT, there seems to be no thymic influence on the regeneration of the immature CD8+CD45RA+ subset. The regeneration of the CD4+ cells was markedly delayed, but was faster in the PBSCT recipients, mainly because of the faster recovery of the mature CD4+ CD45RO+ subset. The pattern of surface antigens on T lymphocytes after transplantation did not resemble the antigen pattern on cord blood cells. The CD19+ CD20+ cells recovered earlier in the PBSCT group and remained compromised after allo-BMT during the time studied. The faster B lymphocyte regeneration correlates with the faster reconstitution of the mature CD4+CD45RO+ cells. The pattern of antigens CD38+, HLA-DR+, CD10+ on B lymphocytes of the recovery phase resembled the pattern on B cells of cord blood lymphocytes. The NK cells were not deficient at any time post-transplant in both groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

The role of soluble growth factors in inducing transient growth and clonal extinction of stroma cell dependent erythroblastic leukemia cells.

A coculture system of a murine erythroblastic leukemia cell line (ELM-D) with its supportive stromal cell line (MS-5) was established. Long-term growth of ELM-D cells is strictly stroma cell dependent. Interaction between stem cell factor (SCF) and its receptor, c-kit, was demonstrated to be important for stroma cell-dependent growth by anti c-kit neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) inhibition experiments. Significantly, soluble growth factors such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-3 (IL-3) or SCF of MS-5 stromal cells (MS-5 CM) could replace the requirement of stroma cells for a considerable period. However, ELM-D cells maintained in these growth factors underwent clonal extinction after 3-6 weeks unless contact with stroma was re-established. Furthermore, IL-3 or GM-CSF acted in a dominant manner in inducing cell death in the presence of stroma cells. Cells showing clonal extinction undergo programmed cell death and do not differentiate. These altered growth properties of ELM-D cells exposed to soluble growth factors or to stroma cells appear to be analogous to those described for T or B cells primed by antigen presenting cells and then grown in growth factors.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Allogeneic transplantation with CD34+-selected cells.

We report the outcome of eight patients with different hematological malignancies who were transplanted with allogeneic CD34-selected mononuclear cells following myeloablative therapy. Four patients received G-CSF mobilized CD34-enriched peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) together with CD34-enriched bone marrow (BM), two patients were transplanted with allogeneic G-CSF mobilized CD34-enriched PBPC alone, and two patients received only allogeneic CD34-enriched BM cells. On average, patients received 2.66 x 10(6) CD34+-cells/kg BW (range: 0.53-8.40 x 10(6) CD34+-cells/kg body weight) and 0.57 x 10(6) CD3+-cells/kg BW (range: 0.20-1.10 x 10(6) CD3+-cells/kg BW), respectively. Seven of the eight patients engrafted (ANC > 0.5 x 10(9)/L median: day +19 (range: 16-23 days); platelets > 20 x 10(9)/L median: day +34 (range: 21-47 days); one patient died on day +16 after transplantation and was not evaluable for engraftment. Three of seven patients evaluable for acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) developed acute GvHD grade II which resolved upon steroid treatment. Five of the eight patients are still alive and in remission with a median follow-up of 215 days (range: 80-420 days). Causes of death included fungal infection, cerebral bleeding and sepsis. These preliminary data suggest that CD34-enriched cells can be successfully given during for allogenic transplantation following myeloablative therapy in hematological malignancies. The impact of T-cell depletion by enrichment for CD34+-cells in an attempt to reducing the incidence and/or severity of acute and/or chronic GvHD still remains to be determined.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

High dose chemotherapy with busulfan, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide as conditioning regimen for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for patients with acute myeloid leukemia in first complete remission.

We explored the combination of busulfan/cyclophosphamide/etoposide as conditioning regimen prior to bone marrow transplantation in 31 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission. The preparative regimen consisted of 16 mg/kg busulfan, 30-60 mg/kg VP-16, and 120 mg/kg cyclophosphamide. With a median follow-up of 30.5 months (range, 5-60 months), 25 patients are alive in continuous complete remission. Estimated disease-free survival at 5 years is 80.5%. Death was due to transplant-related toxicity (graft-versus-host disease and cytomegalovirus infection, graft-versus-host disease and pneumonia, sepsis and mucositis, respectively). None of the patients have relapsed. As demonstrated by the results of this analysis, the conditioning regimen busulfan/cyclophosphamide/etoposide is effective and well tolerated in patients with AML in first complete remission. Main nonhematological toxicities were mucositis and hepatotoxicity. The low mortality and relapse rate appears to justify allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for patients with AML in first complete remission who have an HLA-identical donor. Whether this regimen offers a substantial improvement in disease-free and overall survival over presently used regimens warrants further investigation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

ider(9)(q10)t(9;22)(q34;q11) is a recurrent chromosomal abnormality in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphatic blastic phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia.

We report on two cases, one with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and a second with lymphatic blastic phase of Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia, cytogenetically characterized by ider(9)(q10)t(9;22)(q34;q11). Our findings and the data of the 4 cases previously published indicate that ider(9)(q10)t(9;22)(q34;q11) represents a rare but recurrent chromosomal abnormality occurring in hematological malignancies with lymphoid differentiation, namely acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphatic blastic phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia, and most likely evolves from a preexistent der(9) involved in the standard t(9;22).

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Successful use of the same slide for consecutive fluorescence in situ hybridization experiments.

The feasibility of using the same slide repeatedly for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) experiments was systematically evaluated by applying standard procedures and various combinations of direct- and indirect-labeled probes to slides from patients with hematologic malignancies. Specific and distinct hybridization signals along with weak background signals and chromosome morphology of good to moderate quality could be obtained in up to three experiments performed consecutively on the same slide. Signals related to biotin- or digoxigenin-labeled probes applied in previous hybridizations were still visible with variable intensity, but interpretation problems that may result from this signal noise can be avoided by using adequate probes, detection systems and fluorochromes, and sequence of experiments.

Biotin↗
PubMed1996

Comparison between bone marrow and G-CSF-mobilized peripheral blood allografts undergoing clinical scale CD34+ cell selection.

Allogeneic transplantation of selected CD34+ cells, rather than conventional transplantation of bone marrow (BM) harvest or peripheral blood (PB) leukapheresis products, has the advantage of reducing volume, facilitating storage and decreasing the amount of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and cell lysis products, as well as reducing the number of T-lymphocytes responsible for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Using biotinavidin immunoaffinity columns (Ceprate SC system, CellPro; Bothell, WA), CD34+ cells were selected from each of 20 allografts (12 G-CSF-mobilized PB and 8 BM) collected from 14 HLA-identical normal healthy donors for transplantation. After the clinical-scale selection, the median concentration of CD34+ cells was 44.6% (range, 13% to 91%) in BM and 50.4% (range, 15% to 77%) in PB. Whereas 75% of the PB allografts had a CD34+ cell yield of more than 65%, only 37.5% of the BM allografts achieved such a yield, p < 0.01. The number of T-lymphocytes in the selected CD34+ cell allografts was reduced by two to three logs from a median of 4.2 x 10(9) to 7.8 x 10(5) CD3+ cells. The enrichment in CD34+ cells was 240-fold (range, 24- to 382-fold) in PB versus only 34-fold (range, 14- to 108-fold) in BM. Also, the enrichment in clonogenic cells was significantly more in PB (median value of 38.6-fold) than in BM (median value of 19.2-fold) and more in allografts from younger (< 50 years old) rather than older (> or = 50 years old) adult donors. A correlation was found between the percentage of CD34 or CD3+ cells before and after selection (r = 0.58 or r = 0.60, respectively, p < 0.05). Selective enrichment of the colony forming units-granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) was found in all 20 allografts. The progenitor cell recovery after freezing and thawing was similar in BM and PB allografts, with a mean of about 60% for the CFU-GM and BFU-E. In the same six donors, the CD34+ cell yield was significantly more in the PB after mobilization (median 78.5%, range 50% to 90%) than in the BM before mobilization (median 41.5%, range 25% to 87%), p < 0.01. Ten patients with hematologic malignancies have been allotransplanted with 14 of the 20 selected CD34+ cells either combined BM + PB (n = 4) or single (n = 6) grafts. Seven patients did not develop acute GVHD, and only two patients developed > or = grade II GVHD, one of whom developed only grade II GVHD that resolved after brief treatment with corticosteriods. Only one patient showed chronic GVHD (skin and liver). The low incidence and severity of GVHD seen in the present study (only 30%) could be due to the two- to three-log reduction of T-lymphocytes in the selected CD34+ cell allotransplants. All 10 patients had stable hematological recovery, and seven had full donor hematopoiesis. In conclusion, G-CSF-mobilized PB leukapheresis products undergoing selection of CD34+ cells have a greater yield and enrichment of progenitor cells than BM harvests collected from HLA-identical normal healthy donors for allogeneic transplantation. The low incidence and severity of both acute and chronic GVHD (30%) seen in the present study are very encouraging.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Trisomy 3 in marginal zone B-cell lymphoma: a study based on cytogenetic analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Trisomy 3 represents the most frequent and consistent chromosomal abnormality characterizing the recently defined entity marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBCL). By cytogenetic analysis and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on interphase nuclei we found in increased copy number of chromosome 3 in 22/36 (61%) successfully analysed cases, including 8/12 cases with extranodal MZBCL, 8/13 cases with nodal MZBCL, and 6/11 patients with splenic MZBCL. Sensitivity of interphase cytogenetics was somewhat higher than that of conventional cytogenetic investigation. Structural chromosomal changes involving at least one chromosome 3 were seen in 11/20 cases with an increased copy number of chromosome 3: +de(3)(p13) was demonstrated in three cases, and was the sole chromosomal abnormality in one of them; +i(3)(q10) was seen in two other patients; and rearrangements involving various breakpoints on the long arm of chromosome 3 were found in the remaining cases. FISH on metaphase spreads confirmed these structural abnormalities and additionally showed two unexpected translocations involving chromosome 3. We conclude that: (1) trisomy 3 occurs in a high proportion of extranodal, nodal and splenic MZBCL; (2) FISH on interphase nuclei is an additional and sensitive tool in detecting an increased copy number of chromosome 3 in MZBCL; (3) additional structural abnormalities involving the long arm of chromosome 3 are frequent but non-recurrent and are perhaps secondary changes; and (4) abnormalities such as +del(3)(pl3) and +i(3)(q10) suggest that genes located on the long arm of chromosome 3 are of particular importance in the pathogenesis of MZBCL.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia associated with high serum IGE levels and pruriginous skin lesions: successful therapy with IFN-alpha 2b after failure on IFN-gamma.

BACKGROUND: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia of the B-cell type (B-CLL) associated with highly elevated serum IgE levels and skin involvement has rarely been observed. Furthermore, not much is known about therapeutic strategies in such diseases. OBJECTIVE: We describe a 56-year-old male patient with a 5-year history of chronic and relapsing pruritic skin lesions as well as recurrent Staphylococcus aureus infections of the skin. RESULTS: Histologically, a lymphocytic and eosinophilic skin infiltrate was seen. Laboratory analysis revealed lymphocytosis (46.5%), eosinophilia (11.9%) as well as markedly elevated serum IgE levels (140,000 IU/ml). Immunohistology showed dermal B cells with intracytoplasmic IgE. Bone marrow biopsy showed a diffuse infiltrate of small lymphoplasmacytic lymphocytes. Over 80% of blood and bone marrow lymphocytes were CD5 +, CD19 +, CD20 +, CD23 + and CD38 +. Based on these findings, the diagnosis of B-CLL was made. The strong pruritus was resistant to antihistamines and steroids. Therefore, a trial with interferon (IFN) gamma 50 micrograms s.c. daily was started in order to suppress elevated serum IgE but failed. After 1.5 million units s.c. of IFN-alpha 2b every second day for 2 weeks, pruritus and serum IgE levels diminished markedly (48,000 IU/ml). Skin lesions, pruritus as well as skin infection and serum IgE level improved under continuing IFN-alpha 2b therapy for 2 years. CONCLUSION: In cases with suspected hyper-IgE syndrome, hematological neoplasias have to be excluded. The results argue for a benefical effect of IFN-alpha 2b in suppressing IgE production and symptoms of pruritus in an early-stage B-CLL.

Flow Cytometry↗
PubMed1996

Increase of mobilized CD34-positive peripheral blood progenitor cells in patients with Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and cancer of the testis.

G-CSF (filgrastim) can effectively mobilize peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) when administered during steady-state hematopoiesis. In this single center study, we compared the effectiveness of two different doses of G-CSF on the mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells in patients with Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and cancer of the testis. A first group including 33 patients received 10 micrograms G-CSF/kg BW per day (group A), whereas a second group comprising 34 patients was treated with 24 (2 x 12) micrograms G-CSF/kg body weight (BW) per day (group B) prior to the leukapheresis. A significant difference (P = 0.015) in the total number of CD34+ cells between group A: 11.32 x 10(7) (range 0.34-110.2) and group B: 48.25 x 10(7) (range 1.33-447.4) has been observed in the first leukapheresis product. Moreover, the total number of CFU-GM increased significantly from 34.79 x 10(4) (range 1.07-300.9) to 147.69 x 10(4) (range 1.03- 1204.0) (P < 0.005), and the number of MNC increased from 1.35 x 10(10) (range 0.41-3.09) group A) to 2.93 x 10(10) (range 0.66-9.7) (group B) (P < 0.001). Comparable results were obtained in the second leukapheresis. Our data indicate, that the application of higher doses of G-CSF can significantly improve the effectiveness of mobilizing PBPC during steady-state conditions, and thereby considerably contribute to a safe and fast engraftment as well as a reduced number of leukapheresis procedures to achieve sufficient number of PBPC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Effect of thiopental, saffan, and propofol anesthesia on cardiovascular parameters and bronchial smooth muscle in the rhesus monkey.

The application of human pediatric equipment for measuring respiratory function in nonhuman primates is rapidly gaining popularity in the evaluation of anti-asthma drugs. An important difference between primate procedures and the human clinical situation is the requirement for anesthesia for some techniques because of poor animal compliance. We studied the actions of three potential maintenance anesthetic agents-thiopental, saffan, and propofol-and their effects on a range of cardiovascular parameters under conditions of a broncho-provocation test in rhesus monkeys. The spasmolytic effect of saffan on bronchial smooth muscle was investigated in smooth muscle preparations in vitro and in the rhesus monkey in vivo. Thiopental proved to be a useful sedating agent for this application. Saffan proved to be a bronchodilator in vitro, but the sedative dose was lower than that required to induce appreciable bronchodilator activity in vivo. In comparison, propofol was not appropriate for this application because of the poor sedative effect at nonbronchodilator doses.

Alfaxalone Alfadolone Mixture↗