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Biomedical subjects

W Vogel

Publications and source records attributed to W Vogel.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Monitoring studies of survivors of shock lung (ARDS). Correlation of radiology and lung function].

21 patients, who survived acute respiratory insufficiency following shock, are examined for residual pulmonary lesions. Retrospectively various parameters (f.e. blood gaz, radiological alterations) are analysed and correlated with results of a follow-up study (pulmonary function, chest films). Significant impairment of pulmonary functions could not be documented in a single patient. Roentgenologic late sequelae are seen only in two patients, which had a minor impairment of pulmonary function.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1983

[Mechanically processable bioactive glass ceramics--a new biomaterial for bone replacement. 1].

Anorganic materials as glass ceramics with their main crystal phase apatite can be used as biomaterial for the bone substitute. An interior compound between bioglass-ceramics implants and the bone was showed in animal experiments. The apatite crystals in the bioglass-ceramics produce obviously the start point for this fusion process. The shear strength of the compound is on average the eightfold of highly compact Al2O3 ceramics. The bioactive glass ceramics could solve possibly the problems of implant loosening and defect bridging-over. Mechanical processable bioactive ceramics was developed and tested with regard to these employment spheres.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Characterization of sister chromatid exchange induction by hydrogen peroxide.

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induces SCEs in V-79 Chinese hamster cells. The incorporation of BrdUrd sensitizes the cells to the action of H2O2, but damage leading to the formation of SCEs can also be induced in DNA not substitued with BrdUrd. Catalase leads to a complete reduction of the SCE-producing as well as the toxic effect. The amino acid L-cysteine does not reduce the H2O2-induced SCE-frequencies. The results yield information about the relevance of SCE investigations in vitro for the determination of DNA-damaging substances and about the effects of antimutagenic SH-compounds.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The effect of sulfhydryl compounds on sister-chromatid exchanges. II. The question of cell specificity and the role of H2O2.

In contrast with earlier reports on the induction of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) by SH compounds in cell lines of the Chinese hamster, cysteine, cysteamine and cystamine did not cause an increase of the SCE frequency in human lymphocyte cultures. Differences in the treatment protocols or variations of the BrdUrd concentration had no effect on the induction of SCEs by these substances. The inclusion of H2O2 and comparative investigations with V79 cells of the Chinese hamster showed that the probable reason for the SCE induction by SH compounds is the inability of the cells to degrade H2O2. Furthermore, for cystamine it became clear that additional effects must exist besides the induction of SCEs through H2O2. The present study underlines the fact that the examination of a substance within one cell system does not necessarily permit a reliable statement about the DNA-damaging property of this substance.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

A comparative investigation of the antimitotic action of 2-mercaptoethanol and colcemid on V-79 Chinese hamster cells.

The current study was performed to characterize the antimitotic action of 2-mercaptoethanol (MET) on mammalian cells. At concentrations of 2.5 x 10(-2) m, MET arrests V-79 Chinese hamster cells in metaphase. Smaller concentrations (from 5 x 10(-3) m) only produce a mitotic block after several hours, only arresting those mitoses which have gone through one cell cycle in the presence of MET. The accumulation of mitoses by MET is smaller in comparison with colcemid, explained by an effect reducing the number of cells which enter mitosis. In contrast to colcemid, MET-concentrations which do not lead to a mitotic block cause a delay in proliferation. It was shown, by means of the BUdR-labelling method that cells in the presence of colcemid concentrations which arrest mitosis again enter interphase and become polyploid, whereas MET leads to an irreversible arrest of mitosis and does not produce polyploidy in V-79 cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Status of occupancy and structure of homes, institutions and workshops for the handicapped-results of a survey in Baden-Württemberg].

Despite an increasing availability of smaller decentralized facilities, the main responsibility for provision of inpatient nursing and care of disabled persons continues to lie with the homes and institutions traditionally providing long-term services for disabled people. In Baden-Wuerttemberg, a total of 70 homes and institutions, which vary greatly in size and structure, as available, comprising a total of 10,457 places in their nursing and residential sections. By far the greatest portion of the existing places (78.5 percent) is provided by institutions catering people with mental retardation. The average utilisation of the places available in homes and institutions is 97.4 percent. Client population structure in the facilities for mentally retarded persons differs appreciably from that of other facilities. This applies in particular to client age and to the treatment and therapy the individual receives. According to a 1979-1980 survey, the waiting lists of the homes and institutions comprised 785 applications for admission of disabled persons among them 290 applications for urgent admission and 495 made for precautionary reasons. A total of 9,148 places are available in sheltered workshops in Baden-Wuerttemberg. Average utilisation is 92.2 percent. Workshop population structure is characterised by a high share of younger clients. Only few openings will therefore presumably contrast with a high number of applications for entry that are expected to be forth-coming The need for sheltered workshop places will therefore continue to rise over the years ahead.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Nosocomial infections in an operative intensive care unit. Results of a four year prospective study (author's transl)].

The average nosocomial infection rate during a four year prospective study period was found to be 26.4%. Most common hospital acquired infections were urinary tract infections, pneumonia, septicemia, infections of the skin and wound infections. The most common isolated organisms were: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Enterococci and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Infection control programs reduced the infection rate by 32%.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1981

Demonstration of sister chromatid differentiation in human amniotic fluid cells after partial synchronization of BrdU or dT surplus.

Protocols are compared demonstrating sister chromatid differentiation (SCD) in human amniotic fluid (AF) cells with and without partial synchronization. Partial synchronization both with an excess of 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and an excess of thymidine leads to an increase of metaphases with SCD. Compared with unsynchronized cells, the rate of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) is not increased. Studies on the late replicating X chromosome of female cells showed that the addition of mitomycin C (MMC) after releasing the thymidine block preferentially induces SCEs in late replicating regions. The partial synchronization with thymidine surplus provided a good basis for SCE experiments with AF cells and facilitates the prenatal diagnosis of diseases characterized by changes in the SCE rate.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1981

Changes in cognitive task performance across the menstrual cycle.

Menstrual-cycle-related changes in estrogen were expected to differentially affect various cognitive tests. Specifically, the estrogen peak occurring at midcycle in ovulatory women was expected to facilitate performance of highly practiced "automatized" tasks and to impair performance of "perceptual-restructuring" tasks, compared with performance of these tasks in the postovulatory phase of the cycle when progesterone is thought to counteract the action of estrogen. Perceptual-restructuring tasks are defined as tasks in which the initial percepts to obvious stimulus attributes are wrong and must be set aside in favor of percepts to less obvious stimulus attributes. Eight-seven regularly menstruating undergraduate women were studied. Odd-numbered subjects were tested first on or about Day 10 of their cycle and then again on Day 20; even-numbered subjects, in the reverse sequence. Daily basal body temperature records were obtained. These temperature records suggested that 21, or 24%, of the subjects did not ovulate in the cycle(s) studied. No main effect of Day 10 versus Day 20 occurred for any task in the 66 women who did appear to ovulate. However, the magnitude of predicted shifts in performance was significantly correlated with proximity of the "Day 10" testing day to the thermal nadir of the basal body temperature record, the presumed preovulatory estrogen peak; and to the "Day 20" proximity to the basal body temperature thermal peak, the presumed progesterone peak. Subjects tested 3 or fewer days before the thermal nadir and on or after the thermal peak had the predicted significant changes on three of the four administered tasks. No other temporally defined group produced significant changes. The results of the study support the experimental hypotheses and also indicate that precise timing is essential to demonstrate the phenomena.

Adult↗