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Biomedical subjects

W T Hall

Publications and source records attributed to W T Hall.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1968

Characteristics of and relationship between C particles and intracisternal A particles in cloned cell strains.

Four murine tissue culture cell strains, which originated by cloning from one common cell of subcutaneous connective tissue origin, were examined for the presence of virus by electron microscopy and complement fixation techniques. The relative distribution of C particles and intracisternal A particles was determined. Thereafter, the characteristics of and relationship between A- and C-type particles were investigated. Cell extracts were passaged onto virus-free Swiss and C3Hf mouse embryo tissue cultures; CF and EM tests were again made to investigate the infective capacities of the various particle types. Although C particles were found in passage cultures exposed to extracts from the C particle-bearing strains, no A particles were found in any passage culture. These results indicate that the intracisternal A particle was neither infective nor developmentally associated with the C particle. A positive CF test was correlated with the presence of morphologically detectable C particles and was independent of the concentration of A particles.

Animals↗
PubMed1967

Virus particles and murine leukemia virus complement-fixing antigen in neoplastic and nonneoplastic cell lines.

Twenty-seven lines of murine tissue cultures derived from 12 different cell pools and grown on various media were examined with the electron microscope for morphologically detectable virus particles. They were also tested for complement-fixing mouse leukemia virus antigens and for recoverable virus. A 100-percent correlation between results obtained by these two methods is reported. An additional 19 lines from 8 different cell pools were examined for either virus particles or complement-fixing antigens. All lines were assayed for neoplastic transformation. Seven cell pools gave rise to lines showing evidence of contamination with leukemia virus. Since most of these lines had also undergone "spontaneous" neoplastic transformation in vitro, this virus cannot be excluded as a possible cause of the neoplastic change, or of influencing it. The remaining cell pools gave rise to lines with no evidence of contamination with leukemia virus;but most of these lines also underwent similar transformation. These results suggest that "spontaneous" neoplastic transformation can occur in the absence of detectable mouse leukemia virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1967

In vitro and in vivo observations on a murine C-type virus.

From 40 discrete mouse tissue culture cell lines examined by electron microscopy or complement fixation, or both, for the presence of detectable virus, one (NCTC 4705), initiated and maintained on chemically defined medium, was chosen for a more extensive study. Virus-like particles (100 to 110 mmu), morphologically similar to previously reported immature and mature C-type leukemia virus particles, were found budding from the plasma membrane and free in the intracellular spaces of cells in tissue culture and in fibrosarcomas resulting from intramuscular implants of these tissue cultures. Complement-fixation tests for group reactive murine leukemia antigens were positive, with titers consistently higher to a broadly reactive anti-serum than to anti-Friend, anti-Moloney, or anti-Rauscher sera. The 4705 virus was neutralized by Gross antiserum, but not by the F-M-R antisera. When injected into DD, BALB/c, or C3H/He newborn mice, the virus thus far has manifested no leukemogenicity, though virus from tumor extracts and tissue culture medium has been shown to be capable of infecting C3H and Swiss mouse embryo tissue cultures and successfully replicating in them. The role of the virus in accelerating or inducing neoplastic transformation in NCTC 4705 is still not known. When it was introduced into NCTC [ill], a non-neoplastic cell line in other respects similar to NCTC 4705, 4823 manifested no signs of neoplastic transformation after harboring the virus more than 300 days in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1965

Identity of the filterable hemolytic anemia agent of Sacks with Haemobartonella muris.

Moore, D. H. (The Rockefeller University, New York, N. Y.), R. N. Arison, H. Tanaka, W. T. Hall, and M. Chanowitz. Identity of the filterable hemolytic anemia agent of Sacks with Haemobartonella muris. J. Bacteriol. 90:1669-1674. 1965.-In 1960 a new hemolytic agent in rats was reported. It was thought to be a filterable, nonsedimentable, replicating infectious agent, different from Haemobartonella muris. Rats which recovered from the infection developed a resistance to several kinds of transplantable tumors. It is here shown that this agent has the same properties as those reported in the literature and reconfirmed by us for H. muris. The size of the agent is approximately 500 mmu as determined by correlating bioactivity with Gradocol membrane filtrates and fractions from a diffusion cell, and its density is about midway between that of whole serum and distilled water (approximately 1.020) as determined by the sedimentation of bioactivity in an ultracentrifuge. Diffusion at 30 C indicated a lack of motility by the agent bodies. Rats were found to be protected against infection with the agent by daily administration of chlortetracycline and by prior infection with H. muris. The agent bodies were indistinguishable from H. muris in both the light and the electron microscope.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗
PubMed1965

Fine structure of Haemobartonella muris as compared with Eperythrozoon coccoides and Mycoplasma pulmonis.

Tanaka, H. (The Rockefeller University, New York, N.Y.), W. T. Hall, J. B. Sheffield, and D. H. Moore. Fine structure of Haemobartonella muris as compared with Eperythrozoon coccoides and Mycoplasma pulmonis. J. Bacteriol. 90:1735-1749. 1965.-Thin sections of filterable hemolytic anemia agent of rat, now identified as Haemobartonella muris, revealed (i) that the agent is spherical or ellipsoidal and 350 to 700 mmu in size, (ii) that it has a single limiting membrane enclosing granules and some filaments (neither cell wall nor nucleoid was found), and (iii) that it is found preferentially at the surface and sometimes within the cytoplasmic vacuoles of erythrocytes in the circulating blood and bone marrow, and multiplies there through binary fission. No specific structure suggestive of motility was found. From the morphological point of view, Eperythrozoon coccoides was found to be very similar to H. muris, whereas Mycoplasma pulmonis, also covered with a single limiting membrane, differs in its pleomorphism and multiplication. These and some other microorganisms taxonomically between bacteria and viruses were compared morphologically, and their possible classification is discussed.

Animals↗