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Biomedical subjects

W Yang

Publications and source records attributed to W Yang.

606 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Kikuchi's disease (histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis): report of one case.

Kikuchi's disease (histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis) is a self-limited disease of unknown cause. The disease often presents with persistently intermittent fever and enlarged cervical lymph nodes. It usually occurs in adult group and is unresponsive to antibiotic therapy. The diagnosis can be confirmed by histopathological findings of lymph node in open biopsy. We report a pediatric case of Kikuchi's disease in an 8-year-8-month-old school-age boy with generalized lymphadenopathy. He was hospitalized under the impression of fever of unknown origin. A diagnosis of Kikuchi's disease was made by cervical lymph node histology. Reviewing the literature of Kikuchi's disease, we found very few reports in young pediatric group. We conclude that Kikuchi's disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of fever of unknown origin in children, even in the absence of cervical lymphadenopathy.

Adult↗
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Noonan syndrome associated with moyamoya disease: report of one case.

We report a patient with Noonan syndrome who had repeated transient ischemic attacks. Moyamoya was diagnosed from the image study. In addition, flunarizine therapy seems to be effective in the prevention of recurrent symptoms and signs. The association of Noonan syndrome and Moyamoya has been reported. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case report of an association of the Noonan syndrome and Moyamoya. Further study should ensue.

Child, Preschool↗
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Vitamin D deficiency rickets due to inappropriate feeding: report of one case.

Vitamin D deficiency rickets is rare among infants and children in the industrialized countries. In this paper, we report a 2-year-5-month-old girl with aching and bowed legs. A food allergy with atopic dermatitis was diagnosed since her early infancy. Strict dietary restrictions were done and she was mostly fed soybean juice and rice foods. Fortified soybean formula (Isomil) was introduced one month before admission. Vitamin D deficiency rickets was diagnosed by a history of inappropriate feeding, roentgenographic and laboratory findings. The therapeutic regimen included 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol 0.5 ug/day and calcium carbonate 100 mg/kg/day. Extensive nutritional counseling was also given for correction of aberrant dietary practices. After a one-year follow-up, there was radiological evidence of bone healing, and marked improvement of leg deformities.

Bone and Bones↗
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Pediatric eosinophilic gastroenteritis: report of one case.

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is an uncommon disease of unknown cause found particularly in children. It is characterized by the infiltration of eosinophils into the wall of the gastrointestinal tract, peripheral eosinophilia, and chronic relapsing gastrointestinal disorder. This report describes a patient with serosal eosinophilic gastroenteritis presenting ascites and peripheral eosinophilia. The diagnosis of the eosinophilic gastroenteritis was supported by sonographic analysis and dramatic clinical response to prednisolone therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Z/EG, a double reporter mouse line that expresses enhanced green fluorescent protein upon Cre-mediated excision.

The Cre/loxP system has become an important tool in designing postintegrational switch mechanisms for transgenes in mice. The power and spectrum of application of this system depends on transgenic mouse lines that provide Cre recombinase activity with a defined cell type-, tissue-, or developmental stage-specificity. We have developed a novel mouse line that acts as a Cre reporter. The mice, designated Z/EG (lacZ/EGFP), express lacZ throughout embryonic development and adult stages. Cre excision, however, removes the lacZ gene, which activates expression of the second reporter, enhanced green fluorescent protein. We have found that the double-reporter Z/EG line is able to indicate the occurrence of Cre excision from early embryonic to adult lineages. The advantage of the Z/EG line is that Cre-mediated excision can be monitored in live samples and that live cells with Cre-mediated excision can be isolated using a single-step FACS. It will be a valuable reagent for the increasing number of investigators taking advantage of the powerful tools provided by the Cre/loxP site-specific recombinase system.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
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In vivo evaluation of phosphorous-containing derivatives of dodecahydro-closo-dodecaborate for boron neutron capture therapy of gliomas and sarcomas.

The in vivo uptake of dodecahydro-closo-dodecaborate derivatives substituted with phosphate- and bisphosphonate groups was evaluated in two different experimental tumor model systems and compared to other boronated and non-boronated compounds. These phosphorous-containing boron clusters may have potential for use in boron neutron capture therapy, a chemoradiotherapeutic form of cancer treatment. Using the F98 rat glioma as a brain tumor model in syngeneic Fischer rats, there was selective tumor uptake of the phosphate derivative with 21.5 micrograms boron/g tumor versus 5.2 micrograms/g normal brain and a tumor:blood ratio of 2.7. However, this compound was toxic to test animals and lethal at relatively low doses. The uptake of the bisphosphonate by the murine K8 osteosarcoma was approximately 18 micrograms boron/g tumor with a T:Bl ratio of 7.6 and a tumor:bone ratio of 1.5. This compound was non toxic to the test animals. The results indicate that phosphate- and bisphosphonate derivatives of dodecahydro-closo-dodecaborate may have potential for BNCT of gliomas and osteosarcomas, respectively.

Animals↗
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Helicobacter pylori infection in recurrent abdominal pain in children--a prospective study.

A total of 40 children was recruited to assess the role of Helicobacter pylori infection in children with recurrent abdominal pain syndrome. Among 40 children, seven (17.5%) cases were confirmed to have H. pylori infection. All H. pylori-positive patients had active chronic gastritis histologic findings (p < 0.0001); however, the majority of the H. pylori-negative patients had minimal to mild gastritis histologic findings (p = 0.001). Grossly, chronic gastritis picture was present in all children infected with H. pylori and antral nodular gastropathy present in 43%. 71% of H. pylori-positive patients had elevated anti-H. pylori IgG titer; however, 15% in H. pylori-negative patients (p = 0.006). Serum H. pylori assay had a sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 85%; however, sensitivity and specificity of rapid urease test were 86% and 100% respectively. Antral nodularity is a specific, peculiar endoscopic finding of children infected with H. pylori (p = 0.004). Although the present study suggests that H. pylori-related chronic gastritis may play an etiological role in a subgroup of children with RAP syndrome, but the routine screening of H. pylori infection in children with RAP is not recommended, since no compelling data support the significant association between H. pylori infection and RAP syndrome.

Abdominal Pain↗
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Microbial models of mammalian metabolism. Biotransformations of N-methylcarbazole using the fungus Cunninghamella echinulata.

The fungal metabolism of N-methylcarbazole (NMC) was investigated during the development of microbial models of mammalian metabolism. NMC was metabolized by the fungus Cunninghamella echinulata (ATCC 9244) to generate four metabolites: carbazole, N-hydroxymethylcarbazole (NHMC), 3-hydroxycarbazole, and 3-hydroxy-NHMC. Carbazole and NHMC are two major metabolites previously identified in mammalian systems, while 3-hydroxycarbazole and 3-hydroxy-NHMC have not been previously reported as metabolites of NMC. Structural identification of the four metabolites was based upon spectral (UV, MS, and NMR) and chromatographic (TLC and HPLC) comparisons with synthetic standards. These studies demonstrate that C. echinulata catalyzes the two principal biotransformations observed in mammalian systems with NMC: aliphatic hydroxylation to yield the (relatively) stable carbinolamine NHMC (with slow decomposition to the N-dealkylated product, carbazole) and aromatic hydroxylation in the 3-position.

Animals↗
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Onset of action of loratadine and placebo and other efficacy variables in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis.

In a double-blind study, 185 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis were randomly assigned to receive 10 mg of loratadine or placebo once daily for three days. On day 1 of treatment, the onset of relief of symptoms within 30 minutes of drug administration was reported by 13% of the loratadine-treated patients and by 4% of the placebo patients (P less than 0.05). At two hours after drug administration, 65% of the loratadine-treated patients and 48% of the placebo patients reported symptom relief. On day 3, the loratadine-treated patients reported a significantly greater relief of symptoms, and according to both physician and patient evaluations, the treatment response was significantly superior in the loratadine-treated than in the placebo patients. The incidence of sedation was 2% in the loratadine group and 1% in the placebo group.

Adolescent↗
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Fine needle aspiration cytology of parapharyngeal meningioma.

A unique case of parapharyngeal meningioma identified on a tomographic scan and diagnosed preoperatively by fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is reported. The FNA smear showed the spindle-shaped cells in concentric whorls and scattered psammoma bodies that are characteristic of meningioma. The FNA diagnosis was subsequently confirmed on the excised specimen. The preoperative cytologic diagnosis was very helpful in planning the surgical removal of the tumor by a team of otolaryngologists and neurosurgeons.

Biopsy, Needle↗
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Group A streptococcal necrotizing fasciitis after varicella: report of two cases.

The most common complication in children with varicella is cutaneous superimposed infection with pyogenic bacteria. The association between varicella and group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS) necrotizing fasciitis has been recorded for over 50 years. Two cases with the specific problems are presented here together with a review of the literature. This infection is caused by GABHS superinfection of the skin lesions due to chickenpox. It can be unrecognized or late-diagnosed, with fatal consequences. Because of prompt recognition and aggressive surgical and medical treatment, the two patients survived without loss of the affected limb.

Chickenpox↗