[Spontaneous evolution of acute retinopathy in premature infants].
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Acute Disease↗
Biomedical subjects
W Tasman
Publications and source records attributed to W Tasman.
Coats' disease. Evaluation of management.
Forty-one patients representing 43 eyes with retinal telangiectasia and subretinal exudates (Coats' Disease) were managed between 1966 and 1980. Thirty-three eyes in 31 patients between 4 and 45 years of age had an average of two quadrants involved with telangiectasia. Of four untreated eyes, three deteriorated and one stabilized. In contrast, of 29 eyes treated with cryotherapy or photocoagulation, eight deteriorated, 15 stabilized, and six improved. Ten patients in the series were under 4 years of age and had more severe disease than older patients. On the average three quadrants were involved with telangiectasia and subretinal exudate. Three untreated eyes rapidly progressed to total retinal detachment with glaucoma. The seven treated children required frequent assessment and repeated treatment. Of these, one stabilized but had no light perception, and the remaining six improved. The authors stress that the disease can be controlled with aggressive treatment. Their treatment methods are described.
Adolescent↗
Intraocular irrigating solutions for pars plana vitrectomy. A prospective, randomized, double-blind study.
A prospective, randomized, double-blind study showed that glutathione-bicarbonate-Ringer's solution (BSS Plus) caused significantly less corneal swelling on the first postoperative day after pars plana vitrectomy than did lactated Ringer's solution. By the seventh postoperative day, no difference was seen between the two solutions. We found no correlation between the increase in corneal thickness and either the duration of intraocular irrigation or the volume of solution used or the presence or absence of the lens. No persistent corneal complications were seen.
Adolescent↗
Using a bandage contact lens to prevent recurrent corneal erosion during photocoagulation in patients with diabetes.
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Adult↗
Variations of vitelliform macular degeneration.
In this study, 33 patients with proven vitelliform macular degeneration were examined. 3 of the 33 (9%) had multiple extrafoveal lesions rather than the typical macular changes. In addition, hyperopia of more than 3 dptr was present in 44% of patients and the condition was noted to produce vision of less than 20/50 in one eye in 40% of cases, indicating that vitelliform patients often are not legally blind.
Adolescent↗
Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy.
Fifteen patients in three families with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy were examined and followed. Eleven of the 15 (73%) were asymptomatic and showed only peripheral non-vascularization of the peripheral temporal retina. An acute proliferative form resembling acute retrolental fibroplasia was characterized by dragging of the retina to the temporal side and subretinal exudation which developed in children between the ages of birth and ten years. The acute proliferative changes in pediatric patients typically occurred asymmetrically, with one eye remaining asymptomatic or less severely affected while the other eye progressed to severe temporal dragging of the retina, subretinal exudation, and retinal detachment.
Adolescent↗
Effects of argon laser photocoagulation on rubeosis iridis and angle neovascularization.
Of 93 eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy treated by argon laser panretinal photocoagulation, two (2.2%) developed rubeosis. The incidence of rubeosis in five xenon-treated eyes was one (1.9%) and in an untreated group of 52 eyes, two (3.8%) developed rubeosis. The incidence of rubeosis in central retinal vein occlusion demonstrating retinal ischemia on fluorescein angiography was 60%, while in patients with central retinal vein occlusion and good capillary perfusion, the incidence of rubeosis only 1%. Panretinal photocoagulation was more effective in controlling rubeosis in diabetics than in patients with central retinal vein occlusion.
Argon↗
Posterior scleritis. A cause of diagnostic confusion.
The referring diagnoses in seven women with posterior scleritis included intraocular neoplasm, retrobulbar tumor, choroiditis, and idiopathic central serous choroidopathy. In all cases, a localized area of intense posterior scleritis was responsible for the misdiagnosed ocular findings. Features that helped to correctly identify posterior scleritis were as follows: female sex; a history of anterior scleritis; a fundus mass the same color as normal adjacent pigment epithelium; choroidal folds; serous retinal detachment with cloudy fluid; early pinpoint leaking spots from fluorescein angiography; and thickening of the posterior coats of the eye, retrobulbar edema, and high internal reflectivity on ultrasonography. Corticosteroids given for retrobulbar or systemic effect provided effective treatment.
Adult↗
Late complications of retrolental fibroplasia.
A modified classification of cicatricial RLF has been presented. Particular emphasis is placed on myopia, one of the hallmarks of grade i cicatricial RLF. Whether or not this is axial myopia is still open to question, but since the more myopic eye was usually longer by ultrasonic measurement than the less myopic eye, actual enlargement of the eye must play some role. Other features noted in grade I RLF were retinal pigmentation, vitreous membranes, and equatorial retinal folds. In grade II the most significant finding was dragging of the retina. It was noted that in all cases of dragging of the retina there were also peripheral retinal changes. Even more important, however, was the fact that peripheral retinal changes are often present when there are no changes in the posterior pole. Neovascularization, elevated retinal vessels, lattice degeneration, and retinal breaks were other features of grade II retinopathy. Significant was the fact that the incidence of lattice in patients with cicatricial RLF (15%) was more than twice that of the normal population. Grade III RLF was characterized by falciform retinal folds, and grade IV, by retinal detachment. Thirty-nine retinal detachments were rhegmatogenous and usually had temporal retinal breaks. Retinal detachments of a tractional exudative variety (14 eyes) tended to occur earlier in life than the rhegmatogenous variety. In infants, they were preceded by increased tortuosity of the vessels in the posterior pole and, sometimes, accumulation of exudation, both ominous prognostic signs.
Adolescent↗
Pseudophakic retinal detachment.
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Humans↗
Diabetic vitreous hemorrhage and its relationship to hypoglycemia.
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Blood Glucose↗
Solar retinitis after minimal exposure.
Solar retinitis after prolonged or purposeful exposure to the sun has been reported many times. In this study, three patients were seen with the clinical diagnosis of solar retinitis but without an initial compatible history. Previously, such persons have frequently been categorized as having foveomacular retinitis. In this study, careful follow-up history was obtained in an attempt to find an origin for the condition of the patients. Evidence for very brief, high-intensity, and long-term low-intensity exposure to the sun's radiant energy was substantiated. Theoretical consideration was made of the mechanisms by which this type of exposure produced retinal damage.
Adolescent↗
Juvenile rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
Between Jan 1, 1966, and June 30, 1974, 179 children, birth through 16 years of age with rhegmatogenous retinal detachments, underwent scleralbuckling procedures at Wills Eye Hospital. The detachments were associated most frequently with trauma (44%), myopia (15%), aphakia (10%), and retinopathy of prematurity (8%). Successful reattachment was achieved in 80% of the cases. Vision of 20/100 or better was present in 22% preoperatively and 58% postoperatively.
Adolescent↗
Ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of juvenile retinal detachment.
495 ultrasonograms were performed on children with intraocular pathology. In this report 66 eyes with juvenile retinal detachment are reviewed and exemplary cases are presented. The most common indications for ultrasound in eyes with juvenile retinal detachment were opaque media due to trauma first and leucocoria second.
Adolescent↗
Simultaneous bacterial endophthalmitis and sympathetic uveitis after retinal detachment surgery.
In a 66-year-old white woman suppurative endophthalmitis and sympathetic uveitis developed simultaneously about eight months after conventional repair of a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Histopathologic findings included vitreous abscess with probable staphylococcus organisms, total retinal detechment and diffuse chronic choroiditis with granulomatous foci, typical of sympathetic uveitis.
Aged↗
Retinal detachment in retrolental fibroplasia.
Retrolental fibroplasia is a continuing problem in ophthalmology and may lead to retinal detachment. In this study, two groups of patients with retrolental fibroplasia and retinal detachment are described. The first group consists of youngsters who develop retinal detachment during their teenage years and frequently have not been diagnosed as having the disease until the retina detaches. Usually definite retinal breaks can be found near the equator and these are round or oval in appearance and without opercula. A second group of patients was noted to develop retinal detachment at an earlier age. The configuration of these detachments suggested a rhegmatogenous etiology, but retinal breaks were hard to detect because the peripheral retina was frequently obscured by a membrane or cataract. Additional evidence to support this opinion was provided when a small retinal hole was identified in one youngster whose ora could be easily seen. Because of the progressive nature of vitreoretinal adhesion in retrolental fibroplasia, it is advocated that youngsters with any evidence of retrolental fibroplasia at the time of discharge from the premature nursery be followed at one month, three months, and six months of age and at four-month intervals thereafter until the age of four years. If no difficulty develops by the time, yearly examinations suffice. Follow-up examinations are important because when prompt diagnosis of retinal detachment is made, the involved eye can often be salvaged with surgery.
Adolescent↗