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Biomedical subjects

W Sixl

Publications and source records attributed to W Sixl.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Serological investigations of the hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) in Styria. 2. Report.

From 1975 to 1982 investigations of 64 hedgehogs for anthropozoonoses and infectious diseases were carried out in all regions of Styria, Austria. The serological investigations revealed positive results against rickettsiosis, (Q-fever and RMSF-groups antigen), (ornithosis, toxoplasmosis, listeriosis, against adenoviruses and herpesvirus). Other studies by NOSEK et al. (1967); TROGER et al. (1976); KAASERER et al. (1976) and STUNZNER et al. (1976) report on the hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) as indicator for the distribution of infectious diseases. The present study should help to clarify this indicator function in a FSME (tick-borne encephalitis) and Q-fever region, furthermore; hedgehog trails of up to 9 km could be traced with the help of identification markings. Tick species, Ixodes hexagonus and Ixodes ricinus were found in all forms on the hedgehog. Ixodes hexagonus populations were frequently found in hedgehog's nests; of the large number found 128 were female, 89 male and 296 nymphs.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Rare transmission mode of FSME (tick-borne encephalitis) by goat's milk.

An infection presumed to have been transmitted by raw cow's milk was reported in Southern Styria (Remschnig locality), furthermore an FSME infection was demonstrated in two patients as having been transmitted by raw goat's milk. Both patients (an elderly couple) had no left their house or garden and had nourished themselves mainly with goat's milk. Neither patient had evidence of tick bites. The goats were severely parasitized with Ixodes ricinus; the place of dwelling lies in an FSME-natural foci region.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Incidence of Coxiella burnetii and Rickettsiae from the RMSF group in the sub-Alpine region in Austria].

Investigations were carried out on small mammals to determine further distribution of Coxiella burnetii and Rickettsia RMSF-group in the Alpine and sub-Alpine regions. In altitudes of 1,200-2,400 m antibodies against Clethrionomys glareolus, Apodemus flavicollis, Sorex alpinus, Sorex minutus and Microtus agrestis were demonstrated. These findings emphasize that in the entire Alpine and sub-Alpine regions of Austria the occurrence of C. burnetii and RMSF-group rickettsia is to be expected.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Endoparasites in game animals and the interaction with cattle].

In a study carried out over several years the interactions of the mutual ground of cattle and game, in particular the roe-deer is discussed. For the investigations and observations 3 different regions situated in low, middle and sub-Alpine altitudes were selected. The question of winter feeding and parasite control is also discussed and the changed situation for game in nature with regard to the economic factor of hunting and game.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1989

Lead, cadmium, mercury and insecticide residue control of fresh vegetables.

Comparative investigations were carried out for heavy metals and heptenophos the sole used insecticide in used water, soil samples and harvest vegetables of a fresh cultivation region and of supplies of large plants. If one compares the recommended levels given with the levels found in the different types of vegetables investigated (cucumber, green pepper, tomatoes) then the values found lie far below the recommended levels.

Cadmium↗
PubMed1989

Results of serological examination for leptospirosis of domestic and wild animals in the Upper Nile province (Sudan).

195 domestic and 766 wild animals were serologically examined for leptospirosis. Cattle was found to be positive at titres 1 greater than or equal to 400 in 63.5%, namely 50.6% for Tarassovi, 17.1% for Sejroe-Hebdomadis, 9.4% for Bataviae, 1.2-3.5% for Icterohaemorrhagiae, Cynopteri, Autumnalis, Australis, Pomona and Grippotyphosa. Sera from 35 animals reacted with the serovars from two or more serogroups. Of 7 sheep 1 was positive for Pomona and 18 goats proved to be negative. 10.2% of wild mammals were positive at titres 1 greater than or equal to 100, namely 3.5% for Icterohaemorrhagiae, 3.1% for Javanica, 1.7% for Pomona and 0.1-0.8% for Sejroe-Hebdomadis, Grippotyphosa Pyrogenes, Australis, Ballum, Bataviae, Cynopteri and Canicola. The sera of 10 animals were simultaneously positive with the serovars of two serogroups. Erinaceus albiventris, Eidolon helvum, Tadarida condylura and T. pumila, Cercopithecus aethiops, Genetta sp., Ichneumonia albicauda, Canis adustus and C. aureus, Felis silvestris, Leptailurus serval, Arvicanthis niloticus, Mus sp. and species from the subfamilies Tragelaphniae, Reduncinae and Gazellinae were serologically positive. The positivity rate in rodents was only 1.2%.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

A survey of gastrointestinal parasites in Ogun State, southwest Nigeria.

To study the epidemiology of intestinal parasites in Ogun State, Nigeria, 479 stool specimens were examined at a hospital in Abeokuta during the rainy season in June 1986. Intestinal helminths and/or protozoa were present in 297 samples (62%). 41.1% of the specimens showed a single infection, 34% showed double, 20% triple and 5% quadruple infection. The most commonly found worm was Ascaris lumbricoides (in 40% of specimens), followed by Trichuris trichiura (23.2%), hookworms (19.2%), Strongyloides stercoralis (2.1%) and Dicrocoelium sp. (0.4%). Pathogenic protozoa found were Entamoeba histolytica (7%), Giardia intestinalis (4.2%), Blastocystis hominis (2.5%) and Cryptosporidum sp. (2.3%). The apathogenic protozoa Entamoeba coli, Chilomastix mesnili, Trichomonas hominis and Iodamoeba buetschlii were also seen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Investigation of human stool samples from the Cape Verde Islands (district Santa Cruz/Santiago).

Based on the rate of occurrence of diseases associated with diarrhoea, stool samples were also investigated; parasitologically, using the MiFC-enrichment method for intestinal parasites; serologically, using ELISA for rotavirus and bacteriologically for Shigella and Salmonella on the Cape Verde Islands. 90% of the samples came from children aged between 6 and 14 years. Entamoeba histolytica, the causal agent of amoebic dysentery was demonstrated in 17.4%, Lamblia intestinalis in 28.7% and rotavirus in 14.5%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Searching for the HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) in south Sudan, Guinea Bissau, Cape Verde Islands, Iran, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Columbia.

In the spring of 1986, 3.473 human blood samples were serologically screened for HIV-antibodies. The methods used were ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), immunoblotting (Western Blot) and the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). The blood samples were collected from males and females of all age groups in: South Sudan (Melut District in 1981 and 1983), Guinea Bissau (1983), on the Cape Verde Islands (1983/84), in Iran (1985), Nicaragua (1984), El Salvador (1984) and Columbia (1984). 18 out of 1.614 sera from South Sudan, 5 out of 93 sera from Guinea Bissau, 1 out of 289 tested sera from El Salvador were confirmed to be positive. None of the sera from Iran and Nicaragua were HIV-antibody positive.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

On the drinking water situation on the Cape Verde Islands (Islands of Santiago).

On the Cape Verde Islands drinking water investigations were made. The drinking water was tested in chemical and bacteriological respects as well as on amoebas and rotaviruses. The isolated germs were investigated on their reaction against several antibiotics and chemotherapeutics by means of the agar diffusion test. The changing of drinking water quality from water supply places to households was investigated as well. The results make evident the urgency of extensive sanitations of water supply places on the Cape Verde Islands.

Amoeba↗
PubMed1988

Serological investigations for antibodies against Treponema pallidum on the Cape Verde Islands (Santiago and Santo Antao)--2. report.

On the Cape Verde Islands, Santiago and Santo Antao 581 human blood samples were collected. The VDRL and TPHA tests were employed in the serological examinations of samples for antibodies against Treponema pallidum. Positive reactions were shown in 2 of the 191 sera from the Santiago Island and in 12 of the 390 sera from the Santo Antao Island in both the VDRL and the TPHA tests. Including the alone TPHA-positives of 5 and 8 sera respectively, results in a 3.7% of positive sera for Santiago and a 5.1% for Santo Antao. By not taking into account children under 13 years of age, the positivity rises to 4.2% and 7.6% respectively. Giving a total contamination rate of 6.3% for Treponema pallidum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Further serological investigations in humans and domestic animals on the Cape Verde Islands (Q-fever, brucellosis, listeriosis, shigellosis, campylobacteriosis, yersiniosis, toxoplasmosis and chlamydia of PLT-group).

439 sera of domestic animals and various number (150-500) of human sera of the Cape Verde Islands were examined for antibodies against Coxiella burnetti, Brucella abortus, B.melitensis, Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella dysenteriae, S.flexneri, S. boydii, S.sonnei, Campylobacter jejuni, C.fetus ssp. intestinalis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Toxoplasma gondii and Chlamydia of the PLT-group. It could be shown, that on the Cape Verde Islands there is to be counted with numerous zoonoses due to various microorganisms in man as well as in domestic animals. Q-Fever examination showed exceedingly high positivity of human sera (81.6%) and those of domestic animals (84.7%). One of the main reasons for the wide distribution of infectious diseases, especially diarrhoeal diseases such as Shigellosis, Yersiniosis and Campylobacter infections as well as Salmonellosis and Amebiasis on the Islands is the bad hygienic situation, an improvement of which as well as an intensification of research work, health education and a better medical care would be essential for the control of communicable diseases on the Cape Verde Islands.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Serological examinations for antibodies against West Nile virus, Semlikivirus and chikungunyavirus in laboratory mice, parasitized by nidicole fauna from swallow's nests.

Experimental mice in swallow's (NMRI) nests highly infested with swallow bugs (Hirundo rustica) revealed antibodies against West Nile virus, Semliki virus and Chikungunya virus. Additional nidicole ectoparasites were not controlled and could also play a role in the occurrence of infection in experimental mice. Swallows and sparrows (Passer domesticus) additional nest inhabitants appear to be the ultimate link in this infection pathway as swallow bugs seldom migrate into dwellings to infest humans. RMSF-group antibodies and antibodies against ornithosis are rather seldom found. The import of West Nile virus, Chikungunya virus and Semliki virus to Austria through bug-parasitized swallows or other nidicole mites and insects can be assumed based on the presented results.

Animals↗