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Biomedical subjects

W Sommer

Publications and source records attributed to W Sommer.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Influence of vinpocetine on warfarin-induced inhibition of coagulation.

The influence of 14 days of concomitant vinpocetine administration on prothrombin time prolongation of single 25 mg doses of warfarin was investigated. Eighteen male subjects were included in the study. They received 25 mg warfarin the first day. Prothrombin time, warfarin plasma levels and factor VII coagulation time were monitored on days 1-5. Ten mg vinpocetine was administered from day 6 to 24. Another single dose of 25 mg of warfarin was given a second time on day 20. AUC values of prothrombin time, warfarin plasma level and factor VII clotting time curves and appropriate Cmax and tmax plasma levels of days 20-24 were compared with those of days 1-5. The confidence interval limits of the ratio of AUC20-24/AUC1-5 of prothrombin time curves were within the limits of 0.8 and 1.2, so that the formal criteria of equivalent biological activity were met. However, a minute influence probably without clinical implication is likely since both point estimate as well as confidence interval limits were below 1.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Cerebral blood flow during delirium tremens and related clinical states studied with xenon-133 inhalation tomography.

The regional cerebral blood flow of 12 patients with severe alcohol withdrawal reactions (delirium tremens or impending delirium tremens) was measured during the acute state before treatment and after recovery. Greater cerebral blood flow was significantly correlated with visual hallucinations and agitation during the acute withdrawal reaction. The results suggest that delirium tremens and related clinical states represent a type of acute brain syndrome mainly characterized by CNS hyperexcitability.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Cholescintigraphy and ultrasonography in patients suspected of having acute cholecystitis.

The diagnostic power of combined cholescintigraphy and ultrasonography was tested in 67 patients suspected of having acute cholecystitis; of these, 42 (63%) had acute cholecystitis. The predictive value of a positive scintigraphy (PVpos) was 95% and that of a negative (PVneg) was 91% (n = 67). The PVpos and PVneg of ultrasonography were 89% and 75%, respectively (n = 54), and these values did not achieve statistical significance when compared with those for scintigraphy. Inconclusive tests were 10% and 11%, respectively, but in no patient were both scintigraphy and ultrasonography inconclusive. PVpos and PVneg of combined scintigraphy and ultrasonography were 100% when the two test results were identical (n = 34). In patients with one test inconclusive or discrepancy between scintigraphy and ultrasonography, PVpos and PVneg were 79% and 67%, respectively (n = 20). The results suggest that in patients suspected of having acute cholecystitis cholescintigraphy should be the first diagnostic procedure performed. If the scintigraphy is positive, additional ultrasonographic detection of gallstones makes the diagnosis almost certain. If one diagnostic modality is inconclusive, the other makes a fair basis for diagnostic and therapeutic decision. In case of discrepancy between ultrasonography and scintigraphy the diagnosis should be reevaluated.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of hormonal peptides and their fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl derivatives.

Reference methods for the quantitation of peptide and protein hormones in blood are urgently needed and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is potentially applicable. Owing to the low concentrations of these substances in body fluids, very low detection limits have to be achieved. This can be done on the one hand by reducing the diameter of the separation column and increasing the number of theoretical plates, and on the other by derivatization. Angiotensin II was chosen as a model compound. Reduction of the inner diameter from 4 to 2 mm increased the peak height by a factor of 3.4 (theoretical value 4.0). The peptide was derivatized with 9-fluorenyl methylchloroformate in lithium carbonate-sodium hydrogencarbonate or sodium borate buffer at different pH values. The precision (coefficient of variation) was 10.4%, the linear range 1:40 (r = 0.998) and the detection limit 500 fmol of derivative on-column. The volume injected was 2 microliter. However, this is not sufficiently sensitive for the quantitation of most peptide hormones using an acceptable maximum specimen volume of 5 ml of serum or plasma.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1986

Spontaneous intracerebral haematomas. Clinical and computertomographic findings and long-term outcome after surgical treatment.

Fifty-four patients, aged 15 to 81 years had a spontaneous intracerebral haematoma surgically removed (51 patients) or had ventricular drainage. One-third had arterial hypertension. Two thirds were alert or drowsy preoperatively and two thirds presented with hemiparesis or decerebrate rigidity. Lobar haematomas constituted 72%, deep supratentorial constituted 21% and cerebellar haematomas 7%. Volume of the haematomas ranged from 10 to 205 ml. 10 patients died in the early postoperative phase and 8 patients died later. Among 36 survivors, 35 were evaluated 15-115 months postoperatively. 10 had resumed part of their earlier occupation. Another 12 were incapacitated and the remaining 13 patients needed nursing care. No patient was neurologically or neuropsychologically intact, but 19 had only slight disabilities. CT-changes at follow-up ranged from no abnormalities at all to low-density lesions, possibly associated with dilatation of a lateral ventricle or porencephaly depending on the size of the haematoma and possible ventricular penetration. Surgical evacuation of ICH is recommended in lobar or deep supratentorial haematomas exceeding 20 ml except in patients older than 60 already unconscious. Smaller haematomas with intraventricular extension may benefit from ventricular drainage or, in the fossa posterior, even from evacuation in case of increasing brain stem compression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Selective attention differentially affects brainstem auditory evoked potentials of electrodermal responders and nonresponders.

Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) were recorded in adult male chronic schizophrenics on maintenance neuroleptic therapy, drug-free alcoholics, and normal subjects. Subjects were subdivided into electrodermal responders (Rs) and nonresponders (NRs). Attention was directed toward auditory or visual stimuli. Independent of diagnosis, latencies of BAEP wave V were longer in NRs when visual rather than auditory stimuli were attended to, while there was no task effect for Rs. This finding is interpreted as a sign of excessive selective filtering of auditory stimuli in NRs. In the alcoholic NRs, wave I-V conduction times were longer than those in any other subgroup, possibly indicating retarded neural transmission.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Development of a tissue-equivalent plastic block for the sonographic diagnosis of regions near to the skin].

A very soft and homogeneous plastic material has been developed from polyvinyl chloride with acoustic properties similar to those of human tissue. During an evaluation period of nine months, the material has proved excellent for the sonographic investigation of subcutaneous tissue, even at high frequencies. Significant advantages of the new material as compared with previously available substances depend on its stability, low sound attenuation and absence of reverberations. In order to achieve these desirable properties, twenty plasticisers of different type and concentration were used and the resulting compounds examined for their acoustic properties.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

Treatment of hydrocele of the testis with aspiration and injection of tetracycline.

Ten males over the age of 60 with primary hydrocele of the testis were treated by aspiration and injection of tetracycline. Nine were cured and one patient had a small recurrence but was satisfied with the result. There were no cases of haematoma or infection. We recommend this method since it can be carried out as an out-patient procedure with minimal side effects and at low cost.

Aged↗