Biomedical subjects

W Wu

Publications and source records attributed to W Wu.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

PubMed2000

[Bacterial resistance in streptococcus pneumoniae].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae in patients with respiratory tract infection and healthy children and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility in S. pneumoniae. METHODS: Sputum and throat swabs were collected from the adult and children patients. Nasopharyngeal specimens were collected from healthy children with aseptic swab and cultured for S. pneumoniae. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by agar dilution method. RESULTS: The isolation rates of S. pneumoniae were 10% in both children and adult out-patients, being 30.2% in 2-6 year-old healthy children. Among 82 clinical isolates, only one was low-level resistant to penicillin (MIC 0.125 mg/L). In 228 S. pneumoniae strains from healthy children, 32 were low-level resistant to penicillin (MIC 0.125-0.5 mg/L), the resistant rate being 14.0%. S. pneumoniae was usually resistant to erythromycin, clindamycin and SMZ-TMP. CONCLUSION: The penicillin-resistant strains are far more resistant to all the agents tested than susceptible strains except fluoroquinolones and vancomycin; in addition, several strains resistant to the third generation cephalosporins are found.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Yield increasing and water saving effect under different soil fertility improvements in wheat-corn intercropping field in Huabei Plain].

Water resource in agriculture in Huabei Plain has been increasingly reduced in recent years. In order to reduce water evaporation and improve water utilization efficiency, the field experiment on water saving under different soil fertility improvements was carried out in Huantai county, Shandong Province. The result showed that straw incorporation and organic fertilizer application could increase yield and save water clearly. Under the same amount of irrigation(250 mm), the field with all corn and wheat straw incorporation had a higher yield of 885 kg.hm-2 than the field without straw incorporation, and a higher water efficiency of 3.13. The field with all corn and wheat straw incorporation and organic fertilizer application had a higher yield of 1875 kg.hm-2 than the comparing field, with a higher water efficiency of 3.60. The field with wheat straw incorporation had a higher yield of 675 kg.hm-2 than the comparing field, with a higher water efficiency of 3.24. The field with wheat straw incorporation and organic fertilizer application had a higher yield of 1200 kg.hm-2 than the comparing field, with a higher water efficiency of 3.28.

Crops, Agricultural↗

PubMed2000

[Purification of hsp70 and its immunoprotective effect against mouse hepatoma].

OBJECTIVE: To purify hsp70 protein and observe its anti-tumor effect on mouse H22 hepatoma. METHODS: Cytosolic hsp70 protein of heat treated H22 cells was purified successively by chromatographic procedures, including DEAE 52-cellulose, ConA-sepharose 4B and ADP-argarose chromatography. The molecular weight and the identity of the purified hsp70 protein were confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Tumorigenicity of H22 hepatoma was examined in purified hsp70-treated C3H mice. RESULTS: A sharp stained protein band with a molecular weight of about 70 kD was obtained and shown to be hsp70 as confirmed by Western blot. In C3H mice challenged with H22 hepatoma, tumor developed in 6 of 6 mice while in hsp70 pretreated mice, none of the 6 H22 challenged mice developed tumor. Nevertheless, C57BL/6 mice pretreated with hsp70 or RPMI 1640 all developed tumor upon challenge with EL-4 lymphoma. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the immunoprotective effect of hsp70 protein is due not to hsp70 per se, but rather to the specific antigenic peptides it carries.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

[Gene therapy with tumor suppressor gene p53 and(or) p16 on the nude mice models of NSCLC in vivo].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of tumor suppressor gene p53 and(or) p16 treatment on the nude mice models of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: Nude mice were injected subcutaneously with NSCLC cell line A549. 25 nude mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (control, SA, p53 gene, p16 gene, p53 + p16 genes), p53 and(or) p16 genes mediated by stearylamine/DOPE (SA liposome) were injected intratumorally alone or jointly. The size of tumor and survival period of nude mice were measured after treatment. RESULTS: p53 and(or) p16 genes can obviously inhibit the growth of tumor. The difference was significant between control and treated groups, among which the combined p53 and p16 genes enhance the inhibiting effect more markedly. The survival period of tumor-bearing nude mice was prolonged after transfecting p53 gene or p16 gene alone, p53 and p16 genes jointly can prolong the survival period significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Tumor suppressor gene p53 and(or) p16 in the replacement therapy of NSCLC are of potential clinical significance. The combination of p53 and p16 gene may have a greater antitumoral effect in vivo.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

[A preliminary report of cleft palate repair by rotation and advancement of full thickness soft palate].

OBJECTIVE: To introduce a new method of functional cleft palate repair. METHODS: Square flap A and triangular flaps B, C, D were designed on the each sides of defect at soft palate. They were advanced and rotated, each flap was inserted to the opposite side and then sutured. The lavator veli (LV) muscle was detached and sutured to reconstruct the steady LV muscle sling. RESULTS: This method was applied in 37 cases with satisfactory results of extending the soft palate, forming the dynamic soft palate muscular sling, and achieving velopharyngeal closure (VPC) 31 cases were flowed-up for half year to 2 years, the effects of operation are stable. CONCLUSIONS: This method not only close the cleft but also restore the soft palate's function of elevating and pushing back to achieve the ideal VPC.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[Retrospective cohort study on the prognosis of chronic myeloid leukemia].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prognostic factors of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). METHODS: Survival curves were plotted according to the Kaplan-Meier method. Variables associated with prognosis were analyzed by Logrank test. A multivariate analysis of prognostic factors was performed using stepwise Cox model. RESULTS: Of the total 158 patients, the median survival time was 1,480 days. 5 years survival rate was 47.1% (95% CI, 36.7% - 56.9%). 10 years was 24.8% (95% CI, 15.0% - 35.8%). The predominant blastic crisis type is myeloblastic, myelomonocytic or monocytic(77.5%). The period from chronic phase to blastic phase was equal in myelosuppressive therapy group, non- myelosuppressive therapy group or altretamine (HMM) group. After evaluated by stepwise Cox's regression model, age>or=50 years, bone marrow blasts>or=0.05, bone marrow basophilic>or=0.05, Ph chromosome negative and HMM treatment were associated with poor prognosis. Hydroxyurea was always associated with longer survival. CONCLUSION: Age, Ph chromosome, bone marrow blasts and basophilic, and various treatment affected the survival of CML.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Gil-Vernet anti-reflux operation by united application of television laparoscopy and vesicourethral laparoscopy].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the possibility of united application of television laparoscopy and vesicourethral laparoscopy in Gil-Vernet operation. METHODS: The animal model of vesicourethral reflux (VUR) was established using rabbits. The Gil-Vernet operation was carried out by united application of television laparoscopy and vesicourethral laparoscopy. RESULTS: The VUR model was successfully established in 13 rabbits, and the reflux was successfully cured by microsurgical methods. CONCLUSIONS: This method had the advantages of television laparoscopy, vesicourethral laparoscopy and the Gil-Vernet such as no dissection of inner part of ureter-bladder wall, small wound, less bleeding, fast recovery, less complication and possible repetitive operation. It can be used in ill children with VUR.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

[Endometrial stromal sarcoma with multi-differentiation: a study of 17 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical and pathomorphological features of multi-differentiated endometrial stromal sarcoma of the uterus and to discuss their behaviour and differential diagnosis. METHODS: The histological characteristics of all cases were observed by pathological examination, some of them have been studied by immunohistochemical and/or ultrastructural techniques. RESULTS: Multi-differentiation was present in 13 cases of low grade and 4 cases of high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma, of which, 13 cases had sex-cord differentiation, 10 cases had smooth muscle differentiation, osseous differentiation in 2 cases and striated muscle differentiation in 1 case. Two types of multi-differentiation was present in 9 cases. CONCLUSIONS: Both low-grade and high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma of uterus can display multi-differentiation. Sex-cord and smooth muscle differentiation are the most common types. Osseous and striated muscle differentiation are very rare. There is no definite correlation between prognosis and the amount or types of multi-differentiation components.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[The effect of injuries on Fn synthesized by FBs and its implication in wound timing].

cFn synthesized by FBs around the wound was detected by immunochemistry in vitro. Using the method of ELISA, The concentration of cFn in the culture media was observed. The concentration of cFn had no change within 30 minutes after injury, but started to increase after 1 hour of the injury and kept this trend within next five hours after injury. By static analysis, it can be obtained that the concentration of cFn in culture media is time-dependent after injury.

Cells, Cultured↗

PubMed2000

[GC-MS analysis of chemical components in essential oil from Flos magnoliae].

In this paper, the chemical components and their relative contents of essential oil in three kinds of Xinyi(Magnolia biondii, Magnolia denudata and Magnolia sprengeri) were identified and analyzed by GC-MS. The main components are 1,8-cineole, sabinene, beta-pinene, alpha-pinene, trans-caryophyllene, etc.

Bicyclic Monoterpenes↗

PubMed2000

[Neurofibromatosis type 2].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics and management strategies of bilateral acoustic neuromas. METHODS: The data of 7 patients with bilateral acoustic neuromas collected between 1990 to 1998 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Altogether 122 patients with acoustic tumors were treated from 1990 to 1998, in which 7 cases (5.8%, 6 male and 1 female) had bilateral acoustic neuromas. The age at onset of symptoms ranged from 13 to 60 years (average 29.1 years). Progressive hearing loss and tinnitus were the initial symptoms in 4 cases. Either strabismus, ptosis, headache or dysequilibrium was presented in 4 cases. Six cases complicated tumors in the central nervous system and/or other sites. Five cases had cafe au lait spots. One case had posterior subcapsular lenticular opacity. Four cases fell into severe (Wishart) type and 2 into mild (Gardner) type. The tumors were unilaterally removed in 4 patients through the retrolabyrinthine approach (1 case) or the retrosigmoid approach (3 cases). In these 4 patients, one died of central respiratory failure after the operation; two had contralateral tumor removal through retrosigmoid approach 3 weeks after the first surgery. One of the patients died of encephaledema after the surgery. No hearing impairment and facial nerve paralysis occurred in one case operated on through the retrolabyrinthine approach, whereas in those through retrosigmoid approach, 4 ears had hearing loss and 3 sides had facial nerve paralysis. CONCLUSION: The clinical characteristics and treatment strategies for bilateral acoustic neuromas are different from those of unilateral acoustic neuroma. Individualization of management is a prerequisite for the success of the treatment. To avoid injury to the VII and VIII cranial nerves, monitoring the nerve functions during the surgery is important.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Anti-human platelet tetraspanin (CD9) monoclonal antibodies induce platelet integrin alphaIIbbeta3 activation in a Fc receptor-independent fashion.

OBJECTIVE: This study characterized the activation of platelet integrin alphaIIbbeta3 induced by two anti-human platelet tetraspanin monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), HI117 and SJ9A4. METHODS: Using 125I-labeled human fibrinogen(Fg), specific Fg binding to human platelets induced by HI117 and SJ9A4 was measured as indication of activation of platelet integrin alphaIIbbeta3 by the two mAbs. RESULTS: HI117 and SJ9A4 (10 microg/ml and 20 microg/ml) induced evident specific Fg binding to human platelets, suggesting that the two mAbs evoked activation of platelet integrin alphaIIbbeta3. Further study indicated that HI117 and SJ9A4 induced integrin alphaIIbbeta3 activation independent of platelet Fc-receptors, and that HI117 and SJ9A4-induced integrin alphaIIbbeta3 activation was inhibited by sphingosing, aspirin, apyrase, and/or PGI2. CONCLUSION: The anti-platelet tetraspanin (CD9) mAbs, HI117 and SJ9A4, can induce platelet integrin alphaIIbbeta3 activation independent of Fc-receptor. Three signaling pathways, i.e. thromboxane, secreted ADP, and cAMP pathways may be involved in the process, with protein kinase C activation presumably being the common step of the three pathways.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1999

Leukocytes utilize myeloperoxidase-generated nitrating intermediates as physiological catalysts for the generation of biologically active oxidized lipids and sterols in serum.

The initiation of lipid peroxidation and the concomitant formation of biologically active oxidized lipids and sterols is believed to play a central role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and vascular disorders. Here we explore the role of neutrophil- and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-generated nitrating intermediates as a physiological catalyst for the initiation of lipid peroxidation and the formation of biologically active oxidized lipids and sterols. Activation of human neutrophils in media containing physiologically relevant levels of nitrite (NO(2)(-)), a major end product of nitric oxide (nitrogen monoxide, NO) metabolism, generated an oxidant capable of initiating peroxidation of lipids. Formation of hydroxy- and hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acids [H(P)ODEs], hydroxy- and hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acids [H(P)ETEs], F(2)-isoprostanes, and a variety of oxysterols was confirmed using on-line reverse phase HPLC tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Lipid oxidation by neutrophils required cell activation and NO(2)(-), occurred in the presence of metal chelators and superoxide dismutase, and was inhibited by catalase, heme poisons, and free radical scavengers. LC/MS/MS studies demonstrated formation of additional biologically active lipid and sterol oxidation products known to be enriched in vascular lesions, such as 1-hexadecanoyl-2-oxovalaryl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, which induces upregulation of endothelial cell adhesion and chemoattractant proteins, and 5-cholesten-3beta-ol 7beta-hydroperoxide, a potent cytotoxic oxysterol. In contrast to the oxidant formed during free metal ion-catalyzed reactions, the oxidant formed during MPO-catalyzed oxidation of NO(2)(-) readily promoted lipid peroxidation in the presence of serum constituents. Collectively, these results suggest that phagocytes may employ MPO-generated reactive nitrogen intermediates as a physiological pathway for initiating lipid peroxidation and forming biologically active lipid and sterol oxidation products in vivo.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

Fertilization-induced activation of phospholipase C in the sea urchin egg.

Fertilization results in the biphasic activation of polyphosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PLC) activity with an initial increase in activity coincident with the sperm-induced calcium transient, followed by a more sustained increase prior to mitosis. Immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that the gamma isoform of PLC is present in both the unfertilized and the fertilized egg and contributes to the initial phase of PLC activation. Fertilization also resulted in translocation of a significant fraction of PLC-gamma from the cytosol to the membrane compartment of the egg.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

Studies on treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia with arsenic trioxide: remission induction, follow-up, and molecular monitoring in 11 newly diagnosed and 47 relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia patients.

Fifty-eight acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients (11 newly diagnosed and 47 relapsed) were studied for arsenic trioxide (As2O3) treatment. Clinical complete remission (CR) was obtained in 8 of 11 (72.7%) newly diagnosed cases. However, As2O3 treatment resulted in hepatic toxicity in 7 cases including 2 deaths, in contrast to the mild liver dysfunction in one third of the relapsed patients. Forty of forty-seven (85.1%) relapsed patients achieved CR. Two of three nonresponders showed clonal evolution at relapse, with disappearance of t(15;17) and PML-RARalpha fusion gene in 1 and shift to a dominant AML-1-ETO population in another, suggesting a correlation between PML-RARalpha expression and therapeutic response. In a follow-up of 33 relapsed cases over 7 to 48 months, the estimated disease-free survival (DFS) rates for 1 and 2 years were 63.6% and 41.6%, respectively, and the actual median DFS was 17 months. Patients with white blood cell (WBC) count below 10 x 10(9)/L at relapse had better survival than those with WBC count over 10 x 10(9)/L (P =.038). The duration of As2O3-induced CR was related to postremission therapy, because there was only 2 of 11 relapses in patients treated with As2O3 combined with chemotherapy, compared with 12 of 18 relapses with As2O3 alone (P =.01). Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis in both newly diagnosed and relapsed groups showed long-term use of As2O3 could lead to a molecular remission in some patients. We thus recommend that ATRA be used as first choice for remission induction in newly diagnosed APL cases, whereas As2O3 can be either used as a rescue for relapsed cases or included into multidrug consolidation/maintenance clinical trials.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Formation of nitric oxide-derived oxidants by myeloperoxidase in monocytes: pathways for monocyte-mediated protein nitration and lipid peroxidation In vivo.

Protein nitration and lipid peroxidation are implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis; however, neither the cellular mediators nor the reaction pathways for these events in vivo are established. In the present study, we examined the chemical pathways available to monocytes for generating reactive nitrogen species and explored their potential contribution to the protein nitration and lipid peroxidation of biological targets. Isolated human monocytes activated in media containing physiologically relevant levels of nitrite (NO(2)(-)), a major end product of nitric oxide ((*)NO) metabolism, nitrate apolipoprotein B-100 tyrosine residues and initiate LDL lipid peroxidation. LDL nitration (assessed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry quantification of nitrotyrosine) and lipid peroxidation (assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography with online tandem mass spectrometric quantification of distinct products) required cell activation and NO(2)(-); occurred in the presence of metal chelators, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and scavengers of hypohalous acids; and was blocked by myeloperoxidase (MPO) inhibitors and catalase. Monocytes activated in the presence of the exogenous (*)NO generator PAPA NONOate (Z-[N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-(n-propyl)amino]diazen-1-ium-1,2- diolate) promoted LDL protein nitration and lipid peroxidation by a combination of pathways. At low rates of (*)NO flux, both protein nitration and lipid peroxidation were inhibited by catalase and peroxidase inhibitors but not SOD, suggesting a role for MPO. As rates of (*)NO flux increased, both nitrotyrosine formation and 9-hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoate/9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadieno ic acid production by monocytes became insensitive to the presence of catalase or peroxidase inhibitors, but they were increasingly inhibited by SOD and methionine, suggesting a role for peroxynitrite. Collectively, these results demonstrate that monocytes use distinct mechanisms for generating (*)NO-derived oxidants, and they identify MPO as a source of nitrating intermediates in monocytes.

Apolipoprotein B-100↗

PubMed1999

Long-term effects of a single dose of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on motoneuron survival following spinal root avulsion in the adult rat.

The long-term effect of a single dose of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) treatment on adult motoneuron survival and on expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) following nerve injury (avulsion) was investigated and compared with that of continuous BDNF treatment. By 6 weeks post-injury, more than 80% of motoneurons survived in animals treated with either a single dose or continuous treatment of BDNF, while only 30% of motoneurons survived in control animals (avulsion only). There were no significant differences in motoneuron survival between animals receiving a single dose and those with continuous treatment of BDNF. Additionally, the expression of NOS in avulsed motoneurons was almost completely inhibited in all BDNF treatment groups regardless of the mode of administration (single vs. continuous). These data indicate that treatment with a single dose of BDNF at the time of injury can inhibit NOS expression and provide the first evidence that in this situation BDNF has a long-term rescue effect on adult motoneuron survival after root avulsion.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1999

NMR structure and mutagenesis of the inhibitor-of-apoptosis protein XIAP.

The inhibitor-of-apoptosis (IAP) family of proteins, originally identified in baculoviruses, regulate programmed cell death in a variety of organisms. IAPs inhibit specific enzymes (caspases) in the death cascade and contain one to three modules of a common 70-amino-acid motif called the BIR domain. Here we describe the nuclear magnetic resonance structure of a region encompassing the second BIR domain (BIR2) of a human IAP family member, XIAP (also called hILP or MIHA). The structure of the BIR domain consists of a three-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet and four alpha-helices and resembles a classical zinc finger. Unexpectedly, conserved amino acids within the linker region between the BIR1 and BIR2 domains were found to be critical for inhibiting caspase-3. The absence or presence of these residues may explain the differences in caspase inhibition observed for different truncated and full-length IAPs. Our data further indicate that these residues may bind to the active site and that the BIR domain may interact with an adjacent site on the enzyme.

Amino Acid Sequence↗