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Biomedical subjects

W W Scott

Publications and source records attributed to W W Scott.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Clinical significance of serum acid phosphatase levels in advanced prostatic carcinoma.

This cooperative study was sponsored by the National Prostatic Cancer Project to determine the usefulness of serum acid phosphatase levels as a predictive indicator with regard to performance status, sites of metastases, response to treatment, and survival in patients with advanced prostatic carcinoma. The results indicate that survival was significantly shorter for those patients who had elevation of thier on-study (pretreatment) total serum acid phosphatase ler cent reduction of primary tumor mass, relief of pain, and acid phosphatase activity. No correlation could be demonstrated between serum acid phosphatase and performance status, site of metastases, and other criteria of response to therapy. It is concluded that this test as currently determined spectrophotometrically at this stage of disease and if employed alone is not sufficient to allow for total evaluation of the response of therapy. It is, however, helpful when used in correlation with the previously mentioned positive factors.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

Prostatic carcinoma. relationship between primary tumor, histologic grade, and response to chemotherapy.

This National Cooperative Study has randomly compared the usefulness of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) and standard therapy in patients with advanced carcinoma of the prostate (Stage D). All patients studied were endocrine failures and were in progression. Favorable responses were seen with all three treatments regardless of histologic grade. Actual tumor regression occurred only in patients who received either 5-FU or cyclophosphamide. In patients with poorly differentiated or anaplastic tumors treated with cyclophosphamide, progression of disease was significantly less rapid than in patients treated with 5-FU or standard therapy. However, favorable responders could not always be identified in advance on the basis of histologic grade alone.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1976

The continued evaluation of the effects of chemotherapy in patients with advanced carcinoma of the prostate.

The response and duration of survival were evaluated for patients with stage D relapsing prostatic cancer who were randomized to cyclophosphamide (cytoxan), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or standard therapy, or to subsequent chemotherapies. The chemotherapies on initial randomization were superior to the standard therapy in the number of responders and duration of response. Survival was longer for responders (stable or partial regression) on chemotherapy by comparison to responders (stable only) on standard therapy. The survival for patients receiving initial and crossover chemotherapy was significantly improved for patients who responded to therapy. Chemotherapy of advanced relapsing stage D prostatic cancer is more beneficially treated by specific chemotherapy as shown in this randomized study.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Diagnosis and pathophysiology of paradoxical embolism.

Three cases of paradoxical embolism are presented. Although most systemic emboli originate in the heart, detection of other sources is aided by venography of the lower extremities, indocyanine green-dye curve studies of the inferior vena cava, obtaining right heart pressures, oximetry, and pulmonary angiography. Forty per cent of 55 patients reviewed had repeat episodes of systemic embolism and 2 of the 3 proved cases of paradoxical embolism had repeat episodes. Prolonged anticoagulant therapy may prevent recurrence.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

The continued evaluation of the effects of chemotherapy in patients with advanced carcinoma of the prostate.

The response and duration of survival were evaluated for patients with stage D relapsing prostatic cancer who were randomized to cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan),5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or standard therapy, or to subsequent chemotherapies. The chemotherapies on initial randomization were superior to the standard therapy in the number of responders and duration of response. Survival was longer for responders (stable or partial regression) on chemotherapy by comparison to responders (stable only) on standard therapy. The survival for patients receiving initial and crossover chemotherapy was significantly improved for patients who responded to therapy. Chemotherapy of advanced relapsing stage D prostatic cancer is more beneficially treated by specific chemotherapy as shown in this randomized study.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Chemotherapy of advanced prostatic carcinoma with cyclophosphamide or 5-fluorouracil: results of first national randomized study.

The National Prostatic Cancer Project has randomized this study for endocrine-resistant prostatic cancer patients for treatment with standard hormonal or other therapies compared to 5-fluorouracil and cyclophosphamide. Both agents were found at the probability level of 0.05 to have a significant advantage over standard treatment in terms of objective response, subjective improvement and minimal toxicity. Additional chemotherapy protocols are currently under way. This randomized trial is the first report of such a national study completed to date. We are much encouraged by this program and believe that additional agents now under consideration will provide additionally encouraging results.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1975

Evaluation of a magnetic bladder pump for neurogenic bladders.

A new bladder pump prosthesis has been designed and evaluated in the normal dog bladder. This encompasses a magnetic pump located subcutaneously with internal silicone catheters from bladder to the urethra. The pump is powered from a hand-held activator which is magnetically coupled externally across the skin. This pump was evaluated in 12 dogs for an average of 65 days and provided adequate emptying of the bladder without alteration of the normal urinary tract or pump malfunction. The potential and limitations of this new approach are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Concepts and limitations in the application of radiolabeled antiandrogens, estrogens, or androgens as isotopic scanning agents for the prostate.

The distribution of labeled antiandrogens, estrogens, and androgens has been studied in the rat and dog to elucidate the principles and limitations encountered when these agents are used in radioscanning the prostate. The bulk of the label is rapidly cleared in the biliary secretions and in the urine. The concentration of label in the prostate in comparison to other tissues such as the intestines limits the application of these agents in radioscanning of the prostate. The tissue distributions were confirmed by total body radioscans of rats and dogs receiving a labeled 3'-iodinated analog of the antiandrogen flutamide (Sch 13521 or 3'-trifluoromethyl-4'-nitroisobutyranilide).

Anilides↗
PubMed1975

The effects of 5-fluorouracil on prostatic DNA synthesis.

A new animal model has been developed for studying the effects of nonhormonal drugs on the androgen-induced growth of the rat prostate. The antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil caused a 60 per cent reduction of the rate of prostatic DNA synthesis in androgen-stimulated castrate rats. This drug did not decrease the size of the prostate in normal intact animals and did not exhibit significant antiandrogenic activity. Its distribution is primarily in the acid-soluble fraction of the total prostatic homogenate.

Animals↗