Biomedical subjects

W Yu

Publications and source records attributed to W Yu.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources

PubMed1990

Frog virus 3-mediated translational shut-off: frog virus 3 messages are translationally more efficient than host and heterologous viral messages under conditions of increased translational stress.

Frog virus 3 rapidly and selectively blocks host cell translation while synthesizing more than 60 virus-specific polypeptides. Previous work indicated that virus infection led to activation of a kinase that phosphorylated and, as a consequence, inactivated eIF-2. Although phosphorylation of eIF-2 could explain the rapid decline in host cell translation, it could not explain how viral protein synthesis persisted in the face of host shut-off. To explain this phenomenon, we speculated that viral messages, either as a consequence of their higher translational efficiency or their greater abundance, were able to outcompete host messages for the remaining translational initiation complexes. To test this hypothesis, the relative translational efficiency of three characteristic FV3 messages was measured against that of several model messages. Translational efficiency was determined by monitoring the resistance (and hence the competitiveness) of a given transcript to increasing concentrations of salt in vitro and in vivo. In both rabbit reticulocyte lysates and wheat germ extracts, FV3 messages were more resistant to supra-optimal concentrations of potassium acetate than globin message and three BMV transcripts. In vivo, FV3 polypeptides were synthesized in the presence of salt concentrations that blocked host cell protein synthesis. These results suggest that the selective translation of FV3 messages in virus-infected cells may partly be due to the higher translational efficiency of viral messages. Structural features that contribute to translational efficiency are discussed.

Acetates↗

PubMed1990

Surgical implications of the posterior gastric artery.

The posterior gastric artery was identified during gastrectomy in 43 of 51 patients with distal gastric cancer. Two female patients had two posterior gastric arteries that originated separately from the splenic artery. Of these 45 arteries, 6 originated from the proximal third of the splenic artery, 35 from the mid third, and 4 from the distal third. These vessels coursed upward behind the posterior parietal peritoneum. The anterior and posterior walls of the remnant stomach were stained blue after injection of methylene blue solution into the splenic artery. The surgical importance of the posterior gastric artery is obvious because of its high frequency and deep origin and course. In addition, it is another source of blood supply to the stomach, and the lymphatics around this vessel form one of the primary routes draining the gastric fundus.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Rat liver preservation. II. Combining UW solution with Eurocollins solution or Ringer's lactate abrogates its protective effect.

The mechanisms by which cold preservation solutions exert their protective effects are only partially understood. The consequences of mixing different solutions, with presumably different modes of action, may be additive and beneficial or may be deleterious. It is commonplace in clinical liver preservation to use Ringer's lactate (RL), Eurocollins (EC), and University of Wisconsin (UW) solution in sequence for washout of blood, precooling, and cold storage of the organ. In this study, 114 Sprague Dawley rats received orthotopic liver transplants that were flushed in various sequences with RL, EC, and UW solutions. One-week animal survival served as the criterion of preservation success. The results demonstrated that liver preservation with UW solution alone is significantly superior (P less than 0.01) to any combination of RL, EC, and UW solutions and may explain some of the instances of primary nonfunction in clinical liver transplantation.

Adenosine↗

PubMed1990

[Analysis of 7843 outpatients with diarrhoea].

7843 outpatients with diarrhoea registered at clinical units of villages, townships and counties were analysed in August 20-30, 1988. Among those, 3129 (39.9%) cases were children under 5 years of age, and 18 (0.23%) with cholera, 2222 (28.33%) with dysentery, 122 (1.56%) with typhoid or paratyphoid fever and 5479 (69.88%) with other diarrhoea diagnosed by clinical symptoms. It was shown that the mediate or severe, mild and no dehydration was 5.37%, 26.97% and 66.66% respectively, and that the use rate of antibiotics, I.V. infusion, ORS and Chinese Herbs was 88.94%, 19.32%, 27.64% and 15.86% respectively. The conclusion elucidated that the high proportion of seeking medical services within 24 hours and few cases of mediate or severe dehydration were one of the reasons why there was low case-fatality of diarrhoea in China.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed1990

[Studies of the determination of selenium by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry].

Potassium ferricyanide has a masking effect of Cu2+, Ni2+ and other interferential ions in the determination of selenium by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. Interference was not observed in the determination of 5ng/ml of Se(IV) in the presence of 10micrograms/ml of Cu2+ under recommended conditions. The stability of analyte and potassium borohydride solutions in storage was also studied.

Selenium↗

PubMed1989