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Biomedical subjects

W Steinbrich

Publications and source records attributed to W Steinbrich.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Diagnosis of intracerebral aneurysms].

Even today intracerebral aneurysms are a diagnostic challenge. CT is still the method of choice in the acute phase of subarachnoid haemorrhage. In later stages potential results of aneurysmal bleeding like oedema and infarction are better detected by MRI. Selective arteriography remains an obligatory element of radiologic diagnosis preoperatively and in cases of possible interventional proceedings. A synthesis of all methods ensures high diagnostic accuracy.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1988

[Diagnosis of recurrent rectal cancer: Comparison of CT and MR].

For the assessment of local recurrence after surgical treatment of rectal carcinoma the results of MR and CT examinations in 29 patients were analyzed. Diagnosis was confirmed by surgery, by multiple biopsies and by follow-up examinations. CT yielded in only 11 cases clearly positive or negative findings. There were 4 false positive and 2 false negative results; in 12 cases the diagnosis remained uncertain. On the other hand, a clear differentiation was possible by MR in 23 cases with characteristically prolonged T2 in recurrent tumour and low signal intensities in fibrosis. Difficulties in differentiation were found only in early fibrotic reactions after surgery, inflammation or radiotherapy and in rare fibrotic tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Recurrent rectal cancer: diagnosis with MR imaging versus CT.

During an 18-month period, a prospective study comparing the findings at computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was conducted on 35 patients who satisfied the following criteria: prior surgery for rectal cancer (11 curative resections, 24 rectal amputations), perineal pain and/or elevated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, and a soft-tissue mass in the presacral fossa demonstrated at CT. Twenty-two patients had tumor recurrence; 13 patients had only inflammatory changes or radiation fibrosis. At a single examination of each patient (with no reference to prior baseline studies), MR imaging was more accurate than CT, largely because MR imaging was more successful in the distinction of recurrence from fibrosis based on the differences in signal intensity on T2-weighted images.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Early and late results of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of renal artery stenoses].

The initial and long-term results of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of renal artery stenoses are reported. In 4 out of 73 (5.5%) patients the angioplasty catheter could not be placed in the stenotic area. In 67 patients partial or complete dilatation of the segments treated was possible. Complications requiring therapy occurred in 12.3%. Most (80.3%) of the patients were discharged from hospital with completely corrected or improved hypertension. Cure or improvement was noted more often in patients with fibromuscular dysplasia, short history of hypertension, pathologic renin quotient, normal total hippuric acid clearance, or age under 40 years. On follow-up examination a mean of over 14 months after angioplasty 51.7% of the patients had normal blood pressure or less pronounced hypertension, while in 60.9% the total hippuric acid clearance had increased.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Roentgen morphology of the eburnated vertebral body--diagnostic and differential diagnostic problems].

1. Numerous diseases may become manifest as eburnated vertebral bodies, and hence the x-ray morphological sign of eburnation is an unspecific one. Isolated characteristics such as the involvement of one or several vertebrae, an intact vertebral space, a broadening of the paravertebral accompanying shadow, and the remaining radiological skeletal status enable narrowing down the differential diagnosis, although anamnesis and clinical findings will supply the main pointers. 2. In primary tumorous eburnations radiotherapy or chemotherapy will render an x-ray morphological assessment of therapeutic success impossible. 3. In primary diagnosis of an eburnated vertebral body it is possible to apply sonography, CT and MR as diagnostic tools step by step to narrow down the differential diagnosis by detecting or excluding pathological abdominal processes such as liver or lymphatic node metastases, paravertebral or intraspinal soft-part dense space-occupying growths or bone infiltration, but it will only rarely be possible to classify the phenomenon properly as being caused by a well-defined process, even if CT and MR are employed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Value of magnetic resonance tomography prior to surgery and irradiation of peripheral soft tissue tumors].

The experience with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 37 patients with peripheral soft tissue tumours and tumour-like lesions is reported. MRI proved to be a highly sensitive method in detecting soft tissue tumours. The main advantages of MRI compared to CT were the high contrast resolution of MRI and the multiplanar display. The anatomic setting of the soft parts tumour could be defined in most cases as either intracompartmental or extracompartmental. The relationship to the major neurovascular bundles and bone could be assessed accurately. Tumour-induced subtle periosteal reactions and cortical erosions are better defined with CT and plain film, especially. An imaging technique using small excitation angles, echoes produced by gradient inversion and extremely fast repetition times ("Fast Field Echo Imaging") is capable of producing MR images in only a few seconds acquisition time. Preliminary experience shows that soft tissue tumours can be evaluated with this rapid pulse sequence.

Chondroma↗
PubMed1987

[MR of the shoulder joint with surface coils at 1.5 tesla. Its anatomy and possible clinical use].

High spatial resolution magnetic resonance images of the shoulder were obtained in axial, sagittal and coronal orientations using a 1.5 T imaging system and anatomically shaped, wrap-around surface coils. Variations in scapular position induced by patient positioning change the relationship of the planes to the shoulder anatomy and make reproducibility of sagittal and coronal planes difficult. We, therefore, use--after axial orientation--image-oblique planes perpendicular and parallel to the glenoid fossa. In this manner MRI can visualise the anatomic structures of the shoulder including rotator cuff, long biceps tendon, articular capsule, articular cartilage, muscles and bones due to the high soft tissue contrast of MRI.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

[Definitions of pulse sequences and parameter weightings in the NMR tomogram].

Due to the different possibilities of image creation in MR tomography there is no clear terminology of pulse sequences and MR images. This paper tries to define the designation of pulse sequence parameters in a practical way and to specify the term "parameter weighting of MR images". Starting with general definitions, special definitions for CNS and liver are elaborated.

Central Nervous System↗
PubMed1987

[Experimental research and initial clinical experience with the fast field-echo sequence].

In the FFE-sequence the new parameter "flip angle" introduces, besides the possibility of fast MR-imaging, an increased variability of external MR parameters. Experimental studies in healthy volunteers and patient examinations were carried out to establish the most useful parameter combinations giving reasonable contrasts. Variation of external parameters allows a manipulation of image contrasts: using small flip angles in combination with longer TE good T2-weighted images can be achieved; large flip angles with short TR and TE produce a sufficient T1-weighting. In this way the FFE sequence proves to be a valuable method for rapid assessment of pathologic lesions.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1987

[Image-guided localized 31P NMR spectroscopy of the human brain at 1.5T].

Using a 1.5 Tesla whole body system, image-guided localized 31P NMR spectra of normal brain tissue and of various intracranial tumours have been obtained. The spectra of normal brain tissue were reproducible, although further studies are necessary to determine physiological variability. Compared with the normal spectrum, the spectra of tumours usually showed reduced intensity of the phosphocreatine peaks and increased intensity of the peaks of inorganic phosphate, of phosphodiesters and particularly phosphomonoesters. To our limited experience there has been no correlation between the spectra and tumour histology. In follow-up studies of brain tumours undergoing treatment by chemotherapy or radiotherapy 31P MR spectroscopy demonstrated metabolic changes at a time when 1H MR imaging did not show any changes in tumour size or structure. Further investigations have to be done in order to evaluate the usefulness of 31P MRS for detecting therapeutic response in follow-up studies.

Brain↗
PubMed1987

[CT cisternography in the diagnosis of nasal cerebrospinal fluid fistulas].

Four out of 12 patients with CT-cisternography were operated on. The CT findings were all confirmed at operation. In three patients with positive CT findings, the fistula was located at operation. In one case with negative CT findings, operation revealed no fistula either. Advantages of CT-cisternography are reliability of positive findings and the possibility of locating the fistula in some cases. The procedure bears relatively little risk and can be repeated.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea↗
PubMed1987

[Complications of intravenous digital subtraction angiography--results in 500 patients].

500 patients were studied respectively for complications of intravenous digital subtraction angiography (IV-DSA) performed with non-ionic contrast media, using a central venous injection technique. In 21 patients (4.2%) during or shortly after the procedure 23 systemic, 1 neurologic, and 7 local complications occurred. In addition 1 patient developed acute renal failure 26 hours after the IV-DSA, whereas 4 patients later showed on thromboses of the catheterised vein. No permanent neurologic or systemic complications and severe allergic reactions were seen.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1987

[Magnetic resonance tomography in acoustic neurinomas].

The possibilities of MR and CT were compared in respect of neurinomas of the acoustic nerve (n. acusticus). The comparison showed that MR detection of tumours in the posterior of the cranial cavity is the more sensitive method, especially in respect of neurinomas of the acoustic nerve, although CT enables the use of the small-level technique with or without the addition of a contrast substance, as well as the application of pneumocisternography. The sensitivity of MR can be increased further by adding a contrast medium. Whereas in diagnosis of extrameatal neurinomas of the n. acusticus, CT and MR are of equal value, MR shows substantial advantages over CT in the diagnosis of intrameatal tumours (without enlargement of the inner ear canal). The same holds true for very small tumours of up to 1 mm diameter, the visualisation of which is greatly facilitated by the multidimensional possibilities of MR and by the administration of a contrast medium.

Cerebellopontine Angle↗
PubMed1987

MRI of facial skeleton and parapharyngeal space.

The diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging is examined in relation to computed tomography on the basis of 66 patients, who had pathological processes in the midfacial and nasopharyngeal space. The high power of contrast resolution in imaging soft tissue masses and the direct multiplanar capability of magnetic resonance offer advantages over computed tomography in respect of space occupying lesions in the median and lower parts of the craniofacial skull. Lymph nodes of more than 1 cm. in diameter were detected by both modalities. A disadvantage is the poorer detectability of tumour conditioned bone destruction at the base of the skull. In such cases, computed tomography remains the method of choice.

Facial Bones↗
PubMed1986

Magnetic resonance imaging of primary tumours and tumour-like lesions of bone.

The experience with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 81 patients with primary bone tumours and tumour-like lesions is reported. MRI proved to be a sensitive method of detecting primary bone tumours. Intramedullary and extraosseous parts of bone tumours were delineated better than by plain films and computed tomography (CT). Surgical clips and Harrington rods did not appreciably limit the estimation of tumour recurrence. MRI provided definite advantages compared to CT in the surgical staging of bone tumours and tumour-like lesions. MRI was found to be an imaging method with low specificity. Differentiation of tissue components, such as haematoma, fat, necrosis, and cystic areas, led to a specific diagnosis only in rare cases. Plain films and CT were found to be superior to MRI in assessing the biological activity and the differential diagnosis of bone tumours and tumour-like lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Computed tomography in the differential diagnosis of the enlarged retrorectal space.

The value of computed tomography (CT) in the differentiation of an enlarged retrorectal space was analyzed in 132 cases. Classification of barium enema findings into those with simultaneous mucosal alterations and those without any visible lesions of the rectal mucosa seems to be useful. Computed tomography helps in those cases without mucosal changes to differentiate between retrorectal fibrosis, tumorous masses, and inflammatory diseases of the colon. It also demonstrates the lack of pathologic lesions in equivocal cases of pelvic lipomatosis and so-called "normal variants." If simultaneous mucosal involvement on barium enema--especially in rectal carcinoma or recurrent carcinoma of the rectum--is found, CT may show the perirectal extension of tumorous masses and thus help to clarify local operability.

Abscess↗
PubMed1986

[Initial experiences with nuclear spin tomography of bone diseases].

The results of MRT in 41 patients with bone diseases are reported. MRT proved to be a sensitive method in evaluating localised bone lesions. MR provided definite advantages in comparison with computed tomography and plain films in the determination of the intramedullary and extraosseous extent of circumscribed bone lesions. A better characterisation of the nature and histology of bone changes was not possible with MRT. Diffuse bone marrow disease are well demonstrable via MRT.

Adult↗