Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to W V Adams.
Renal lesions were present in 34 (68%) of 50 armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus) collected for a survey of the prevalence of leptospires in Louisiana wildlife. The renal lesions were not associated with elevations in the renal function tests of blood urea nitrogen or serum creatinine or with consistent serologic or cultural evidence of leptospires.
Renal tissue from 100 striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) examined microscopically showed evidence of inflammation in 74% of the kidneys. Azotemia was present in 20% of the skunks that had severe renal lesions. The cause of inflammation is unknown, but leptospires were cultured from kidneys or urine of 55% of these skunks.
The mechanical transmission of equine infectious anemia (EIA) virus by Tabanus fuscicostatus was investigated. In 1 of 7 transmission trials, a single horsefly transmitted EIA virus from an acutely infected pony to a susceptible pony. Groups of horseflies isolated for 3, 10, or 30 minutes before refeeding transmitted EIA virus, whereas those isolated for 4 or 24 hours did not. Data from field studies indicate that the home range or flight distance of horseflies may exceed 4 miles. That information together with our observations suggest that segregation of infected horses (usually defined as at least 200 yards from susceptible horses) as a control measure for EIA may not be an adequate safeguard against transmission in areas where horseflies are numerous.
A tissue culture of Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus Say ovarian cells appeared to support the growth of equine infectious anemia (EIA) virus. Shetland ponies inoculated with 2nd, 7th, 9th, and 11th passages of mediums harvested from infected tissue culture had clinical signs of the disease and became EIA positive on 11, 19, 23, and 43 days after inoculation, respectively.
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