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Biomedical subjects

W Walsh

Publications and source records attributed to W Walsh.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Comparison of single and biplane ejection fractions in patients with Ischaemic heart disease.

Simultaneous biplane left ventriculography was performed in 59 patients with ischaemic heart disease. A comparison was made of the frontal (EFF), lateral (EFL), and biplane (EFB) ejection fractions. Discrepancies between the three measurements in the same patient were frequent observed. The patients were then grouped according to the presence or absence of signs of transmural myocardial infarction in the electrocardiogram or wall motion abnormalities, and the single and biplane EF data were again compared. There were 31 patients with previous transmural myocardial infarction and 37 patients with wall motion abnormalities, usually involving the anterior or inferior walls. The EFL of patients with transmural myocardial infarction or wall motion abnormalities commonly exceeded the EEF, because of frequent preservation of dorsal wall contraction visualized only in the lateral plane. Consequently, there was a significant difference between EFF or EFL and EFB for these patients. In contrast, there was close agreement EEF and EFL for patients without transmural myocardial infarction or wall motion abnormalities. It is concluded that differences frequently occur between single and biplane EF in patients with ischaemic heart disease, especially if transmural myocardial infarction or wall motion abnormalities are present. Hence, accurate assessment of left ventricular performance is greatly facilitated by simultaneous or sequential biplane ventriculography.

Cardiac Output↗
PubMed1975

Coronary arteriographic study of mild angina.

The results of coronary arteriography, exercise, and pacing stress testing in 50 young patients with mild angina are analysed. There was a significant correlation between the results of stress tests and the secerity of disease. There were, however, patients with severe disease and negative tests. Fifty-six per cent of patients had disease which potentially could have been surgically treated. It is concluded that coronary arteriography is indicated in these patients with mild symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The activity of letrozole in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer and correlation with biological markers--a study of the National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group.

A multicenter phase II trial was conducted to define the activity of letrozole in postmenopausal women with recurrent or advanced endometrial carcinoma, who had no more than one prior line of progestins and never had chemotherapy (except adjuvant). Archival paraffin-embedded tumor samples were retrieved to determine the expression level of estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR), p53, HER-2, bcl-2 and PTEN protein, and phosphorylation status of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt). Thirty-two eligible patients were treated with letrozole at 2.5 mg daily continuously, of whom 10 (31%) had prior progestins. Of the 28 patients evaluated for response, one complete and two partial responses were noted; overall response was 9.4% (95% confidence interval 2-25%). Eleven patients had stable disease for a median duration of 6.7 months (range 3.7-19.3 months). Amongst 22 patients who had tumor blocks available, the proportion showing positive expression of the following markers includes: PgR (86%), ER (86%), PTEN (82%), phosphorylated PKB/Akt (59%), bcl-2 (45%), p53 (32%), and HER-2 (0%). None of these markers correlated with response to letrozole or disease progression. In conclusion, letrozole is well tolerated but has little overall activity in this cohort of women with endometrial cancer.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gestational age at intrauterine myelomeningocele repair does not influence the risk of prematurity.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of gestational age at the time of intrauterine myelomeningocele repair on the duration of pregnancy and the gestational age at the time of delivery. METHODS: This study is a retrospective chart review of the maternal and neonatal medical records of all infants undergoing intrauterine myelomeningocele repair at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. Birth weight, gestational age at the time of surgery and gestational age at the time of delivery were recorded. Infants were divided into 2 groups depending on gestational age at the time of surgery, either > or = 25 weeks' gestation (group 1) or < 25 weeks (group 2). Results were expressed as medians and interquartile ranges. Statistical analysis was done using the unpaired (2-sample) t test; p values < or = 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: Ninety-five infants were studied. Fifty-one infants were repaired after 25 weeks' gestation (group 1) at a median gestational age of 26.3 weeks (range 25.6-27.6). Their median gestational age at delivery was 34.4 weeks (range 32.6-35.3). Forty-four infants were repaired before 25 weeks' gestation (group 2). Surgery was done at a median gestational age of 23.6 weeks (range 22.4-24.5). The median gestational age at delivery was 34 weeks (range 31.6-35.3; p = 0.88). CONCLUSION: Early intrauterine myelomeningocele repair before 25 week's gestation does not decrease the gestational age at delivery when compared with repair after 25 weeks.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intrauterine myelomeningocele repair: effect on short-term complications of prematurity.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether short-term complications of prematurity are affected by intrauterine myelomeningocele repair. METHODS: Medical records of the first 100 infants undergoing intrauterine myelomeningocele repair (IUMR) at the Vanderbilt University Medical Center were reviewed. Infants born at <34 weeks' gestation were identified. Two controls were identified for each IUMR infant. Controls were matched for gestational age, sex, birth weight, antenatal steroids, and mode and month of delivery. Development of respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage, and chronic lung disease and days on ventilator and length of hospital stay were recorded. The results are expressed as mean values and ranges. Comparison of data between groups was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical data were compared using the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. p </= 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: One hundred infants underwent IUMR. Forty-four infants were born at <34 weeks of gestation. Complete data were available on 37 infants. Seventy-four matched controls were studied. Eleven infants from the IUMR group and 23 infants from the control group developed respiratory distress syndrome (29.7 vs. 31.1%; p = 0.8). Six infants from the IUMR group and 13 infants from the control group developed chronic lung disease (16.2 vs. 17.5%; p = 0.9). The length of stay was 28 (range 2-82) days for the IUMR group and 24 (range 1-99) days (p = 0.09) for the control group. There was also no significant difference between groups with regard to intraventricular hemorrhage and days on ventilators. CONCLUSION: There is no difference between short-term complications of prematurity following IUMR and those associated with prematurity resulting from other causes.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation between ultrasound imaging and mechanical and physical properties of lengthened bone: an experimental study in a canine model.

The right tibias of 16 adult mongrel dogs were lengthened 2.5 cm using a uniplanar lengthening device (Orthofix). After the animals were killed in groups of 4 at 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks postlengthening, ultrasound imaging and mechanical and physical testing was performed. There was a direct relationship between the percentage of intact cortices on ultrasound imaging and the mechanical and physical properties of lengthened bone. However, once 80-90% of all the cortices regained their continuity, the strength of the lengthened bone was only 50-60% that of the control. Ultrasound imaging, therefore, may be useful in predicting the mechanical and physical properties of lengthened bone in the early phases of limb lengthening. Once all the cortices become continuous, however, another method for assessment of the mechanical properties of lengthened bone should be used.

Animals↗