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Biomedical subjects

W Wu

Publications and source records attributed to W Wu.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

The effect of attenuated varicella-zoster virus on replication of HBV.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of attenuated varicella-zoster virus (VZV) on replication of HBV in vitro and vivo. METHODS: The attenuated VZV were inoculated into the ducks infected with DHBV and into the cultural HepG(2) 2.2.15 cells, respectively. DHBV DNA, HBsAg and HBeAg were detected from the duck serum and cell cultural fluid by dot-blot hybridization and EIA. RESULTS: The decline of DHBV DNA in duck serum was found in two dosage groups. Compared with pre-treatment, the level of AD value in 200 pfu/kg group was significantly decreased from 1.17+/-0.29 to 0.59+/-0.45 (10 day after VZV treatment) and 0.21+/-0.21 (5 day after withdrawal of VZV)(t =3.51, 7.54, P<0.001). The level in 400 pfu/kg group was from 0.70+/-0.25 to 0.32+/-0.17 on the 5th day of withdrawal of VZV (t =3.58, P<0.01), respectively after treatment. The inhibitory rates of HBeAg and HBsAg were 61% and 33%, respectively. The effect on HBeAg seems to be more obvious than on HBsAg. CONCLUSIONS: Attenuated VZV could significantly decrease serum DHBV DNA in DHBV-infected ducks and directly inhibit the HBeAg and HBsAg secreted by 2.2.15 cells, suggesting that VZV seems to interfere or inhibit the replication of DHBV.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Dickkopf1 and the Spemann-Mangold head organizer.

Work in amphibians indicates that inhibition of Wnt and BMP signals is essential for head development and that head induction by the Spemann-Mangold organizer may be mediated by secreted Wnt antagonists. Wnts are potent posteriorizing factors and antagonize the Spemann-Mangold organizer. Dickkopf1 (dkk1) encodes a secreted effector expressed in head organizing centers of Xenopus, mouse and zebrafish. It acts as a Wnt inhibitor and is able together with BMP inhibitors to induce the formation of ectopic embryonic heads in Xenopus. It anteriorizes both mesendoderm and neuroectoderm, promoting prechordal plate and forebrain fates. Injection of inhibitory antibodies leads to microcephaly and cyclopia. Dkk1 thus is an essential mediator of the vertebrate head organizer.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Metabolic changes in rats with photochemically induced cerebral infarction and the effects of batroxobin: a study by magnetic resonance imaging, 1H- and 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Metabolic changes in rats with photochemically induced cerebral infarction and the effects of batroxobin were investigated 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after infarction by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 1H- and 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). A region of T2 hyperintensity was observed in left temporal neocortex in infarction group and batroxobin group 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after infarction. The volume of the region gradually decreased from 1 day to 7 days after infarction. The ratio of NAA/Cho + Cr in the region of T2 hyperintensity in the infarction group was significantly lower than that in the corresponding region in the sham-operated group 3, 5 and 7 days after infarction respectively (P < 0.05). Lac appeared in the region of T2 hyperintensity in the infarction group 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after infarction, but it was not observed in the corresponding region in sham-operated group at all time points. Compared with the sham-operated group, the ratios of beta ATP/PME + PDE and PCr/PME + PDE of the whole brain in the infarction group were significantly lower 1, 3 and 5 days after infarction respectively (P < 0.05), and the ratio of beta ATP/PCr also was significantly lower 1 day after infarction (P < 0.05). Batroxobin significantly decreased the volume of the region of T2 hyperintensity 1 and 3 days after infarction (P < 0.05), significantly increased the ratio of NAA/Cho + Cr in the region 5 and 7 days after infarction (P < 0.05), significantly decreased the ratios of Lac/Cho + Cr and Lac/NAA in the region 5 and 7 days after infarction (P < 0.05), and significantly increased the ratios of beta ATP/PME + PDE and beta ATP/PCr in the whole brain 1 day after infarction (P < 0.05). The results indicated that the infracted region had severe edema, increased Lac and apparent neuronal dysfunction and death, and energy metabolism of the whole brain decreased after focal infarction, and that batroxobin effectively ameliorated the above-mentioned abnormal changes.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Simulation and applications of a novel modified SBR system for biological nutrient removal.

Dynamic simulation and applications of a novel, continuous-fed, constant level modified sequencing batch reactor for biological nutrient removal are presented. The underlying mathematical model and practical applications of the simulation are discussed. Case studies are presented to illustrate the applications as well as the flexibility of the system in meeting different wastewater treatment requirements. Operation experience from full-scale wastewater treatment plant demonstrates the reliability, ease of operation and high efficiency of the system. Average BOD5, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and TSS removals of 97, 81, 88 and 94% are achieved respectively on an annual basis with little operator attention. Consistently high waste activated sludge concentrations are demonstrated, averaging approximately 20,000 mg/L.

Bioreactors↗
PubMed2001

[Fluoride emission from different soil minerals at high temperatures].

The emission characteristics of fluoride pollutants from montmorillonite, kaolinite, vermiculite, geothite and allophane were studied to elucidate the mechanism of fluoride-releasing from soils during brick and tile making at high temperatures from 300 degrees C to 1000 degrees C. The rate of fluoride emission varied with temperature, mineral type, heating time, specific surface area and cations added to minerals. The escape of crystalline water resulting from crystal lattice collapse at a certain high temperature was found to affect the rate of fluoride emission. Calcium compounds could decrease fluoride emission rate from montmorillonite. At 800 degrees C, the rate of fluoride emission from Ca-treated montmorillonite decreased by 59.6% compared to untreated montmorillonite. The order for fluoride-fixing capacity of the 5 calcium compounds at 800 degrees C was as follows: CaCO3 > CaO > Ca3(PO4)2 > Ca(OH)2 > CaSO4.

Aluminum Silicates↗
PubMed2001

[Effects of attenuated measles virus on hepatitis B virus in vivo and in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of attenuated measles virus on hepatitis B virus replication inside and outside the body. METHODS: Patients with chronic hepatitis B virus replication were chosen, and attenuated measles viruses were inoculated in them and observed twice every week for a total of 48 weeks. The changes of CD4+, CD8+, IFN-gamma, IL-2, HBeAg and HBV DAN were observed. Also the changes of the HBVM were observed when adding the measles virus in suspension of the 2.2.15 cells. RESULTS: The average ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ before the treatment was 1.05 +/- 0.19 and it rose to 1.47 +/- 0.18 after follow up for 48 weeks. Then, compared with the ratio before the treatment, the difference was significant(t = 5.36, P < 0.01). After inoculating the measles virus for two weeks, IFN-gamma and IL-2 increased. Although the total average ratio had not great difference, IL-2 level of 26.3% of the cases elevated 5 times higher in the second week, as compared with the control group, there was a great difference (chi 2 = 12.07, P < 0.005). The results of the examination of the HBeAg before treatment was 317, 35 +/- 151.75, but became 139.17 +/- 166.66 after observing for 48 weeks(t = 2.16, P < 0.05). The positive ratio of HBV DNA before the treatment was 100% and become 63.16% after treatment. Thus the ratio difference is significant(chi 2 = 10.08, P < 0.005). However, no such ratio difference was found in the control group. When adding the attenuated measles virus in suspension of 2.2.15 cell, the HBsAg and HBeAg decreased. CONCLUSION: When the measles virus and hepatitis B virus infect the cases in an overlapping way, the latter may be interfered by change of the cell immunity status of the body of the former, and measles virus may have direct interference effects on hepatitis B virus.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Effect of batroxobin on neuronal apoptosis during focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rats.

We have found that Batroxobin plays a protective role in ischemic brain injury, which attracted us to investigate the effect of Batroxobin on apoptosis of neurons during cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. The apoptotic cells in ischemic rat brains at different reperfusion intervals were tested with method of TdT-mediated dUTP-DIG nick end labeling (TUNEL) and the effect of Batroxobin on the apoptosis of neurons was studied in left middle cerebral artery (LMCA) occlusion and reperfusion in rat models (n = 18). The results showed that few scattered apoptosis cells were observed in right cerebral hemispheres after LMCA occlusion and reperfusion, and that a lot of apoptosis cells were found in left ischemic cortex and caudoputamen at 12 h reperfusion, and they reached peak at 24 h-48 h reperfusion. However, in the rats pretreated with Batroxobin, the number of apoptosis cells in left cerebral cortex and caudoputamen reduced significantly and the neuronal damage was much milder at 24 h reperfusion than that of saline-treated rats. The results indicate that administration of Batroxobin may reduce the apoptosis of neurons induced by cerebral ischemia and reperfusion and afford significant cerebroprotection in the model of focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Phosphorus sorption and desorption of agricultural soils under different land uses].

The potential of P loss from soils under different land uses in Taihu Lake watershed was evaluated by laboratory experiment. It was shown that although the P sorption capacity of paddy soils under oxidized conditions were little lower than that of dryland soils the risks of P loss from the former via runoff and leaching were lower than that from the latter, because the soil P levels of the former were much lower than that of the latter. For most paddy soils the P sorption capacity increased and the P release decreased under reduced conditions than that under oxidized conditions and this was attributed to the formation of amorphous Fe2+ hydroxides which have a greater surface area and more P sorption sites than well-crystallized Fe3+ oxides.

Adsorption↗
PubMed2001

Effects of endothelin receptor A antagonist FR139317 on rats with congestive heart failure.

AIM: To study the effects of a selective endothelin receptor A (ETA) antagonist FR139317 on rats with congestive heart failure. METHODS: A congestive heart failure model was established via left coronary artery ligation in adult male Wistar rats. The rats with congestive heart failure were treated with FR139317 at two doses (1 and 5 mg . kg-1 . d-1 respectively for 6 weeks) or with vehicle. Hemodynamics, plasma level of endothelin-1 (ET-1), and mortality rate of rats were measured. RESULTS: Both groups treated with FR139317 (high and low dose) have lower mortality rate (25.0 % and 28.6 % vs 50.0 %) and lower plasma level of ET-1 than that of vehicle [(3.6 +/- 1.2) ng/L and (4.9 +/- 1.5) ng/L vs (5.8 +/- 1.3) ng/L]. Comparing to vehicle group, left ventricular end-diastolic pressures of the FR139317-treated groups were improved significantly [(12 +/- 6) mmHg and (14 +/- 7) mmHg vs (22 +/- 9) mmHg]. FR139317 at a higher dose reduced the mean arterial pressure of the rats with congestive heart failure and decreased the plasma concentration of endothelin to a closer level of rats with normal heart function than lower dose. CONCLUSION: Selective ETA antagonist FR139317 improved the hemodynamics and reduced the plasma ET-1 level and the mortality of rats with congestive heart failure

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Apoptosis of myocardial cells in dilated cardiomyopathy].

OBJECTIVE: To study apoptosis of myocardial cells in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and its relation with cardiac function. METHODS: Myocardial samples of 21 patients in a DCM group were obtained from hearts of 14 patients undergoing endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) in right ventricular (EMB sub-group) and from the hearts of the 7 remaining patients at autopsy (Autopsy sub-group). Myocardial samples of a control group were obtained from hearts of 5 patients at autopsy, who died of causes other than cardiovascular disease. Apoptosis was evaluated histochemically by in situ end-labeled DNA (Tunel method). RESULTS: (1) Apoptotic index (AI) of the DCM group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P < 0.01), AI of EMB sub-group was significantly lower than that of autopsy sub-group (P < 0.01), but significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01). (2) AI in patients with heart-thorax ratio (HTR) < 0.6, left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVDd) < 65 mm and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) > or = 40% was significantly lower than that of patients with HTR > or = 0.6, LVDd > or = 65 mm and LVEF < 40% respectively (P < 0.01 for all), but was significantly higher than that of the control group respectively (P < 0.01 for all). CONCLUSIONS: Apoptotic myocardial cells were frequently observed in the myocardial tissues of the DCM and the magnitude of apoptosis increased with the deterioration of cardiac function, indicating that apoptosis may be an important mechanism of loss of myocardial cells and cardiac dysfunction in the DCM.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Relationship between production input and secondary succession of earthworm population in salinity transforming region of north China--a case study in Quzhou County].

The analysis on earthworm diversity in the farmland ecosystem of salinity transforming region in Quzhou County, Hebei Province, showed that the secondary succession of earthworm population had a close relationship with the input of fertilizer and manure. An optimum input, especially manure input, could accelerate the secondary succession. The general trend of earthworm distribution was in the order of second experimental district > first experimental district > third experimental district > original area. The distribution, biomass and amount of earthworm varied in different types of land-use, and the relationship was in the order of vegetable field > crop field > orchard and margin land.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Anti-human platelet tetraspanin (CD9) monoclonal antibodies induce platelet integrin alpha IIb beta 3 activation in a Fc receptor-independent fashion.

OBJECTIVES: To characterize the activation of platelet integrin alpha IIb beta 3 induced by two anti-human platelet tetraspanin monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), HI117 and SJ9A4, and investigate their potential mechanism of action. METHODS: Using 125I-labeled human fibrinogen (Fg), specific Fg binding to human platelets induced by HI117 and SJ9A4 was measured. RESULTS: HI117 and SJ9A4 (10 micrograms/ml and 20 micrograms/ml) induced specific Fg binding to human platelets, suggesting that the two mAbs evoked activation of platelet integrin alpha IIb beta 3. Further study indicated that HI117 and SJ9A4 induced integrin alpha IIb beta 3 activation independent of platelet Fc-receptors, and that HI117 and SJ9A4-induced integrin alpha IIb beta 3 activation was inhibited by pretreatment of platelets with sphingosine, aspirin, apyrase, and/or PGI2. CONCLUSIONS: Anti-platelet tetraspanin (CD9) mAbs, HI117 and SJ9A4, can induce platelet integrin alpha IIb beta 3 activation independent of Fc-receptors. Three signaling pathways, namely thromboxane, secreted ADP, and cAMP pathways, may be involved in the process, with protein kinase C activation presumably being the common step of the three pathways.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed2001

Epstein-Barr virus infection of sinonasal lymphoepithelial carcinoma in Guangzhou.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of sinonasal lymphoepithelial carcinoma (SNLEC) in Guangzhou, a high incidence area of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and to detect whether it is associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. METHODS: Twenty confirmed SNLEC specimens were collected from all of the sinonasal carcinoma biopsies performed in the 8 years 1989-1996 at the Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences. EBV encoded early RNAs were detected by use of in-situ hybridization. A variety of antigens, including the EBV nuclear antigen 1, latent membrane protein 1, BZLF1 protein, diffuse early antigen, viral capsid antigen and membrane antigen, were detected using immunohistochemistry. Additionally, 36 NPC specimens were used for comparison. RESULTS: Twenty SNLECs were identified. Seventeen SNLECs were developed in the nasal cavity, and 3 in the maxillary sinus. The mean age (46.25 y), male to female ratio (3:1), histopathology and lymphoinfiltration of the 20 SNLECs were identical with those of the 36 NPCs. Thirteen (65.0%) of the 20 SNLECs showed an expansive growth pattern, while 27 (75.0%) of the 36 NPCs showed an infiltrating or mixed growth pattern. The majority of cancer cells in all of the 20 SNLECs showed EBV encoded early RNAs. The EBV nuclear antigen 1 expression of SNLEC was less intensive than that of NPC. The expression rate of latent membrane protein 1 for SNLEC (3/20, 15%) was lower than that for NPC (19/36, 52.8%). The expression rates of BZLF1 protein (2/20, 10.0%), diffuse early antigen (19/20, 95.0%), viral capsid antigen (15/20, 75.0%), and membrane antigen (13/20, 65.0%) for SNLEC were higher than those (0/36, 0.0%; 31/36, 86.0%; 18/36, 50%; and 14/36, 38.9%) for NPC. CONCLUSIONS: SNLEC is not uncommon in Guangzhou. This tumour is also consistently associated with EBV infection like NPC. As compared to NPC, the EBV harbored in SNLECs seems to express the EBV nuclear antigen 1 weakly and has a lower expression rate of latent membrane protein 1 as well as higher expression rates of EBV lytic products.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Serum granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in patients with chronic renal failure.

OBJECTIVE: To gain a better understanding of the regulatory mechanism and kinetic behaviour of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). METHODS: An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to detect serum G-CSF in 61 patients with chronic renal failure +/- long-term hemodialysis and 30 normal controls. RESULTS: Serum G-CSF levels in CRF patients were significantly higher than in normal controls. Eighty percent of patients had detectable G-CSF and serum G-CSF levels were 566.40 +/- 207.98 ng/L in non-hemodialyzed (non-HD) patients. The detectable percentage in hemodialyzed patients was 93.33%, serum G-CSF levels in pre-HD and post-HD patients were 1255.36 +/- 611.25 ng/L and 1151.61 +/- 599.47 ng/L respectively. Serum G-CSF levels in HD patients were slightly higher than in non-HD patients, but no significant difference was found between the two groups. No difference was found between the G-CSF values obtained in pre-HD and post-HD patients. There was no relationship between G-CSF levels and WBC, BUN or Scr (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The high value of G-CSF in patients with CRF may be caused by a decrease in G-CSF clearance and/or an increase in G-CSF release.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Batroxobin against anoxic damage of rat hippocampal neurons in culture: morphological changes and Hsp70 expression.

Batroxobin, the thrombin-like enzyme, is used for therapeutic defibrination. We have found that batroxobin has good therapeutic effect in ischemic reperfusion rats and clinical practices in vivo. But we have not studied the neuroprotective effect of batroxobin on anoxic hippocampal neurons in vitro. The purpose of this study was to obtain further information on the mechanism of the batroxobin-induced neuroprotection and examine the neuroprotective effect on neurons exposed to anoxia. The effect of batroxobin on anoxic damages in cultured hippocampal neurons of neonatal rats was investigated by using morphological changes and heat shock protein 70 Kd (Hsp70) immunoreactive expression as indicators. The results indicate that batroxobin, besides its defibrination, may have a direct neuroprotective effect on anoxic damage of hippocampal neurons.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Trauma-related xanthogranulomatous interstitial nephritis: a clinicopathological analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathogenesis, exact nature, histologic feature of xanthogranulomatous interstitial nephritis (XGIN) as well as its significance in clinical medicine. METHODS: The medical histories concerned were collected with diagnostic images including CT scanning, ultrasonography, intravenous urography (IVU) and laboratory data being synthesized by comparison with what was discover ed during operations and pathologic examinations. RESULTS: All patients were ever struck on their loins or backs by blunt violence over 4-12 years. The diseases were clinically diagnosed as "renal cancer" before, during and after operations, and treated with ra dic al nephrectomy. Located at cortical parts, the tumor focus had penetrated the renal capsules and invaded other organs. However, immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the lesions were xanthogranulomas, not tumors, in which there were stacks of foam cells and lymphocytes with vast extends of fibrotic tissues obliterating the cortical interstitial structures. Urinary tracts yielded no bacterium, obstruction or calculus. CONCLUSIONS: XGIN is likely to be one kind of immunologic mediated granuloma following blunt renal trauma. It is imperative to clarify pathogenesis and character of this lesion so as to find out any approach to diagnosis and cure of such an unusual nephropathy.

Adult↗