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Biomedical subjects

W Urdl

Publications and source records attributed to W Urdl.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[The psychosocial background of sterile patients].

The psychosocial background of 300 childless couples from the Infertility Clinic of the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Graz, was evaluated by means of a questionnaire and statistical analysis of data from their files. Points of special interest were problems such as interactions of the couple, motivations for the desire of children, psychosomatics, andrological investigation within the gynecological department, sexual habits and motivation and compliance concerning investigations and treatment. 72% of the questionnaires were returned. 50% of the sterile couples preferred to attend the infertility clinic together. 26% felt restrictions in their sexual behaviour due to the unrealized desire of children, 48% expected improvements in their partnership if they could have children. Compliance of male partners concerning the regular intake of prescribed medicaments was 83%, 63% accepted to stop smoking in cases of pathospermia.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Lack of HLA class I and class II antigens on human preimplantation embryos.

The expression of HLA Ag on polyploid early human embryonic stages, obtained in an in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer program, was investigated by indirect immunofluorescence tests using a panel of mAb. Neither HLA class I Ag, beta 2-microglobulin, nor HLA class II molecules could be detected on blastomers. The zona pellucida also lacked these Ag, but granulosa cells expressed HLA class I Ag, beta 2-microglobulin, and HLA class II Ag. These results make it likely that the absence of HLA Ag is one of the mechanisms involved in protecting the implanting embryo from rejection by the immunocompetent mother.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Polycystic ovarian disease: endocrinological parameters with specific reference to growth hormone and somatomedin-C.

Thirty-three women (22-38 years old) with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) were included in this study. The criteria for diagnosis were: an LH/FSH ratio greater than 2.0; polycystic ovaries, diagnosed by means of palpation and ultrasound; androgenism and menstrual cycle abnormalities. Using endocrine parameters, we attempted to define distinct forms of PCOD. The patients were placed in three groups according to serum levels of testosterone (T) and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17 alpha OHP) and the estrone/androstendione (E1/delta 4A) ratio. Patients in group I (n = 18) had an elevated T level (greater than 1.0 ng/ml) and a 17 alpha OHP level under 4.0 ng/ml. This type of POCD was called the "androgen" type. Patients in group II (n = 7) had normal T- and 17 alpha OHP levels under 4.0 ng/ml and an elevated (E1/delta 4A) ratio. This type of PCOD was called the "estrogen" type. Group III (n = 8) comprised patients with 17 alpha OHP levels over 4.0 ng/ml. This type of PCOD was called the "adrenocortical" type. In two patients of this group, a modified ACTH test revealed late-onset congenital hyperplasia. The endocrine parameters of the patients with PCOD were compared with those of 17 adult without signs of PCOD. Statistical evaluation was done by variance analysis. Women with acromegaly often show signs of androgenism as well as menstrual cycle abnormalities. This may indicate an association between the growth factors human growth hormone (HGH) and somatomedin-C (Sm-C) and the biosynthese and metabolism of steroid hormone. Recent experiments have demonstrated such associations. Our study showed an association between the HGH and Sm-C levels and abnormal steroid hormone concentrations in women with androgen type PCOD (group I). These patients had a significantly decreased HGH level, a significantly decreased HGH/Sm-C ratio, and an increased average Sm-C level. These data suggest that elevated Sm-C levels can, by a negative-feedback mechanism, inhibit pituitary HGH production. We discuss the possible mechanisms causing elevation of plasma Sm-C, HGH, steroid hormones, excessive food intake, and possibly prolactin seem responsible for the clinical manifestation of increased Sm-C production in adolescence and for its level in the fertile years of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The importance of an early diagnosis of fertilization disorders.

Typical possibilities of abnormal development in human oocytes cultured and fertilized in vitro were studied using phase-contrast microscopy. All oocytes were checked three times for maturity, fertilization and embryo development. A total of 180 non-cleaved oocytes and 30 embryos originating from polypronuclear oocytes are described. It is concluded that an exact inspection at the fertilization check is essential to avoid the transfer of abnormally developing oocytes and embryos.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1987

The predictive value of a combination of tumor markers in monitoring patients with ovarian cancer.

To evaluate the predictive value of the serial determination of various tumor markers, we measured carcinoembryonic antigen, ferritin, cancer antigen 125, and tissue polypeptide antigen in 109 patients with ovarian cancer before surgery, during postoperative chemotherapy, and follow-up. From these patients two groups were randomly selected. Group 1 (30 patients) had a favorable course, and Group 2 (30 patients) had an unfavorable course. Using the discriminant analysis we calculated a linear discriminant function and a cut-off score. The two groups were thereby separated according to their scores (characteristic values) from their marker values. The scores accurately reflected the clinical course in 55 of the 60 patients (91.7%). This discriminant function was then used to make a prognosis in 49 patients. In 21 patients an elevated characteristic value (greater than or equal to cut-off score) indicated disease progression 5 months before clinical confirmation was possible. The remaining 28 patients scored below the cut-off point. From six to 65 months (mean, 26.2) after surgery all are free of recurrence. It is concluded that invasive procedures, second-look laparotomy, for instance, may not be necessary in following up ovarian cancer patients with normal tumor marker profiles.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Lack of expression of HLA [corrected] class I and class II molecules on the human oocyte.

The expression of histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and class II antigens on human oocytes was investigated by the indirect immunofluorescence assay using well-defined monoclonal antibodies. Oocytes were obtained from an in vitro fertilization program or were studied on frozen sections from human ovaries. Neither HLA class I, beta 2-microglobulin, nor HLA class II molecules were detected on cultured oocytes or frozen sections. The zona pellucida also lacked these antigens, but granulosa cells expressed HLA class I molecules. Our results also indicate the presence of certain types of class II molecules on granulosa cells. The present experiments demonstrate that the human oocyte belongs to those few cell types in the human body which are devoid of both types of HLA molecules.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

[Selective venous catheterization in the evaluation of androgenism].

In cases of rapidly increasing androgenism, virilism and androgenetic cycle disturbances it is essential to exclude the presence of an androgen-producing tumour. Serum levels of testosterone above 1.5 ng/ml and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate values above 6700 ng/ml are suggestive of tumour. Functional tests, laparoscopy and imaging modalities are often less efficient. Selective vein catheterisation enables the diagnosis and localisation of such hormone-producing neoplasms (Kirschner and Jacobs, 1971). This paper presents the case report of the diagnosis of a Leyding cell tumour of the right ovary by means of selective vein catheterisation. The tumour was not palpable and had not been detected on laparoscopy. The procedure is extensively described and discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Value of laboratory parameters in androgenization in the female with special reference to the "free androgen index"].

The degree of androgynism (A) in women can be assessed via clinical data and by determining the levels of testosterone (T), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and testosterone binding globulin (TBG) in the blood. The determination of the "free androgen index" (FAI), the ratio of total T and TBG, helpful in estimating the level of free T in serum, conveys valuable additional information: in case of FAI below 1, a mild kind of A without elevation of free testosterone can be assumed. However, severe A with elevation of free testosterone and absolute hyperandrogynism is associated with FAI values above 1. In 63 women with signs of A the parameters mentioned above and the FAI were used to determine the degree of severity of A. These data were compared with the corresponding data of a control group. It could be shown that in women whose A was due to idiopathic hirsutism the increased level of bonded T played a causal role. The mean FAI in this group was 0.41. In contrast, in women with POC syndrome and androgynous cycle disturbances, the absolute hyperandrogynism with elevation of free T levels predominated. In these groups the mean FAI was above 1. However, women with male pattern bolding as single sign of A did not exhibit any significant difference in comparison to the control group. In this disease, the increased response of androgen receptors in the skin despite normal androgen levels seems to play a causal role. Two cases of androgen producing ovarial tumours and one case of adrenogenital syndrome were analysed separately.

Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital↗
PubMed1986

Evaluation of sperm motility by laser--Doppler-spectroscopy in an in-vitro fertilization programme.

Laser-Doppler-spectroscopy represents a new, fast and reliable technical method for the assessment of several parameters of sperm motility including the percentage of spermatozoa which are motile, and mean spermatozoal velocity. Serial measurements of these parameters in routine andrological work permit standards for four main spermiogram diagnoses to be established. Laser-Doppler-spectroscopy was used to verify alterations in the motility of spermatozoa after capacitation in an in-vitro fertilization programme. An enhancement of 16% for total sperm motility and 36% for mean spermatozoal velocity could be observed. The results of in-vitro fertilization after various spermigram diagnoses, combined with long-term observations of mean spermatozoal velocity, may be considered as another step towards the elucidation of sperm-oocyte interactions. Comparisons between the development of embryos revealed significant differences between normo- and asthenozoospermic men versus oligozoospermic patients.

Fertilization in Vitro↗
PubMed1985

[The pulsatile administration of releasing hormone (GnRH) for the treatment of hypothalamic amenorrhea].

12 women with hypothalamic amenorrhoea (degrees II to IIIb) were given pulsatile releasing hormone in 14 treatment cycles. The minipump "Zyklomat" (Ferring Ges.m.b.H., Kiel) with a treatment set giving 0.8 mg LH-RH was used in all cases. In 86% (12 out of 14) of the treated cycles ovulation was recorded. 3 out of 8 women who desired a baby became pregnant. 1 of these pregnancies followed directly on a treatment cycle whilst the other 2 pregnancies resulted from spontaneous biphasic cycles following the treatment cycle. In 4 women pulsatile releasing hormone was used to examine the functional reaction of the pituitary gland and the ovary. In this group 1 spontaneous biphasic cycle was seen following the induced ovulatory cycle.

Adult↗