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Biomedical subjects

W Wu

Publications and source records attributed to W Wu.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Effects of transient forebrain ischemia and radix Salviae miltiorrhizae (RSM) on extracellular levels of monoamine neurotransmitters and metabolites in the gerbil striatum--an in vivo microdialysis study.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 30 min forebrain ischemia, followed by 120 min reperfusion on extracellular fluid (ECF) levels of dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-HT) and their metabolites, homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in the striatum of gerbils, so as to obtain further information on the mechanism of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (RSM)-induced neuroprotection. Microdialysis was used to sample the extracellular space. Dialysate was measured by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detector (HPLC-ED). ECF DA, NE levels increased from basal levels by 282, 227 and 221 folds, by 9.14, 8.51 and 8.25 folds, respectively for the three ischemic duration (0-10; 11-20; 21-30 min). ECF DA, NE, 5-HT levels in the RSM-treated group were significantly decreased as compared with those in the control group during ischemia (P < 0.01). The results suggested that monoamine neurotransmitters were involved in ischemic neuron damage directly or indirectly; and that RSM plays a protective role during cerebral ischemia by attenuating the dysfunctions of monoamine neurotransmitters.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Involvement of TNF-alpha in enhancement of invasion and metastasis of colon 26-L5 carcinoma cells in mice by social isolation stress.

Psychosocial stress has been implicated in tumor metastasis. We have previously reported that social isolation stress exacerbated liver metastasis of colon 26-L5 by partially suppressing the cellular immunity in male Balb/c mice. To further understand the mechanism underlying the influence of isolation stress on liver metastasis, we investigated the effect of social isolation stress on tumor invasion, which is considered to be a pivotal step of tumor metastasis. The invasion and migration of tumor cells obtained from tumor nodules in the isolated mice were more markedly enhanced than that in the group-housed mice. The mRNA expression of proteolytic proteases, including matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, membrane type 1 (MTI)-MMP, and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA), were increased in the tumor and liver tissues of the isolated mice compared with the control mice. On the other hand, production of plasma TNF-alpha and expression of hepatic TNF-alpha mRNA were elevated in the isolated mice with or without tumor burden. Increased TNF-alpha level was particularly discernible in the liver of tumor-bearing mice. Elevated positive staining for TNF-alpha was immunohistochemically observed within and around tumor mass in the liver from isolated tumor-bearing mice, compared with group-housed mice. In addition, the invasiveness of tumor cells and the expression of proteolytic enzymes, including MMP-9 and u-PA in tumor cells, were enhanced by the treatment of TNF-alpha in vitro. Thus, the data suggested that isolation stress-augmented TNF-alpha may be involved in the enhancement of tumor invasion and metastasis in part by upregulating the proteolytic enzymes such as MMPs and u-PA in tumor and liver tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Study of surgical depilation in pig and human body].

OBJECTIVE: The study is to show how much dermis and the follicles within it should be removed in order to prevent hair regeneration. METHODS: The experiment used Wuzhishan mini pigs. Different thickness of the pig's dermis and the follicles within it were removed to observe hair regeneration. According to the result, the dermis and the follicles were removed from the scalps of 62 patients from Jan. 1995 to Dec. 1996. Subsequent hair regeneration was observed. RESULTS: Using surgical depilation to remove 1/4-2/5 thickness of the scalp dermis and the follicles within it stopped most of the hair regeneration. The rate of hair regeneration was 10-30%. Satisfactory clinical effects were achieved. CONCLUSION: Surgical depilation is a simple, effective, cheap way for hair removing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Clinical characteristics and psychotropic therapy of depressive and anxious symptoms of patients with somatic diseases].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the characteristics of depressive and anxious symptoms and the drug therapy response of patients with somatic diseases. METHODS: All the subjects were inpatients in a general hospital. The depressive and anxious symptoms met with the following conditions: hospital anxiety and depression scale (HAD) > 7 scores, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) > 12, Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) > 10, Clinical Global Impression (CGI) > or = 3. RESULTS: In patients 200, 195 received the therapy, and 5 discontinued. The severity of depressive symptom in descending order was tumor group, blood disease group, endocrine disease group, depressive group, cardiovascular disease group, renal disease group. The effects of Seroxat (serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor, SSRI): showed that the overall efficacy against depressive and anxious symptoms, measured with 50% reduction rate in endpoint scales scores, was 61.6% and 61.5% respectively. CONCLUSION: Different characteristics of emotional symptoms existed among different somatic diseases. Seroxat is effective in treating emotional problems of patients with somatic diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Epstein-Barr virus infection in nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia.

OBJECTIVE: To detect whether Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) harbors in nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia (NPLH) which is frequently to be seen in Guangzhou, a high-incidence area of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and to explore the relation between NPLH and development of NPC. METHODS: Twenty-four 10% formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsies oef patients with NPLH and elevated serum IgA antibody titer (> or = 1:20) against viral capsid antigen of EB virus (IgA/VCA) were collected from the archives of the Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences during the period of January to June, 1993. PCR plus Southern blotting hybridization for detection of EBV DNA W-fragment and in situ hybridization for detection of EB virus encoded small RNAs (EBERs) were performed. All the patients were followed up more than 5 years. RESULTS: Twenty-two of 24 (91.7%) NPLH tissues contained EBV DNA. A few definitely EBERs positive B-lymphocytes could be found in 17 out of 24 specimens (70.8%). Neither NPC nor any EBV-associated malignancies were developed in all of these 24 patients up to date. CONCLUSION: Most of the NPLH tissues taken from the patients with an elevated serum IgA/VCA titer carry EBV, which is harbouring in the nuclei of a few infiltrating and hyperplastic B-lymphocytes. The NPLH without epithelial dysplasia can not be recognized as a precancerous lesion, and EBV infection in these lesions is not an important event, having no substantial significance in development of NPC.

Capsid↗
PubMed1999

[The effects of sera of acute promyelocytic leukemia patients and culture supernates of NB4 cells on normal granulo-macrophage hematopoiesis].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the inhibitory activity of sera from acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL) patients on the growth of granular-macrophage progenitors(CFU-GM) and factors affecting the inhibitory activity. METHODS: Sera of 24 APL patients on the all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA) therapy course were kinetically obtained for cellular culture assay. Meanwhile, granulocyte-colony-stimulating-factor(G-CSF), interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor(TNF) activities in the patient serum and supernate of NB4 cell culture were detected. RESULTS: Before treatment, there was an inhibitory activity on CFU-GM growth in the sera of APL patients and it was statistically higher than that in remission patients and controls(P < 0.01). As the treatment going on the activity was gradually increased, reached its maximum 3-6 days prior to the peak of white blood cell(WBC) and declined to normal when bone marrow remission was obtained. It was positively correlated with the number of CFU-L and the percentage of promyelocyte in bone marrow, negatively with the number of CFU-GM but not with serum G-CSF and TNF activity. Serum G-CSF level was positively correlated with the number of WBC (P < 0.05). No serum IFN-gamma activity was detected in the sera. CONCLUSIONS: 1. One of the therapeutic mechanisms of ATRA on APL is that ATRA induces APL cell maturation thus reduces the serum inhibitory activity on normal hematopoiesis. 2. The inhibitory activity of APL patient serum on normal hemopoiesis consists of complicated factors.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1999

The relationship between the levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and leukocytosis induced by all-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism of leukocytosis. METHODS: Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used for detecting levels of serum granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in 47 cases of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) during the treatment with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). RESULTS: The peak of increased serum G-CSF level occurred on the 9th day, and WBC number was the highest on the 11th day. After ATRA treatment, both serum G-CSF level and WBC number increased in 68.1% of the cases. In 19.2% of the cases treated, serum G-CSF level was increased but without obvious change in WBC number, and the reverse was true in 12.7% of the cases. CONCLUSION: Serum G-CSF level was statistically correlated to the number of WBC, promyelocytes and its late stage by Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[The effects of lipopolysaccharide and anti-inflammatory drugs on nuclear factor-kappa B in pulmonary intravascular macrophage].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate activation of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-kappa B) in pulmonary intravascular macrophage (PIM) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and effects of anti-inflammatory drugs dexamethasone (DEX) and aspirin (ASA) on the process. METHODS: PIMs isolated from three healthy pigs were cultured and divided into four groups: Control group; LPS- stimulated group; DEX- or ASA-treated group. The NF-kappa B activity of nuclear protein extract from the PIMs and the concentration of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in the supernatant were measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and radioimmunoassay (RIA), respectively. RESULTS: The activity of NF-kappa B significantly increased from 0.5 hr to 4 hr after LPS stimulation (P < 0.01); The level of TNF-alpha in the supernatant elevated markedly from 1 hr to 2 hr after LPS stimulation (P < 0.01); positive correlation was found between the NF-kappa B activity and the TNF-alpha concentration at 1 hr after LPS stimulation (r = 0.991, P < 0.01). Compared with LPS-stimulated group, both NF-kappa B activity and TNF-alpha concentration were significantly lowered in DEX- or ASA-treated groups (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: LPS might activate NF-kappa B in the PIMs, and induce the increase of transcription and expression of TNF-alpha gene; Both DEX and ASA could inhibit the activation of NF-kappa B and reduce the release of TNF-alpha.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Preliminary study on the antitumor immuno-protective mechanism of beta-elemene].

OBJECTIVE: To study the antitumor effects and their molecular mechanism of beta-elemene, which is one of the effective monomers of Oleum Curcuma aromatica, a Chinese anticancer medicament. METHODS: The expression of membrane protein HSP70 on H22 cells treated with beta-elemene or mitomycin C(MMC) was analysed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometric techniques and the antitumor effects of the treated H22 cells was examined in C57BL/6 mice. RESULTS: The expression rate or intensity of membrane protein HSP70 of H22 cells treated with beta-elemene, and those treated with MMC was both significantly higher than that of the untreated H22 cells (P < 0.001). Increase in HSP70 expression was most marked when H22 cells were treated with beta-elemene and MMC in combination, with an expression rate of 95.1%. Heat shock treatment of the H22 cells combined with other stress-inducing factors could further increase the HSP70 expression intensity. Specific antitumor immunity could be elicited in C57BL/6 mice immunized with beta-elemene-treated H22 cells, and the effect could be partially blocked by anti-HSP70 mAb. In mice immunized with beta-elemene-treated H22 cells, tumor developed in 3 of 11 mice, while in the immunized mice given anti-HSP70 mAb, 5 out of 10 mice developed tumor, and all of the control mice developed tumor. The average tumor weight (g) on day 28 after challenge with untreated H22 cells was 0.17 +/- 0.33, 0.66 +/- 0.77 and 1.11 +/- 0.58 in the three groups of mice, respectively. CONCLUSION: beta-elemene increases tumor cell immunogenicity by inducing, at least in part, elevated expression of heat shock protein 70 on tumor cell surface.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Clinical study on therapeutic mechanism of Sini Decoction in treating post-percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty ischemia-reperfusion injury in terms of syndrome typing of TCM].

OBJECTIVE: To study the mechanism of Sini Decoction (SND) in prevention and treatment of post-percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) ischemia-reperfusion injury with different Syndrome typing of TCM. METHODS: Forty patients received PTCA were randomly divided equally into the SND group and the control group, in each group, there were 10 of Excess Syndrome (ES) and 10 of Deficiency Syndrome (DS). Twenty-five ml of SND was given daily to the SND group from 3 days before operation to the third day after operation. The blood superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) content of patients were determined before PTCA, and 1 hrs, 12 hrs, 24 hrs, 48 hrs and 72 hrs after PTCA. RESULTS: Before PTCA, the cases of DS were characterized by low SOD activity and high MDA content, as compared with the patients of ES, P < 0.05. SND could relieve the post-PTCA deprivation of SOD activity and NO content and the elevation of MDA level of both ES and DS patients, the amplitude of elevation of SOD activity in DS patients was higher than that in ES patients (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: SND has antagonisting effect on post-PTCA ischemia-reperfusion injury, which is more effective in treating patients with DS.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed1999

[The effects of muscarinic and nicotinic receptor antagonists on compound action potentials in the cochleae of gerbils].

To explore the mechanism of the medial olivocochlear(MOC) efferents and their neurotransmitter acetylcholine in regulating the cochlear mechanics and the auditory afferent activities, the effects of contralateral noise(CLN) and muscarinic(M) and nicotinic(N) receptor antagonist on the compound action potential(CAP) of the cochleae of gerbils were observed in our studies. The results showed that the CAP was significantly inhibited by CLN, and the suppressive effect of CLN on CAP was eliminated either by atropine or by gentamycin. These results support that MOC efferents play their physiological effect via both M and N receptors.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1999

[Traumatic perilymphatic fistula of round and oval windows (four cases reported)].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the diagnosis and treatment to traumatic perilymph fistula (PLF) of round and oval window. METHOD: Traumatic PLF was diagnosed by the traumatic history of head, neck and ear, the examinations of auditory and vestibular function, and the exploratory tympanotomy. The PLF of round and oval windows were repaired by fascia graft or tragus perichondrium and gelform. Four cases with traumatic PLF of round and oval window were reported in this paper, which included 2 cases hitten by hand, 1 by brick, 1 insulted by middle ear surgery. Exploratory tympanotomy was performed from one and half to nine months after injury. One case was misdiagnosed as Meniere's disease before confirming PLF. Exploration and repair of PLF underwent in all cases. RESULT: The symptom of vertigo relieved in all cases after surgery, while the hearing recovery was not evident. CONCLUSION: 1. Traumatic PLF is unrare, hence, traumatic PLF should be alerted if patients suffer from vertigo and hearing impairment after head and ear injury. 2. The features with vertigo attacks, fluctuating hearing loss and tinnutis should be distinguished from Meniere's disease. 3. Early exploratory tympanotomy and repair of PLF are effective for relieving vertigo and improving hearing.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Determination of benzidine in cotton cloth by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)].

In this paper, a method for determination of benzidine in cotton cloth by HPLC was studied. First, cotton cloth was treated by sodium dithionite at the temperature of (70 +/- 2) degrees C. On this condition, azo dyes in cotton cloth were reduced to benzidine. Then benzidine was extracted by diethyl ether in sodium hydroxide solution. Benzidine originating from cotton cloth was analysed by HPLC with a column of Hypersil ODS (5 microns, 15 cm x 4.6 mm i.d.), mobile phase of V (MeOH):V(H2O) = 75:25, flow rate of 0.6 mL/min, pressure of 17.7 MPa and detection at 254 nm. By comparison with the standard sample, the retention time of benzidine was about 2.5 min. Benzidine in three samples was determined through parallel experiment. The mass ratio of benzidine in cotton cloth was 94.01, 86.9 and 120.8 micrograms/g, and the average was 100.57 micrograms/g. The average recovery was 84.7%. The experiment expressed that benzidine originating from cotton cloth could be qualitatively and quantitatively determined by HPLC. The accuracy of the results of parallel experiments was related to the reducing process. When the reducing conditions were completely consistent, the result would be more accurate.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1999

[Analysis of Parkinson's EEG based on the complexity measure].

EEG represents the electricy activity of neurons in human brain; it is of course repeatedly used for studying and analyzing the brain activity and the status of brain function. We analyzed the Parkinson's and normal persons' EEG, with the aid of Kc complexity and C1 complexity defined by Kolmogorov and Xujinhua respectively. The results of the analysis on the data from 200 patients and 200 normal persons indicate that the complexity of EEG can be regarded as a feature classifying the Parkinson's EEG and normal persons' EEG.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1999

[Changes of biomechanical properties in goats at different times after ovariectomy].

This paper presents the changes of biomechanical properties in goats at different times after ovariectomy. 14 goats were randomly divided into three groups. These goats were ovariectomized and sacrificed at 180 days (n = 4), 360 days (n = 5) and 540 days (n = 5) after the operation. The right femur, tibia and metatarsus were taken out. The structure mechanical properties of femora were measured with the three-point bending method and those of metatarsus were measured with the compressing method. The material mechanical properties of flexure, compress and tensile strength in the compact bone specimens of femora and tibiae taken from broken ends were also measured. The results showed that the one-year group, compared with the half-year group, had all the bone geometric parameters decreased, but not statistically significant (P > 0.05); the elastic modulus of three-point bending of femora decreased by 23.27% and the others had no significant difference (P > 0.05); all the material parameters of flexurel, compress and tensile strength in compact bone specimens decreased, but only the ultimate strength of tibiae of flexure, compress and tensile strength decreased obviously (P < 0.05). The one and a half year group, compared with the one year group, had the bone density of femora and tibiae decreased, but not statistically significant (P > 0.05). All the bone geometric parameters of tibiae and the thickness of bone of femora increased (P < 0.05). The break load of three-point bending of femora increased (P < 0.05). Probably, it was related to the increase of the body weight in the one and a half year group. The elastic modulus and the ultimate strength decreased, but not statistically significant (P > 0.05). When compact bone specimens were used, the ultimate strength and elastic modulus of femora and tibiae in compress and the elastic module of tibiae in flexure decreased obviously (P < 0.05); and the others had no significant changes (P > 0.05). This study indicated that the degree of osteoporosis in ovariectomized goats increased at half a year, one year, and one and a half year postoperation, and hence suggested that the ovariectomized goat be a pretty useful big animal model of osteoporosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[A fluorimetric study of the interactions of hydrochloridum berberini with vinylpyrrolidone and beta-cyclodextrin].

The interactions of hydrochloridum berberini with 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and beta-cyclodextrin in aqueous solution were studied by spectrofluorimetric method. The spectral changes were quantitatively investigated. Results showed that the complexation with beta-cyclodextrin resulted in an enhancement of the fluorescence of hydrochloridum berberini whereas 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone caused a quenching of the fluorescence. It had been supposed 1:1 complex formation. Specifically, formation constants and the thermodynamic parameters at different temperatures were calculated.

Berberine↗
PubMed1999

[Preliminary study on relationship between different viral pathogenesis and disease prognosis in patients with severe viral hepatitis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between different viral pathogenesis and disease prognosis in severe viral hepatitis. METHODS: Different viral pathogenesis of 87 dead and live cases with severe viral hepatitis were compared. RESULTS: Total mortality of 87 patients with severe hepatitis was 74.71% (65/87), total prevalence of HBV infection alone in these patients was 41.38% (36/87). The detection rates of HBV infection alone and superinfection of different hepatitis viruses in 68 patients with chronic severe hepatitis (CSH) were 41.18% (28/68) and 58.82% (40/68) respectively. The prevalences of superinfection of HBV and HEV or HAV and superinfection of HBV and CMV in patients with CSH were 27.94% (19/68) and 10.29 (7/68) respectively. The mortality of superinfection of HBV and CMV (85.71%) was the highest, followed by HBV infection alone (77.78%). In addition, the prevalence and mortality of HBV infection alone in 19 patients with acute or subacute severe hepatitis was the highest. CONCLUSION: HBV, HEV or HAV infection alone was the main viral pathogenesis of severe hepatitis. Superinfection of different viruses in patients with CSH was the most common viral infection type. An unpromising prognosis of superinfection of HBV and CMV in CSH is noted.

Adolescent↗